{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:03:42Z","timestamp":1785423822192,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]],"date-time":"2025-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749945600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Bevezet\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi dolgoz\u00f3k elleni er\u0151szak a k\u00f3rh\u00e1zak\n                    min\u0151s\u00e9gbiztos\u00edt\u00e1sa miatt gyakran kutatott ter\u00fclet. A gyermekk\u00f3rh\u00e1zakra vonatoz\u00f3\n                    kutat\u00e1sok sz\u00e1ma azonban kevesebb. A munkahelyi er\u0151szak hat\u00e1sa cs\u00f6kkenti a\n                    k\u00f3rh\u00e1zi szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t. Az agresszi\u00f3 \u00e9szlel\u00e9se szoci\u00e1lpszichol\u00f3giai\n                    folyamat, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen \u00e9rdekes akkor, ha az interakci\u00f3ban beteg gyermek is jelen\n                    van. A hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3k \u00e9s a betegek er\u0151szakos magatart\u00e1smint\u00e1in k\u00edv\u00fcl az agresszi\u00f3\n                    egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt is jelen van az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi dolgoz\u00f3k munkahelyen t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt\n                    mindennapjaiban bullyng form\u00e1j\u00e1ban.\n                    <jats:italic>C\u00e9lkit\u0171z\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic>\n                    A r\u00e9szletes\n                    le\u00edr\u00f3 statisztik\u00e1n t\u00fal, kutat\u00e1sunkban megvizsg\u00e1ltuk a dolgoz\u00f3k demogr\u00e1fiai\n                    adatai \u00e9s az \u00e9szlelt munkahelyi er\u0151szak k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolatot. Emellett kit\u00e9rt\u00fcnk\n                    a dolgoz\u00f3i helyzet\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9sre, valamint a s\u00fcrg\u0151ss\u00e9gi ell\u00e1t\u00e1s jellegzetess\u00e9geire.\n                    <jats:italic>M\u00f3dszer:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Explorat\u00edv keresztmetszeti kutat\u00e1sunkba 266\n                    eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi dolgoz\u00f3t vontunk be (81,2% n\u0151, \u00e1tlag\u00e9letkor 42 \u00e9v). A\n                    kutat\u00f3csoportunk \u00e1ltal \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edtott online k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edvbe a demogr\u00e1fiai \u00e9s a\n                    munkav\u00e9gz\u00e9ssel kapcsolatos k\u00e9rd\u00e9seken t\u00fal be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00fck a Magyarorsz\u00e1gon is m\u00e1r\n                    t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r felhaszn\u00e1lt Ny\u00edlt Agresszi\u00f3 Sk\u00e1la elemeit is, amelyeket a vizsg\u00e1lat\n                    helysz\u00edn\u00e9\u00fcl szolg\u00e1l\u00f3, k\u00f6zponti elhelyezked\u00e9s\u0171 gyermekk\u00f3rh\u00e1z saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gaihoz\n                    igaz\u00edtottunk. A m\u00e9r\u0151eszk\u00f6zbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00fck egy kor\u00e1bban a k\u00f3rh\u00e1zban v\u00e9gzett, a\n                    munkahelyi er\u0151szakra ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 kutat\u00e1s eredm\u00e9nyeit is. A k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edves felm\u00e9r\u00e9st\n                    orient\u00e1ci\u00f3s besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sek el\u0151zt\u00e9k meg a k\u00f3rh\u00e1z \u00f6sszesen 32 szervezeti\n                    egys\u00e9g\u00e9ben.\n                    <jats:italic>Eredm\u00e9nyek:<\/jats:italic>\n                    A nemzetk\u00f6zi kutat\u00e1si eredm\u00e9nyekkel\n                    \u00f6sszhangban azt tapasztaltuk, hogy a k\u00f3rh\u00e1zban a leggyakrabban \u00e9szlelt\n                    er\u0151szakt\u00edpus egy\u00e9ves prevalenci\u00e1ja a betegek r\u00e9sz\u00e9r\u0151l 60,1%, a hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3k\n                    fel\u0151l 78,7%, valamint a koll\u00e9g\u00e1k ir\u00e1ny\u00e1b\u00f3l 53,8%. Mind a h\u00e1rom kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ban a\n                    verb\u00e1lis megnyilv\u00e1nul\u00e1sok voltak a leggyakoribbak. A n\u00e9gy legink\u00e1bb \u00e9szlelt\n                    magatart\u00e1sminta mindh\u00e1rom tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00f3i csoport vonatkoz\u00e1s\u00e1ban a kiab\u00e1l\u00e1s, a\n                    s\u00e9rteget\u00e9s, a k\u00e1romkod\u00e1s \u00e9s a becsm\u00e9rl\u0151 fenyeget\u00e9s volt. A legnagyobb kock\u00e1zati\n                    profil\u00fa dolgoz\u00f3k \u00e1pol\u00f3i v\u00e9gzetts\u00e9ggel rendelkez\u0151, beosztott szakdolgoz\u00f3k voltak,\n                    akik \u00e1lland\u00f3 nappalos vagy nappali \u00e9s \u00e9jszakai v\u00e1ltakoz\u00f3 beoszt\u00e1sban l\u00e1tj\u00e1k el\n                    feladatukat, f\u0151leg fekv\u0151betegekkel foglalkoznak, m\u00e1sod\u00e1ll\u00e1st v\u00e1llalnak, \u00e9s\n                    anyanyelv\u00fck\u00f6n k\u00edv\u00fcl besz\u00e9lik az angol nyelvet is. A helyzet\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9st tekintve a\n                    v\u00e1laszol\u00f3k (n = 149) 23%-a roml\u00f3, 70%-a stagn\u00e1l\u00f3, m\u00edg 7%-a javul\u00f3 tendenci\u00e1t\n                    tapasztalt a megk\u00e9rdez\u00e9s el\u0151tti f\u00e9l \u00e9vben. A s\u00fcrg\u0151ss\u00e9gi ell\u00e1t\u00e1sban dolgoz\u00f3k\n                    100%-a tapasztalt valamilyen verb\u00e1lis agresszi\u00f3t a hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3k ir\u00e1ny\u00e1b\u00f3l, \u00e9s\n                    ez nagyobb m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171nek mutatkozott, mint a m\u00e1shol dolgoz\u00f3k eset\u00e9ben (82%).\n                    <jats:italic>Megbesz\u00e9l\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic>\n                    A Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati\n                    Int\u00e9zetben is k\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00edrhat\u00f3 volt az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi dolgoz\u00f3k elleni er\u0151szak \u00e9szlel\u00e9se\n                    \u00e9s a demogr\u00e1fiai v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3k kapcsolata. Ennek tekintet\u00e9ben azonban k\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00fcgyelni\n                    kell a gyermek-hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3-ell\u00e1t\u00f3 kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3 saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gainak \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n                    <jats:italic>K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00c1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gban elmondhat\u00f3, hogy az\n                    alacsonyabb beoszt\u00e1s\u00fa eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi dolgoz\u00f3k \u00e9rintkeznek gyakrabban a betegekkel\n                    \u00e9s a hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3kkal olyan \u00e9lethelyzetben, amikor megnyilv\u00e1nulhat a munkahelyi\n                    er\u0151szak. Az interakci\u00f3 \u00e9szlel\u00e9s\u00e9re k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 el\u0151jel\u0171 hat\u00e1ssal b\u00edr a stressz, a\n                    munka megszervez\u00e9se, az \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9szeti k\u00f6rnyezet, az agressz\u00edv magatart\u00e1sok\n                    jelent\u00e9s\u00e9nek lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge, az esem\u00e9ny ut\u00e1ni \u2019debriefing\u2019 (a tapasztalatok\n                    megbesz\u00e9l\u00e9se), az \u2019anti-bullying\u2019 (b\u00e1ntalmaz\u00e1s elleni) protokoll megl\u00e9te \u00e9s a\n                    deeszkal\u00e1ci\u00f3s technik\u00e1k ismerete. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(24): 930\u2013941.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2025.33324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:47:39Z","timestamp":1750193259000},"page":"930-941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A munkahelyi er\u0151szak felm\u00e9r\u00e9se a Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zetben"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Gergely","family":"Fliegauf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemzeti K\u00f6zszolg\u00e1lati Egyetem, Rend\u00e9szettudom\u00e1nyi Doktori Iskola Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zet Budapest, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 86., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra Eszter","family":"V\u00e1rnai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zet Budapest, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 86., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00fcnde","family":"Guti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zet Budapest, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 86., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Baranyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zet Budapest, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 86., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"R\u00e1czkevy-De\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d3budai Egyetem Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zs\u00f3fia","family":"M\u00e9szner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heim P\u00e1l Orsz\u00e1gos Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Int\u00e9zet Budapest, \u00dcll\u0151i \u00fat 86., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma T, Yang T, Guo Y, et al. 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