{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:58:07Z","timestamp":1789185487562,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, the diversity of the genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME) and their association with class 1 integrons in Iranian<jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>strains.A total of 100 multidrug resistant<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>, isolated from eight distinct hospitals in Tehran, were enrolled in this study. Susceptibility of these isolates to antimicrobial agents including gentamicin and amikacin was determined by E-test. Aminoglycoside resistant isolates were then tested by PCR for AME genes, including<jats:italic>aphA6, aacC1, aacC2, aacA4, aadB, aadA1<\/jats:italic>, classes 1 integron, 5\u2032-CS-3\u2032 and typed by RAPD PCR.The rate of resistance to imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin and amikacin were 39%, 39%, 38% and 32%, respectively. Intermediate resistance phenotype to gentamicin and amikacin was observed in 2% and 5% of all the isolates, respectively. After<jats:italic>aph<\/jats:italic>6 with 90% (n = 36\/40),<jats:italic>aad<\/jats:italic>A1,<jats:italic>aac<\/jats:italic>C1 and<jats:italic>aad<\/jats:italic>B with 82.5% (n = 33\/40), 65% (n = 26\/40) and 20% (n = 8\/40) were the most prevalent AME genes among aminoglycosides resistant<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>isolates. A combination of two to four different resistance genes was observed in 39 of 40 strains (97.5%), with a total of 7 different combinations. PCR of integrase genes revealed that AME gene was associated with 67% of class 1 integrons. RAPD analysis showed three predominant genotypes A (n = 20), B (n = 10) and 10 unrelated genotypes.The occurrence of identical resistance genes, gene combinations and class 1 integrons associated with these genes in clonally distinct strains indicates that horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in the dissemination of aminoglycoside resistance in<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/amicr.58.2011.4.11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]],"date-time":"2011-12-30T02:03:15Z","timestamp":1325210595000},"page":"359-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Diversity of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes among multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii genotypes isolated from nosocomial infections in Tehran hospitals and their association with class 1 integrons"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Khairollah","family":"Asadollahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morovat","family":"Taherikalani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Maleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshrat","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Valadbaigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Setareh","family":"Soroush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossain","family":"Maleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa","family":"Asadollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Ilam University of Medical Sciences Clinical Microbiology Research Center Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Emaneini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp225","article-title":"Identification of multidrug- and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Canada: Results from CANWARD 2007","volume":"64","author":"McCracken M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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