{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:32:58Z","timestamp":1759159978834},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>is a major public health concern worldwide. The current study aims to determine the antimicrobial resistance in<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>and associated molecular typing to enhance gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance in Hungary. In the National<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>Reference Laboratory of Hungary 187<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>infections were detected in 2013, antibiograms were determined for all the isolated strains, and 52 (one index strain from every sexually contact related group) of them were also analysed by the<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>multi-antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) method. Twenty-two different NG-MAST sequence types (STs) were identified, of which 8 STs had not been previously described. In Hungary, the highly diversified gonococcal population displayed high resistance to penicillin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline (the antimicrobials previously recommended for gonorrhoea treatment). Resistance to the currently recommended extended spectrum cephalosporines were rare: only two of the expected strains, an ST 1407 and an ST 210, had cefixime MIC above the resistance breakpoint. By the revision of our National Treatment Guideline, it must be considered, that the azithromycin resistance is about 60% among the four most frequently isolated STs in Hungary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/amicr.61.2014.4.5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,13]],"date-time":"2014-12-13T03:32:38Z","timestamp":1418441558000},"page":"435-445","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping analysis of Hungarian Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in 2013"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"\u00c9va","family":"Nemes-Nikod\u00e9m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Brunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Pint\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mi","family":"Mihalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"Lengyel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Hungarian Defence Forces Research Institute of Military Health Centre Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rta","family":"Marschalk\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarolta","family":"K\u00e1rp\u00e1ti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis University Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermatooncology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Semmelweis University Institute of Medical Microbiology Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Ostorh\u00e1zi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections in Europe, 1990\u20132010","year":"2012"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.1.3","article-title":"From epidemiological synergy to public 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Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks162","article-title":"Molecular characterization of two high-level ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates detected in Catalonia, Spain","volume":"67","author":"Camara J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20358","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.03.20358-en","article-title":"Molecular epidemiological typing within the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Programme reveals predominance of a multidrug-resistant clone","volume":"18","author":"Chisholm S.A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eucast.org\">www.eucast.org<\/a>"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1086\/430787","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"41","author":"Tapsall J.W.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1086\/383047","article-title":"Rapid sequence-based identification of gonococcal transmission clusters in a large metropolitan area","volume":"189","author":"Martin I.M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"11","unstructured":"M\u00f3dszertani aj\u00e1nl\u00e1s a szexu\u00e1lis \u00faton terjed\u0151 infekci\u00f3k kivizsg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re\/ Methodological letter of detection of sexually transmitted infections and treatment. Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi K\u00f6zl\u00f6ny\/Health Bulletin <b>52<\/b>, 1509\u20131518 (2002)."},{"key":"12","first-page":"45","article-title":"Szexu\u00e1lis \u00faton terjed\u0151 betegs\u00e9gek Magyarorsz\u00e1gon\/Sexually transmitted diseases in Hungary 2013. IV","volume":"5","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epinfo"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5225","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01295-13","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Kyoto and Osaka, Japan, 2010 to 2012: Intensified surveillance after identification of the first strain (H041) with high-level ceftriaxone resistance","volume":"57","author":"Shimuta K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2013-0357","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibilities and distribution of sequence types of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Canada: 2010","volume":"59","author":"Martin I.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"15","volume-title":"Technical Report. Molecular typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 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