{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T12:37:29Z","timestamp":1769171849565,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ticks of the genus<jats:italic>Ixodes<\/jats:italic>are vectors for many pathogens, including<jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>sensu lato,<jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>spp., and may also serve as vectors for<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. However, the role of ticks in<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>transmission requires additional studies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether coinfection with two or more vector-borne pathogens can occur in the following three groups of dogs: I \u2014 dogs with suspected borreliosis (N = 92), II \u2014 dogs considered healthy (N = 100), and III \u2014 dogs with diagnosed babesiosis (N = 50). Polymerase chain reactions were performed to detect DNA of<jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>spp. and<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. in the blood of dogs. In dogs of Group I, the DNA of both<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>sp. was detected (14% and 1%, respectively). In eight dogs, coinfection was indicated:<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>sp. with<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>s.l. (the presence of antibodies against and\/or DNA<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>s.l.). In the case of five dogs positive for<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>DNA, no coinfection with<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>s.l. was shown. In Group II, the DNA of<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>was detected in four dogs. In Group III, no pathogenic agents possibly transmitted by ticks were confirmed. No DNA of<jats:italic>R. helvetica<\/jats:italic>was detected in any of the groups studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.2011.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]],"date-time":"2011-04-06T12:59:14Z","timestamp":1302094754000},"page":"215-223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Molecular evidence of vector-borne pathogens coinfecting dogs from Poland"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Rymaszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 University of Szczecin Department of Genetics al. Piastow 40B 71-065 Szczecin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Adamska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 University of Szczecin Department of Genetics al. Piastow 40B 71-065 Szczecin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1603.081685","article-title":"Potential for tick-borne bartonelloses","volume":"16","author":"Angelakis E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1089\/153036602321653851","article-title":"Epidemiology and impact of coinfections acquired from Ixodes ticks","volume":"2","author":"Belongia E. A.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vec. Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00220-09","article-title":"Molecular investigations of Rickettsia helvetica infection in dogs, foxes, humans and Ixodes ssp","volume":"75","author":"Boretti E. S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ticks App. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.3.428-438.2000","article-title":"Bartonella infections in animals: carriership, potential reservoir, pathogenicity, and zoonotic potential for human infection","volume":"13","author":"Breitschwerdt E. B.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"5","first-page":"365","article-title":"Bartonellosis, an increasingly recognized zoonosis. J. Appl. Microbiol. [Epub ahead of print] Dehio, C. (2004): Molecular and cellular basis of Bartonella pathogenesis","volume":"58","author":"Chomel B. B.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-4-1557","article-title":"Bartonella schoenbuchii sp. nov., isolated from the blood of deer","volume":"51","author":"Dehio C.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.0018.x","article-title":"Bartonella DNA in the blood and lymph nodes of Golden Retrievers with lymphoma and in healthy controls","volume":"22","author":"Duncan A. W.","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.140.9.222","article-title":"Clinical features and serology of 14 dogs affected by granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Sweden","volume":"140","author":"Egenvall A. E.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.9.1357","article-title":"Concurrent infection of the central nervous system by Borrelia burgdorferi and Bartonella henselae. Evidence for a novel tick-borne disease complex","volume":"58","author":"Eskow E.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.2.816-818.2004","article-title":"Aneruptive fever associated with antibodies to Rickettsia helvetica in Europe and Tailand","volume":"42","author":"Fournier P. E.","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1556\/AVet.56.2008.3.2","article-title":"Molecular and serological evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of farm animals in the Black Sea region of Turkey","volume":"56","author":"Gokce H. I.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Hung."},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2611-2621.2000","article-title":"Antibodies against specific proteins of and immobilizing activity against three strains of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato can be found in symptomatic but not in infected asymptomatic dogs","volume":"38","author":"Hovius J. W.","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"13","first-page":"8","article-title":"Natural history of Bartonella infections (an exception to Koch\u2019s postulate)","volume":"9","author":"Jacomo V.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"14","first-page":"241","article-title":"Canine granulozyt\u00e4re Ehrlichiose (CGE) bei einem Hund in \u00d6sterreich","volume":"87","author":"Kirtz G.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Wien. Tier\u00e4rztl. Msch."},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2005.tb00325.x","article-title":"Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a dog: identifying the causative agent using PCR","volume":"46","author":"Kirtz G.","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Prac."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1089\/15303660260613693","article-title":"Comparison of the reservoir competence of medium-sized mammals and Peromyscus leucopus for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Connecticut","volume":"2","author":"Levin M. L.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"17","volume-title":"Arthropods: Influence on Host","author":"Maciejewska A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.717-722.2003","article-title":"Comparison of PCR assays for detection of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum","volume":"41","author":"Massung R. F.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410020776","article-title":"Serological and molecular evidence of Rickettsia helvetica in Denmark","volume":"36","author":"Nielsen H.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.1.243-247.1997","article-title":"Characterization of spotted fever group Rickettsia from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Sweden","volume":"35","author":"Nilsson K.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.6.1556-1559.1997","article-title":"Human disease in Europe caused by a granulocytic Ehrlichia species","volume":"35","author":"Petrovec M.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.9.2307-2309.1997","article-title":"Granulocytic ehrlichiosis in two dogs in Switzerland","volume":"35","author":"Pusterla N.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.4.694","article-title":"Rickettsioses as paradigms of new or emerging infectious diseases","volume":"10","author":"Raoult D.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2008.315","article-title":"Serological and molecular survey of rickettsial infection in cattle and sike deer in a pastureland in Hidaka district, Hokkaido, Japan","volume":"61","author":"Seino J. N.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Jap. J. Infec. Dis."},{"key":"25","first-page":"727","article-title":"Canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis in the UK","volume":"148","author":"Shaw S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2754\/avb200473030347","article-title":"Blood DNA analysis for Ehrlicha (Anaplasma) phagocytophila and Babesia spp. of dogs from Northern Poland","volume":"73","author":"Skotarczak B.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Brno"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2003)089[0194:MEOCOB]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Molecular evidence of coinfection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, and Babesia microti in ticks from North-Western Poland","volume":"89","author":"Skotarczak B.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"28","first-page":"25","article-title":"Coexistence DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia microti in Ixodes ricinus ticks from north-western Poland","volume":"9","author":"Skotarczak B.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"29","first-page":"199","article-title":"Prevalence of DNA and antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in dogs suspected of borreliosis","volume":"12","author":"Skotarczak B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"30","first-page":"49","article-title":"Agents of Ehrlichia phagocytophila group and other microorganisms coinfecting ticks in southwestern Slovakia","volume":"46","author":"\u0160pitalsk\u00e1 E.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Virol."},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00011-06","article-title":"Coinfections acquired from Ixodes ticks","volume":"19","author":"Swanson S. J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1556\/AVet.58.2010.2.9","article-title":"Potential infectivity of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains in Ixodes ricinus ticks from Serbia","volume":"58","author":"Tomanovi\u0107 S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Hung."},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960100464","article-title":"First cases of acute human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Poland","volume":"20","author":"Tylewska-Wierzbanowska S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0401.980113","article-title":"Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes scapularis in a rural New Jersey county","volume":"4","author":"Varde S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.11.008","article-title":"Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesia canis vogeli, Hepatozoon canis, Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Grenada","volume":"151","author":"Yabsley M. J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-52-1-165","article-title":"Phylogenetic classification of Bartonella species by comparing groEL sequences","volume":"52","author":"Zeaiter Z.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/004\/59\/2\/article-p215.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akademiai.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1556\/avet.2011.008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T03:56:40Z","timestamp":1686023800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/doi\/10.1556\/avet.2011.008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/avet.2011.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0236-6290","1588-2705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0236-6290","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]}}}