{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T03:19:52Z","timestamp":1768533592045,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the steady-state expression of 13 selected housekeeping genes in the myometrium of cyclic and pregnant cows. Cells taken from bovine myometrium on days 1\u20135, 6\u201310, 11\u201316 and 17\u201320 of the oestrous cycle and in weeks 3\u20135, 6\u20138 and 9\u201312 of pregnancy were used. Reverse transcribed RNA was amplified in real-time PCR using designed primers. Reaction efficiency was determined with the Linreg programme. The geNorm and NormFinder programmes were used to select the best housekeeping genes. They calculate the expression stability factor for each used housekeeping gene with the smallest value for most stably expressed genes. According to geNorm, the most stable housekeeping genes in the myometrium were C2orf29, TPB<\/jats:italic> and TUBB2B<\/jats:italic>, while the least stably expressed genes were 18S RNA, HPRT1<\/jats:italic> and GAPDH<\/jats:italic>. NormFinder identified the best genes in the myometrium as C2orf29, MRPL12<\/jats:italic> and TBP<\/jats:italic>, while the worst genes were 18S RNA, B2M<\/jats:italic> and SF3A1<\/jats:italic>. Differences in stability factors between the two programmes may also indicate that the physiological status of the female, e.g. pregnancy, affects the stability of expression of housekeeping genes. The different expression stability of housekeeping genes did not affect progesterone receptor expression but it could be important if small differences in gene expression were measured between studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.2013.037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]],"date-time":"2013-07-18T01:06:45Z","timestamp":1374109605000},"page":"505-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Validation of housekeeping genes for studying differential gene expression in the bovine myometrium"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Rekawiecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Tuwima 10 10-747 Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kowalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Tuwima 10 10-747 Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kotwica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Tuwima 10 10-747 Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5245","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0496","article-title":"Normalization of real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR data: a model-based variance estimation approach to identify genes suited for normalization, applied to bladder and colon cancer data sets","volume":"64","author":"Andersen C. 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