{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T21:21:18Z","timestamp":1784236878884,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MaSeb"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:italic>Objective:<\/jats:italic> To evaluate the endo-anal ultrasound (EAUS) versus endo-anal magnetic resonance imaging (EAMRI) in the diagnosis of external anal sphincter defects (EAS) in patients with faecal incontinence (FI). <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> Studies on EAUS and EAMRI were selected and analyzed to generate summative data. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> Five studies encompassing 347 patients of FI were included in this review. Three studies validated the results of EAUS and EAMRI by surgery (61 patients). In the fixed effect model, EAUS was superior to EAMRI in the depiction of EAS defects. On combined analysis of five studies using fixed effect model, both EAUS and EAMRI were equally effective. However, there was a significant heterogeneity between studies. <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> EAUS and EAMRI are comparable in the diagnosis of EAS defects in patients of FI. Since EAUS is an economical, quicker and easily available imaging modality, it may be used a preferable investigation for the diagnosis of EAS defects in patients of FI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/maseb.63.2010.1.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,16]],"date-time":"2010-02-16T02:02:17Z","timestamp":1266285737000},"page":"9-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Endo-anal ultrasound versus endo-anal magnetic resonance imaging for the depiction of external anal sphincter pathology in patients with faecal incontinence: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"MS","family":"Sajid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Washington Suite, North Wing, Worthing Hospital, West Sussex, BN11 2DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Khatri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Washington Suite, North Wing, Worthing Hospital, West Sussex, BN11 2DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MRS","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Washington Suite, North Wing, Worthing Hospital, West Sussex, BN11 2DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MK","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Washington Suite, North Wing, Worthing Hospital, West Sussex, BN11 2DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530070057030","article-title":"Community-based prevalence of anal incontinence","volume":"274","author":"Nelson R","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1999.tb03841.x","article-title":"Prevalence of combined fecal and urinary incontinence: a community-based study","volume":"47","author":"Roberts RO","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553877","article-title":"Anorectal complications of vaginal delivery","volume":"32","author":"Venkatesh KS","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"4","first-page":"553","article-title":"Clinical consequences of anal sphincter rupure during vaginal delivery","volume":"183","author":"Fornell EK","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312233292601","article-title":"Anal sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery","volume":"329","author":"Sultan AH","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4103","article-title":"Clinical and physiological findings, and possible aetiological factors of rectal hyposensitivity","volume":"90","author":"Gladman MA","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"7","first-page":"463","article-title":"Anal endosonography in the investigation of faecal incontinence","volume":"81","author":"Law PJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053340","article-title":"Anal sphincter imaging in faecal incontinence using endosonography","volume":"35","author":"Cuesta MA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053993","article-title":"High resolution magnetic resonance imaging on the anal sphincter using a dedicated endoanal coil: comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with surgical findings","volume":"39","author":"Souza NM","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10","first-page":"45","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of anal sphincter using an internal coil","volume":"11","author":"Souza NM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magn Reson Q"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-004-0693-2","article-title":"Can three-dimensional endo-anal ultrasonography detect external anal sphincter atrophy? 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