{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T21:16:04Z","timestamp":1694639764164},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A foglalkoz\u00e1si n\u00e1tha (OR) az orr olyan gyullad\u00e1sos betegs\u00e9ge, amelyet a munkahelyen \u00e9szlelhet\u0151 valamilyen t\u00e9nyez\u0151 v\u00e1lt ki \u00e9s a munkahelyen k\u00edv\u00fcl semmi sem ront. Klinikai t\u00fcnetei (nehez\u00edtett orrl\u00e9gz\u00e9s, orrv\u00e1lad\u00e9koz\u00e1s, viszket\u0151 \u00e9rz\u00e9s, orron kereszt\u00fcli l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1s cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se) csaknem azonosak az egy\u00e9b okb\u00f3l bek\u00f6vetkez\u0151 allergi\u00e1s n\u00e1th\u00e1\u00e9val. A 27\/1996. NM-rendelet szerint Magyarorsz\u00e1gon is bejelent\u00e9sre k\u00f6telezett betegs\u00e9g. Ennek ellen\u00e9re 1997 \u00e9s 2009 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt haz\u00e1nkban egyetlen esetet sem jelentettek. A legut\u00f3bbi 20 \u00e9vben az egyetlen magyar nyelv\u0171, OR-rel foglalkoz\u00f3 szakirodalom az<jats:italic>Ungv\u00e1ry<\/jats:italic>\u00e1ltal szerkesztett \u00e9s 2004-ben megjelent Munkaeg\u00e9szs\u00e9gtan c\u00edm\u0171 tank\u00f6nyv. E betegs\u00e9g Eur\u00f3pa t\u00f6bbi orsz\u00e1g\u00e1ban nem ismeretlen. Kiv\u00e1lthatj\u00e1k mind nagy (1000 Dalton feletti), mind kis molekulas\u00faly\u00fa anyagok. P\u00e9kek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul 18\u201328%, izocian\u00e1ttal dolgoz\u00f3k (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul fest\u0151k, \u00f6nt\u00f6dei munk\u00e1sok) k\u00f6z\u00f6tt 36\u201342% k\u00f6z\u00f6tt \u00edrj\u00e1k le a prevalenci\u00e1j\u00e1t. Kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1ra hajlamos\u00edt, ha a k\u00e1ros\u00edt\u00f3 anyag nagy koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ban van a leveg\u0151ben, illetve, ha t\u00f6bbfajta k\u00e1ros\u00edt\u00f3 anyag van a leveg\u0151ben. A megl\u00e9v\u0151 atopia f\u0151leg a nagy molekulas\u00faly\u00fa anyagok eset\u00e9ben hajlamos\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151. Az OR k\u00f3rism\u00e9j\u00e9nek meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a k\u00f3rt\u00f6rt\u00e9neten k\u00edv\u00fcl objekt\u00edv vizsg\u00e1latokat kell haszn\u00e1lni. A legelfogadottabb a specifikus nasalis provok\u00e1ci\u00f3. Ennek sor\u00e1n gravimetri\u00e1san m\u00e9rhetj\u00fck az orrv\u00e1lad\u00e9k mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9t, vizsg\u00e1lhatjuk az orrv\u00e1lad\u00e9kban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 sejteket \u00e9s citokineket, valamint az orron kereszt\u00fcli l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1st rhinomanometri\u00e1val \u00e9s a nasalis bel\u00e9gz\u00e9si \u00e1raml\u00e1st, az orr anat\u00f3miai viszonyainak megv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1t pedig akusztikus rhinometri\u00e1val. Az OR kezel\u00e9se els\u0151sorban munkahelyi feladat: fokozni a szell\u0151ztet\u00e9st, cs\u00f6kkenteni az expoz\u00edci\u00f3s id\u0151t, helyettes\u00edteni a k\u00e1ros\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151t. Az \u00fajonnan felvetteket \u00e9vente sz\u0171rni, az OR-ben szenved\u0151ket asztma ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ban vizsg\u00e1lni kell. Gy\u00f3gyszeres kezel\u00e9s: per os antihisztamin, nasalis szteroid, kombin\u00e1lt hat\u00e1s\u00fa (antihisztamin+membr\u00e1nstabiliz\u00e1l\u00f3) szemcsepp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/oh.2010.28872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,23]],"date-time":"2010-05-23T01:01:49Z","timestamp":1274576509000},"page":"941-945","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Occupational rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Endre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 K\u00f6zponti M\u00c1V Rendel\u0151int\u00e9zet Budapest G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151i u. 3. 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