{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:14:59Z","timestamp":1791893699939,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."],"DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T15:25:11Z","timestamp":1586445911000},"page":"405-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Update to U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016: Updated Recommendations for the Use of Contraception Among Women at High Risk for HIV Infection"],"prefix":"10.15585","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Naomi K.","family":"Tepper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanna","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maura K.","family":"Whiteman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6224","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6503a1","article-title":"U.S. medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use, 2016.","volume":"65","author":"Curtis","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Contraceptive eligibility for women at high risk of HIV: guidance statement: recommendations on contraceptive methods used by women at high risk of HIV. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/contraceptive-eligibility-women-at-high-risk-of-HIV\/en\/"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6504a1","article-title":"U.S. selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2016.","volume":"65","author":"Curtis","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575","article-title":"Declines in unintended pregnancy in the United States, 2008\u20132011.","volume":"374","author":"Finer","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R5","unstructured":"CDC. Diagnoses of HIV infection in the United States and dependent areas, 2018 (preliminary). HIV surveillance report, vol. 30. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2019. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/library\/reports\/surveillance\/cdc-hiv-surveillance-report-2018-vol-30.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.05.048","article-title":"Trends in hospitalizations of pregnant HIV-infected women\u00a0in the United States: 2004 through 2011.","volume":"215","author":"Ewing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001228","article-title":"An updated systematic review of epidemiological evidence on hormonal contraceptive methods and HIV acquisition in women.","volume":"30","author":"Polis","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2019-200509","article-title":"Hormonal contraception and HIV acquisition among women: an updated systematic review.","volume":"46","author":"Curtis","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2019-200512","article-title":"Copper intrauterine device use and HIV acquisition in women: a systematic review.","volume":"46","author":"Hannaford","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31288-7","article-title":"HIV incidence among women using intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, a copper intrauterine device, or a levonorgestrel implant for contraception: a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial.","volume":"394","author":"Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial Consortium","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R11","unstructured":"Daniels K, Abma J. Current contraceptive status among women aged 15\u201349: United States, 2015\u20132017. NCHS data brief, no. 327. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, National Center for Health Statistics; 2018. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/databriefs\/db327-h.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6818e1","article-title":"Vital Signs: pregnancy-related deaths, United States, 2011\u20132015, and strategies for prevention, 13 states, 2013\u20132017.","volume":"68","author":"Petersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e831","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30196-1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980\u20132017, and forecasts to 2030, for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017.","volume":"6","author":"GBD 2017 HIV collaborators","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002801","article-title":"Role of Preexposure prophylaxis in the reproductive health of women at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection.","volume":"132","author":"Pollock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R15","unstructured":"US Public Health Service. Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States\u20142017 update: a clinical practice guideline. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2018. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/risk\/prep\/cdc-hiv-prep-guidelines-2017.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001392","article-title":"Drug interactions between hormonal contraceptives and antiretrovirals.","volume":"31","author":"Nanda","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R17","article-title":"Providing quality family planning services: recommendations of CDC and the U.S. Office of Population Affairs.","volume":"63","author":"Gavin","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R18","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015.","volume":"64","author":"Workowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"key-10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3-202004091124-R19","unstructured":"Malcolm N, Marx K, Hart J,  Decision-making guide for the provision of PrEP services in Title X-funded family planning service sites. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Population Affairs; 2019. https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/opa\/sites\/default\/files\/OPA-PrEP-Decision-Guide.pdf"}],"container-title":["MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T15:25:22Z","timestamp":1586445922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/69\/wr\/mm6914a3.htm?s_cid=mm6914a3_w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6914a3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-2195","1545-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-2195","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-861X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]}}}