{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T07:33:15Z","timestamp":1777361595871,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies (JAFES)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. This sub-analysis of the ACTION APAC study aimed to identify perceptions, attitudes and behaviors related to obesity and its management among people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare providers (HCPs) in the Philippines, identifying barriers to effective care and contributing to management strategies.\nMethodology. ACTION APAC was a cross-sectional, non-interventional, descriptive survey conducted from April 14 to May 23, 2022 across nine countries, involving 1,000 PwO and 201 HCPs.\nResults. Most participants agreed that obesity is an illness but 91% of PwO felt losing weight was entirely their responsibility. Both groups identified similar motivators and barriers to weight loss. Weight stigma significantly impacted PwO but fewer than half discussed weight with their HCPs. Many PwO were happy with their weight and did not consider themselves as having obesity. Lifestyle modifications were preferred for weight management by both groups, while HCPs were reluctant to prescribe pharmacotherapy or recommend bariatric surgery due to lack of knowledge and cost, respectively.\nConclusion. The study revealed a discrepancy between recognizing obesity as an illness and attitudes towards its treatment, highlighting a need for better education and tailored management strategies that consider cultural factors in the Philippines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.041.01.5121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:32:41Z","timestamp":1777357961000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Filipinos View Obesity"],"prefix":"10.15605","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nemencio","family":"Nicodemus Jr.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edgardo Juan","family":"Tolentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Jimeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4807-694X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joy Arabelle","family":"Fontanilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3112-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyrus","family":"Pasamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6060-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danieson","family":"Lampano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"6244","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"84417","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight"},{"key":"84418","unstructured":". Accessed January 17, 2025."},{"key":"84419","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gatillo JL, Corpuz A, Leyco T, Ponce A. Obesity awareness and its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics of Filipino adults: A survey among work-from-home employees in Metro Cebu, Philippines. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc. 2023;38(1):29-36. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37252410\/","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.038.01.05"},{"key":"84420","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10213160\/"},{"key":"84421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15605\/jafes.038.01.05","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.038.01.05"},{"key":"84422","unstructured":"Department of Science and Technology Food and Nutrition Research Institute. Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures: 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS)."},{"key":"84423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adair LS, Gultiano S, Suchindran C. 20-year trends in Filipino women's weight reflect substantial secular and age effects. J Nutr. 2011;141(4):667-73. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21325475\/","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.134387"},{"key":"84424","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3056582\/"},{"key":"84425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.110.134387","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.134387"},{"key":"84426","unstructured":"UNICEF Philippines. Prevention of overweight and obesity in children: Landscape analysis and priority actions. https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/philippines\/reports\/prevention-overweight-and-obesity-children-landscape-analysis-and-priority-actions"},{"key":"84427","unstructured":". Accessed January 17, 2025."},{"key":"84428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaguchi Y, Tuliao MTR, Matsuo H. Factors associated with the progression and prevention of noncommunicable diseases in community-dwelling Filipino adults: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(14):e25082. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33832075\/","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025082"},{"key":"84429","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8036101\/"},{"key":"84430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000025082","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025082"},{"key":"84431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Provido SMP, Abris GP, Lee H, et al. Comparison of cardiovascular disease risk factors among FiLWHEL (2014-2016), NNS (2013) and KNHANES (2013-2015) women. BMC Womens Health. 2023;23(1):149. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36997917\/","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02218-1"},{"key":"84432","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10064574\/"},{"key":"84433","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-023-02218-1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02218-1"},{"key":"84434","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Juras AR, Hsu WC, Hu SC. Prevalence and determinants of the co-occurrence of overweight or obesity and micronutrient deficiencies among adults in the Philippines: Results from a national representative survey. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2339. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34371849\/","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072339"},{"key":"84435","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8308505\/"},{"key":"84436","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13072339","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072339"},{"key":"84437","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandalia M, Lin P, Seenivasan T, Livingston EH, et al. Insulin resistance and body fat distribution in South Asian men compared to Caucasian men. PLoS One. 2007;2(8):e812. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17726542\/","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000812"},{"key":"84438","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1950568\/"},{"key":"84439","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0000812","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000812"},{"key":"84440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deurenberg-Yap M, Chew SK, Lin VF, Tan BY, van Staveren WA, Deurenberg P. Relationships between indices of obesity and its comorbidities in multi-ethnic Singapore. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25(10):1554-62. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11673781\/","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801739"},{"key":"84441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801739","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801739"},{"key":"84442","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khoo CM, Leow MKS, Sadananthan SA, et al. Body fat partitioning does not explain the interethnic variation in insulin sensitivity among Asian ethnicity: The Singapore adults metabolism study. Diabetes. 2014;63(3):1093-102. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24353181\/","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1483"},{"key":"84443","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db13-1483","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1483"},{"key":"84444","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Philippines. https:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/research-analysis\/health-by-location\/profiles\/philippines"},{"key":"84445","unstructured":". Accessed January 17, 2025."},{"key":"84446","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Espiritu AI, Reyes NGD, Leochico CFD, et al. Body mass index and its association with COVID-19 clinical outcomes: Findings from the Philippine CORONA study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022;49:402-10. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35623845\/","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.03.013"},{"key":"84447","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8968152\/"},{"key":"84448","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.03.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.03.013"},{"key":"84449","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ornos EDB, Quebral EPB, Lintao RCV, et al. The growing epidemic of childhood obesity in the Philippines and the COVID-19 pandemic. J Paediatr Child Health. 2022;58(6):1120-1. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35499812\/","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16004"},{"key":"84450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.16004","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16004"},{"key":"84451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huse O, Backholer K, Nguyen P, et al. A comparative analysis of the cost-utility of the Philippine tax on sweetened beverages as proposed and as implemented. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2023;41:100912. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37780636\/","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2023.100912"},{"key":"84452","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10534259\/"},{"key":"84453","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2023.100912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2023.100912"},{"key":"84454","unstructured":"Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2017-2022: A call to urgent action for Filipinos and its leadership: Executive summary. 2017. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/phi173419.pdf"},{"key":"84455","unstructured":". Accessed January 17, 2025."},{"key":"84456","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jasul Jr GV, Sy RAG. Obesity treatment recommendations in the Philippines: Perspective on their utility and implementation in clinical practice. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc. 2011;26(2):122\u20138.","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.026.02.07"},{"key":"84457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O'Shea D, Kahan S, Lennon L, et al. Practical approaches to treating obesity: Patient and healthcare professional perspectives. Adv Ther. 2021;38(7):4138-50. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33929659\/","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-021-01802-x"},{"key":"84458","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8085475\/"},{"key":"84459","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-021-01748-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-021-01748-0"},{"key":"84460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auckburally S, Davies E, Logue J. The use of effective language and communication in the management of obesity: The challenge for healthcare professionals. Curr Obes Rep. 2021;10(3):274-81. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34003446\/","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-021-00441-1"},{"key":"84461","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8408082\/"},{"key":"84462","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13679-021-00441-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-021-00441-1"},{"key":"84463","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tham KW, Ahmed A, Boonyavarakul A, et al. ACTION APAC: Understanding perceptions, attitudes and behaviours in obesity and its management across south and southeast Asia. Clin Obes. 2024;14(3):e12644. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38332544\/","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12644"},{"key":"84464","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cob.12644","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12644"},{"key":"84465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tham KW, Abdul Ghani R, Cua SCC, et al. Obesity in South and Southeast Asia: A new consensus on care and management. Obes Rev. 2023;24(2):e13520. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36453081\/","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13520"},{"key":"84466","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10078503\/"},{"key":"84467","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.13520","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13520"},{"key":"84468","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaplan LM, Golden A, Jinnett K, et al. Perceptions of barriers to effective obesity care: Results from the national ACTION study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018;26(1):61-9. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29086529\/","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22054"},{"key":"84469","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.22054","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22054"},{"key":"84470","unstructured":"Sharma AM, B\u00e9langer A, Carson V, et al. Perceptions of barriers to effective obesity management in Canada: Results from the ACTION study. Clin Obes. 2019;9(5):e12329. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31294535\/"},{"key":"84471","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6771494\/"},{"key":"84472","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cob.12329","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12329"},{"key":"84473","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caterson ID, Alfadda AA, Auerbach P, et al. Gaps to bridge: Misalignment between perception, reality and actions in obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019;21(8):1914-24. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31032548\/","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13752"},{"key":"84474","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6767048\/"},{"key":"84475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.13752","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13752"},{"key":"84476","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubino F, Puhl RM, Cummings DE, et al. Joint international consensus statement for ending stigma of obesity. Nat Med. 2020;26(4):485-97. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32127716\/","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0803-x"},{"key":"84477","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7154011\/"},{"key":"84478","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-020-0803-x","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0803-x"},{"key":"84479","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durrer Schutz D, Busetto L, Dicker D, et al. European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care. Obes Facts. 2019;12(1):40-66. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30673677\/","DOI":"10.1159\/000496183"},{"key":"84480","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6465693\/"},{"key":"84481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000496183","DOI":"10.1159\/000496183"},{"key":"84482","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armstrong MJ, Mottershead TA, Ronksley PE, et al. Motivational interviewing to improve weight loss in overweight and\/or obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Rev. 2011;12(9):709-23. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21692966\/","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00892.x"},{"key":"84483","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00892.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00892.x"},{"key":"84484","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sumithran P, Prendergast LA, Delbridge E, et al. Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(17):1597-604. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22029981\/","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105816"},{"key":"84485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1105816","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105816"},{"key":"84486","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hall KD, Schoeller DA, Brown AW. Reducing calories to lose weight. JAMA. 2018;319(22):2336-7. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29896621\/","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.4257"},{"key":"84487","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.4257","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.4257"},{"key":"84488","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(10):621-8. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7632212\/","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503093321001"},{"key":"84489","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199503093321001","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503093321001"},{"key":"84490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Capuno J, Kraft A, Calicdan KG, et al. Associations between health-related quality of life and measures of adiposity among Filipino adults. PLoS One. 2022;17(10):e0275798. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36288388\/","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275798"},{"key":"84491","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9605333\/"},{"key":"84492","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0275798","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275798"},{"key":"84493","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brewis A, SturtzSreetharan C, Wutich A. Obesity stigma as a globalizing health challenge. Global Health. 2018;14(1):20. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29439728\/","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-018-0337-x"},{"key":"84494","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5811962\/"},{"key":"84495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12992-018-0337-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-018-0337-x"},{"key":"84496","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seubsman S, Lim LL-Y, Banwell C, et al. Socioeconomic status, sex, and obesity in a large national cohort of 15-87-year-old open university students in Thailand. J Epidemiol. 2010;20(1):13-20. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19934589\/","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20090014"},{"key":"84497","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3900775\/"},{"key":"84498","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2188\/jea.je20090014","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20090014"},{"key":"84499","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deurenberg P, Yap M, van Staveren WA. Body mass index and percent body fat: A meta-analysis among different ethnic groups. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998;22(12):1164-71. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9877251\/","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800741"},{"key":"84500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800741","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800741"},{"key":"84501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haregu T, Lim SC, Miranda M, et al. Practical strategies for improving sustainability and scale-up of noncommunicable disease-related public health interventions: Lessons from the better health program in Southeast Asia. WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2023;12(1):15-37. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37843178\/","DOI":"10.4103\/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_140_22"},{"key":"84502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_140_22","DOI":"10.4103\/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_140_22"},{"key":"84503","unstructured":"Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Cabinet Office. Global better health programme. 2019. https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/better-health-programme"},{"key":"84504","unstructured":". Accessed January 17, 2025."},{"key":"84505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obesity in Asia Collaboration, Huxley R, Barzi F, et al. Waist circumference thresholds provide an accurate and widely applicable method for the discrimination of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(12):3116-8. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17804678\/","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1455"},{"key":"84506","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc07-1455","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1455"},{"key":"84507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adair LS, Duazo P, Borja JB. How overweight and obesity relate to the development of functional limitations among Filipino women. Geriatrics (Basel). 2018;3(4):63. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30450359\/","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics3040063"},{"key":"84508","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6233880\/"},{"key":"84509","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/geriatrics3040063","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics3040063"}],"container-title":["Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asean-endocrinejournal.org\/index.php\/JAFES\/article\/download\/5121\/5324","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asean-endocrinejournal.org\/index.php\/JAFES\/article\/download\/5121\/5324","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:35:13Z","timestamp":1777358113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asean-endocrinejournal.org\/index.php\/JAFES\/article\/view\/5121"}},"subtitle":["Findings From the ACTION APAC Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"references-count":93,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15605\/jafes.041.01.5121","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-118X","0857-1074"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2308-118X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0857-1074","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]}}}