{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:39:41Z","timestamp":1787506781810,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":401,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3-4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This monograph reviews research on the design and evaluation of search user interfaces that has been published within the past 10 years. Our primary goal is to integrate state-of-the-art research in the areas of information seeking behavior, information retrieval, and human-computer interaction on the topic of search interface. Specifically, this monograph (1) describes the history and background of the development of the search interface; (2) introduces information search behavior models that help conceptualize users\u2019 information needs, and how people seek, select, and use information; (3) characterizes the major components of search interfaces that support different subprocesses based on Marchonini\u2019s information seeking process model; (4) reviews the design of search interfaces for different user groups, especially that of vulnerable people, as well as personalized and adaptive search interfaces; (5) identifies evaluation methods of search interfaces and how they were implemented in research having different evaluation purposes. We also provide an outlook on the future trends of search interfaces including conversational search interfaces, search interfaces supporting serendipity and creativity, and searching in immersive and virtual reality environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T04:18:42Z","timestamp":1639369122000},"page":"243-416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Search Interface Design and Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Hsang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Metropolitan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Bierig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maynooth University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2013.01.007","article-title":"Adaptive visualization for exploratory information retrieval","volume":"49","author":"Ahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management."},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref002","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on World Wide Web. WWW \u201908.","author":"Ahn","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref003","first-page":"95","article-title":"Contextual information access with augmented reality","author":"Ajanki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing, MLSP 2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref004","unstructured":"ALA\n          . (2016). Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education. URL: https:\/\/alair.ala.Org\/handle\/11213\/7668#fl."},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref005","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIUR \u201919","author":"Aliannejadi","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref006","first-page":"475","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201919","author":"Aliannejadi","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1145\/2215676.2215678","article-title":"Frontiers, challenges, and opportunities for information retrieval: Report from SWIRL 2012 second strategic workshop on information retrieval in Lome","volume":"46","author":"Allan","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACM SIGIR Forum"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref008","volume-title":"A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom\u2019s taxonomy of educational objectives, complete edition","author":"Anderson","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref009","first-page":"701","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval - SIGIR \u201908","author":"Aula","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref010","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Proceedings of SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201905","author":"Aragon","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref011","first-page":"238","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th Information Interaction in Context Symposium. HIX \u201912","author":"Arvola","year":"2012"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026040901114134400_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23617","article-title":"Is exploratory search different? A comparison of information search behavior for exploratory and lookup tasks","volume":"67","author":"Athukorala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enhancing readability of search result summaries","volume":"2","author":"Aula","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref014","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201919","author":"Aula","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-017-9310-1","article-title":"Online searching and learning: YUM and other search tools for children and teachers","volume":"20","author":"Azpiazu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Retrieval Journal"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1145\/3406522.3446023","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Azzopardi","year":"2021"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30192-9_58","article-title":"Query recommendation using query logs in search engines","volume":"58","author":"Baeza-Yates","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lecture notes in computer science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref018","first-page":"195","article-title":"Constructing query-biased summaries: A comparison of human and system generated snippets","author":"Bando","year":"2010","journal-title":"IHX 2010 - Proceedings of the 2010 Information Interaction in Context Symposium"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref019","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI \u201915)","author":"Baral","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-016-9184-8","article-title":"Extracting relevance and affect information from physiological text annotation","volume":"26","author":"Baral","year":"2016","journal-title":"User Modelling and User-Adapted Interaction"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref021","first-page":"364","article-title":"Type less, find more","author":"Bast","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval - SIGIR \u201906"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1108\/eb024320","article-title":"The design of browsing and berrypicking techniques for online search interface","volume":"13","author":"Bates","year":"1989","journal-title":"Online Review"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref023","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Theory Development in Information Sciences","author":"Bates","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref024","volume-title":"User Interface Design","author":"Bates","year":"1990"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(01)00041-3","article-title":"The cascade of interactions in digital library interface","volume":"38","author":"Bates","year":"2002","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref026","article-title":"What is browsing-really? A model drawing from behavioural science research","volume":"12","author":"Bates","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630300406","article-title":"Information search tactics","volume":"30","author":"Bates","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1177\/016555158601200501","article-title":"Information systems and stimulation of creativity","volume":"12","author":"Bawden","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref029","first-page":"89","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"Beinema","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref030","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Emerging frameworks and methods. Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4)","author":"Belkin","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(93)90059-M","article-title":"BRUQUE: Design of an interface to support user interaction in information retrieval","volume":"29","author":"Belkin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref032","first-page":"133","article-title":"Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval","volume":"5","author":"Belkin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Canadian journal of information science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref033","article-title":"The problem of matching in information retrieval","author":"Belkin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Theory and application of information research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref034","first-page":"25","article-title":"Intelligent information retrieval: whose intelligence?","volume":"96","author":"Belkin","year":"1996","journal-title":"IST"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026722","article-title":"ASK for information retrieval: Part I. Background and theory","volume":"38","author":"Belkin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of documentation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref036","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"Belkin","year":"1977"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2009.35.1.111","article-title":"That\u2019s Nice... What Can You Do With It?","volume":"35","author":"Belz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref038","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Interactive bibliographic search as a challenge to interface design","author":"Bennett","year":"1971"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref039","article-title":"Searching Databases without Query-Building Aids: Implications for Dyslexic Users","volume":"20","author":"Berget","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Research: An International Electronic Journal"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref040","article-title":"What Is Known About Impact of Impairments on Information Seeking and Searching?","author":"Berget","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-04-2020-0049","article-title":"Modelling information seeking and searching behaviour of users with impairments: Are existing models applicable?","volume":"77","author":"Berget","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2016.04.006","article-title":"Is visual content in textual search interfaces beneficial to dyslexic users?","volume":"92","author":"Berget","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref043","article-title":"Why textual search interfaces fail: a study of cognitive skills needed to construct successful queries","volume":"24","author":"Berget","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information Research: An International Electronic Journal"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1145\/3295750.3298926","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref045","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201919","author":"Bi","year":"2019"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref046","first-page":"e15110","article-title":"Patient and Consumer Safety Risks When Using Conversational Assistants for Medical Information: An Observational Study of Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant","volume":"20","author":"Bickmore","year":"2018","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth and uHealth"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-019-09365-w","article-title":"Special issue on de-personalisation, diversification, filter bubbles and search","volume":"22","author":"Bierig","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information Retrieval Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1108\/AJIM-05-2018-0124","article-title":"Readability and word complexity of SERPs snippets and web pages on children\u2019s search queries","volume":"71","author":"Bilal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aslib Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-07-2016-0097","article-title":"Three key affordances for serendipity: Toward a framework connecting environmental and personal factors in serendipitous encounters","volume":"73","author":"Bj\u00f6rneborn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1633\/JISTaP.2013.1.3.2","article-title":"Interactive information retrieval: An introduction","volume":"1","author":"Borlund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref051","first-page":"513","volume-title":"Proceedings of SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201910","author":"Brandt","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref052","first-page":"1589","volume-title":"Proceedings of SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201909","author":"Brandt","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1145\/3020165.3022149","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Conference Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201917","author":"Braslavski","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref054","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Faceted classification today: theory, technology and end users: proceedings of International UDC Seminar","author":"Broughton","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref055","article-title":"Thumbtack: A bookmarking service from Microsoft","author":"Brown","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref056","first-page":"841","volume-title":"The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies and Emerging Applications, Third Edition","author":"Bruckman","year":"2012","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74851-9_35","volume-title":"Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries","author":"Buchanan","year":"2007"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764212469364","article-title":"Motivation for Open Collaboration","volume":"57","author":"Budhathoki","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Behavioral Scientist"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref059","first-page":"44","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. IUI \u201900","author":"Budzik","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.17705\/1thci.00103","article-title":"Real-time Prediction of User Performance based on Pupillary Assessment via Eye-Tracking","volume":"10","author":"B\u00fcttner","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pra2.2016.14505301122","article-title":"Pienappie search: an integrated search interface to support finding, refinding and sharing","volume":"53","author":"Buivys","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref062","first-page":"171","volume-title":"CHIUR 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"B\u00fcschel","year":"2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026040901114134400_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20197","article-title":"Conceptual framework for tasks in information studies","volume":"56","author":"Bystr\u00f6m","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1145\/2661829.2661921","article-title":"Time-sensitive Personalized Query Auto-Completion","author":"Cai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management - CIKM \u201914"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2015.12.008","article-title":"Learning from homologous queries and semantically related terms for query auto completion","volume":"52","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref066","first-page":"445","volume-title":"The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Capra","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1145\/365024.365331","article-title":"Information scent as a driver of Web behavior graphs: results of a protocol analysis method for Web usability","author":"Card","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proceedings of SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref068","first-page":"75","article-title":"A model of perceptual and conceptual processes in graph comprehension","volume":"4","author":"Carpenter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref069","article-title":"A Model of Information Seeking and Decision Making of Online Coin Buyers","volume":"15","author":"Case","year":"2010","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1109\/76.718507","article-title":"A fully automated content-based video search engine supporting spatiotemporal queries","volume":"8","author":"Chang","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for video technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1108\/EL-12-2013-0219","article-title":"Young children\u2019s storybook searching with a visualized search interface","volume":"33","author":"Chao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electronic Library"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026040901114134400_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2017.2739151","article-title":"User Satisfaction Prediction with Mouse Movement Information in Heterogeneous Search Environment","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806473","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","author":"Chen","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref074","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2018 15th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC)","author":"Cheng","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intcom.2010.02.005","article-title":"Visual search in dynamic 3D visualisations of unstructured picture collections","volume":"22","author":"Christmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interacting with Computers"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118882139.ch16","article-title":"Vector Space Models of Lexical Meaning","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1145\/2854946.2854972","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Collins-Thompson","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref078","volume-title":"Tech. rep.","author":"Common Sense Media","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3301400","article-title":"Comparing and Combining Interaction Data and Eye-tracking Data for Real-time Prediction of User Cognitive Abilities in Visualization Tasks","volume":"10","author":"Conati","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2017.09.003","article-title":"Virtual Serendipity: Preserving Embodied Browsing Activity in 21st Century Research Library","volume":"44","author":"Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref081","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Interactive information seeking, behaviour and retrieval","author":"Cool","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1109\/CogInfoCom.2014.7020425","article-title":"Assessing Voice User Interfaces: The Vassist system prototype","author":"Cordasco","year":"2014","journal-title":"2014 5th IEEE Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref083","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative & Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"Creswell","year":"2018","edition":"5th"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240690","article-title":"What are you looking for? An eye-tracking study of information usage in web search","author":"Cutrell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1201\/b22189","volume-title":"Designing for Older Adults: Principles and Creative Human Factors Approaches","author":"Czaja","year":"2019","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref086","first-page":"825","volume-title":"The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook","author":"Czaja","year":"2012","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1145\/3240167.3240262","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. NordiCHI \u201918","author":"Dalsgaard","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.2010.1440440119","article-title":"Confessional methods and everyday life information seeking","volume":"44","author":"Davenport","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref089","first-page":"222","volume-title":"Theory development in information sciences","author":"Dillon","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29135-8_7","volume-title":"The NeurIPS \u201918 Competition: From Machine Learning to Intelligent Conversations","author":"Dinan","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref091","first-page":"1","article-title":"Designing User Interfaces for Elderly: A Systematic Literature Review","author":"Dodd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Australasian Conference on Information Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1145\/1321440.1321473","volume-title":"Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management - CIKM \u201907","author":"Don","year":"2007"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2012.252","article-title":"PivotPaths: Rolling through Faceted Information Spaces","volume":"18","author":"D\u00f6rk","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1515\/opis-2020-0102","article-title":"Co-Designing Visualizations for Information Seeking and Knowledge Management","volume":"4","author":"D\u00f6rk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Information Science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1145\/3392063.3394390","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Interaction Design and Children Conference","author":"Downs","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1086\/428691","article-title":"What Children Can Teach Us: Developing Digital Libraries for Children with Children","volume":"75","author":"Druin","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Library Quarterly"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref097","first-page":"125","article-title":"Engaged or Frustrated?: Disambiguating Engagement and Frustration in Search","author":"Edwards","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGIR Conference (SIGIR \u201917)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2018.06.003","article-title":"A view to a click: Pupil size changes as input command in eyes-only human-computer interaction","volume":"119","author":"Ehlers","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1145\/3159652.3159654","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. WSDM \u201918","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18988-8_5","volume-title":"Collaborative Information Seeking: Best Practices, New Domains and New Thoughts","author":"Elbeshausen","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/016555158901500406","article-title":"A behavioural model for information retrieval system design","volume":"15","author":"Ellis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of information science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1108\/S1876-0562(2011)002011a012","volume-title":"New Directions in Information Behaviour","author":"Elsweiler","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref103","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"Erdelez","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-08-2019-0151","article-title":"Information encountering reencountered: A conceptual re-examination of serendipity in context of information acquisition","volume":"76","author":"Erdelez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref105","first-page":"425","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201914","author":"Eugster","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1561\/1100000018","article-title":"Methods and Techniques for Involving Children in Design of New Technology for Children","volume":"6","author":"Fails","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref107","first-page":"34","volume-title":"SIGIR 2010 Proceedings - 33rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Feild","year":"2010"},{"issue":"Dec.","key":"2026040901114134400_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2019.07.009","article-title":"A Taxonomy of Social Cues for Conversational Agents","volume":"132","author":"Feine","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref109","volume-title":"Theories of Information Behavior (ASIST Monograph)","author":"Fisher","year":"2005"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1109\/2.410146","article-title":"Query by image and video content: The QBIC system","volume":"28","author":"Flickner","year":"1995","journal-title":"computer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2009.10.010","article-title":"Division of labour and sharing of knowledge for synchronous collaborative information retrieval","volume":"46","author":"Foley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref112","first-page":"160","volume-title":"Tech. rep.","author":"Fortune Business Insights","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.1440400115","article-title":"Collaborative information seeking and retrieval","volume":"40","author":"Foster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref114","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"Freund","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.2014.14505101122","article-title":"Documenting and studying use of assigned search tasks: ReAST","volume":"51","author":"Freund","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1145\/3196709.3196732","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference. DIS \u201918","author":"Frich","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38825-6_3","volume-title":"Understanding and Improving Information Search: A Cognitive Approach","author":"Fu","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1353\/lib.0.0061","article-title":"Introduction: Pleasurable pursuits: Leisure and LIS research","volume":"57","author":"Fulton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Library Trends"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1145\/3295750.3298930","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2019"},{"issue":"12-13","key":"2026040901114134400_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2010.05.005","article-title":"Automatically generating personalized user interfaces with Supple","volume":"174","author":"Gajos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2018.8446137","article-title":"Knowledge Spaces in VR: Intuitive Interfacing with a Multiperspective Hypermedia Environment","author":"Gerjets","year":"2018","journal-title":"2018 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18988-8_8","volume-title":"Collaborative Information Seeking: Best Practices, New Domains and New Thoughts","author":"Given","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref123","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201999","author":"Golovchinsky","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18988-8_10","volume-title":"Collaborative Information Seeking: Best Practices, New Domains and New Thoughts","author":"Gonzalez-Ibanez","year":"2015"},{"issue":"0","key":"2026040901114134400_ref125","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparison of unimodal and multimodal models for implicit detection of relevance in interactive IR","volume":"0","author":"Gonzalez-Ibanez-Lez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026040901114134400_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23325","article-title":"Evaluating a search interface for visually impaired searchers","volume":"66","author":"Goodall Sahib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref127","unstructured":"Google\n          . (2020). Google - Notebook FAQ. URL: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Notebook."},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref128","first-page":"1","article-title":"Search engines for children: Search user interfaces and information-seeking behaviour","author":"Gossen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PhD thesis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2012.12.006","article-title":"Specifics of information retrieval for young users: A survey","volume":"49","author":"Gossen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref130","first-page":"37","volume-title":"5th Workshop on Context-awareness in Retrieval and Recommendation (CaRR\u201915) in conjunction with the 37th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR\u201915)","author":"Gossen","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref131","first-page":"5905","article-title":"A field experiment of spatially-stable overviews for document navigation","author":"Gutwin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human Factors in Computing Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref132","first-page":"30","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Guy","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref133","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Gwizdka","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref134","first-page":"193","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHUR \u201916.","author":"Hagen","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1145\/1377999.1378021","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services - MobileHCI \u201907","author":"H\u00e4iki\u00f6","year":"2007"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2004.04.016","article-title":"Collaborative Information Retrieval in an information-intensive domain","volume":"41","author":"Hansen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18988-8","volume-title":"Collaborative Information Seeking","author":"Hansen","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1023\/B:INRT.0000011207.45988.bb","article-title":"Within- document retrieval: A user-centred evaluation of relevance profiling","volume":"7","author":"Harper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Information Retrieval"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1108\/00220411011087841","article-title":"Managing documents at home for serious leisure: A case study of the hobby of gourmet cooking","volume":"66","author":"Hartel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"Apr.","key":"2026040901114134400_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2015.12.002","article-title":"Remembering through lifelogging: A survey of human memory augmentation","volume":"27","author":"Harvey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref141","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Proceedings of the f Oth International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201917","author":"Harvey","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401061","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Hashemi","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1145\/2556195.2556221","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM international conference on Web search and data mining","author":"Hassan","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2007.07.009","article-title":"An evaluation of adaptive filtering in the context of realistic task-based information exploration","volume":"44","author":"He","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref145","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI \u201995","author":"Hearst","year":"1995"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026040901114134400_ref146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1145\/2018396.2018414","article-title":"\u2019Natural\u2019 search user interfaces","volume":"54","author":"Hearst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2012.11.002","article-title":"Disability and accessibility in the library and information science literature: A content analysis","volume":"35","author":"Hill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Library & Information Science Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref148","first-page":"549","article-title":"An eyetracking study of user interactions with Query Auto Completion","author":"Hofmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"CIKM 2OI4 - Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02225-8","article-title":"Human-Computer Interactions in Museums","volume":"12","author":"Hornecker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Synthesis Lectures on Human-Centered Informatics"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref150","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201919","author":"Hosey","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1561\/1100000006","article-title":"Interaction design and children","volume":"1","author":"Hourcade","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref152","article-title":"Introduction to this Special Issue on Designing for Personal Memories: Past, Present, and Future","volume":"27","author":"Hoven","year":"2012","journal-title":"Human- Computer Interaction"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.09.003","article-title":"Beyond traditional collaborative search: Understanding the effect of awareness on multilevel collaborative information retrieval","volume":"54","author":"Htun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref154","first-page":"394","volume-title":"European Conference on Information Literacy","author":"Huurdeman","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref155","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHUR \u201916","author":"Huurdeman","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref156","first-page":"22","volume-title":"CEUR Workshop Proceedings","author":"Huurdeman","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref157","first-page":"n4","article-title":"The Cool and Belkin faceted classification of information interactions revisited","volume":"15","author":"Huvila","year":"2010","journal-title":"Information Research: An International Electronic Journal"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref158","first-page":"187","article-title":"Some remarks on the possibility of extending the theory of polyrepresentation to the study of the relevance and qualities of \u2019things\u2019 represented in information collections","author":"Huvila","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ogledi o informacijskim znanostima - Zbornik radova u \u010d Tatjane Aparac-Jelu\u0161i\u0107"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref159","article-title":"User Interaction with an Automated Information Retrieval System","volume":"Section VI","author":"Ide","year":"1967","journal-title":"Report No. ISR-12 to the National Science Foundation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref160","article-title":"Relevance Feedback in an Automatic Document Retrieval System","author":"Ide","year":"1969","journal-title":"Report No. ISR-15 to National Science Foundation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref161","volume-title":"Information retrieval interaction","author":"Ingwersen","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref162","author":"Ingwersen","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026960","article-title":"Cognitive perspectives of information retrieval interaction: elements of a cognitive IR theory","volume":"52","author":"Ingwersen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of documentation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref164","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cognitive Information Retrieval","volume":"34","author":"Ingwersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annual review of information science and technology (ARIST)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref165","volume-title":"The turn: Integration of information seeking and retrieval in context","author":"Ingwersen","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref166","first-page":"44","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of snippet highlighting in search","author":"Iofciu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Understanding the User- Logging and Interpreting User Interactions in Information Search and Retrieval (UIIR-2009)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s41870-019-00279-w","article-title":"Learner characteristics of m-learning preferences","volume":"11","author":"Al-Ismail","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Technology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24161","article-title":"Integrating neurophysiologic relevance feedback in intent modeling for information retrieval","volume":"70","author":"Jacucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref169","first-page":"327","volume-title":"Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings","author":"Jakobsson","year":"1986"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2699660","article-title":"Task-Based Information Interaction Evaluation","volume":"33","author":"J\u00e4rvelin","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/2792790","volume-title":"The VR Book","author":"Jerald","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref172","first-page":"143","article-title":"How do users respond to voice input errors? Lexical and phonetic query reformulation in voice search","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"SIGIR 2013 - Proceedings of the 36th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref173","first-page":"445","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u2019If","author":"Jiang","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2017.07.004","article-title":"A clickstream data analysis of Chinese academic library OPAC users\u2019 information behavior","volume":"39","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Library and Information Science Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref175","volume-title":"Designing User Interfaces for an Aging Population","author":"Johnson","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref176","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Information Interaction in Context Symposium. IliX Tf","author":"J\u00fcrgens","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20299","article-title":"\u201cI\u2019m feeling lucky\u201d: The role of emotions in seeking information on the Web","volume":"57","author":"Kaibach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2017.11.005","article-title":"Gaze-based predictive user interfaces: Visualizing user intentions in the presence of uncertainty","volume":"111","author":"Karaman","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Human Computer Studies"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref179","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction& Retrieval - IUI \u201918","author":"Katsini","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref180","first-page":"121","article-title":"AIM-TWX: an experimental on-line bibliographic retrieval system","author":"Katter","year":"1971","journal-title":"Interactive bibliographic search: The user\/computer interface"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref181","first-page":"154","volume-title":"Information Visualization. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4950","author":"Keim","year":"2008"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026040901114134400_ref182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20590","article-title":"A field study characterizing web-based information-seeking tasks","volume":"58","author":"Kellar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000012","article-title":"Methods for evaluating interactive information retrieval systems with users","volume":"3","author":"Kelly","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foundations and trends in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref184","article-title":"Human Information Interaction & Retrieval","volume-title":"Tech, rep.","author":"Kelly","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1145\/2568388.2568407","article-title":"NSF workshop on taskbased information search systems","volume":"47","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACM SIGIR Forum"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2006.03.006","article-title":"Eliciting better information need descriptions from users of information search systems","volume":"43","author":"Kelly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref187","first-page":"371","volume-title":"Proceedings - 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2009","author":"Kelly","year":"2009"},{"issue":"el","key":"2026040901114134400_ref188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocw100","article-title":"Comparison of heuristic and cognitive walkthrough usability evaluation methods for evaluating health information systems","volume":"24","author":"Khajouei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref189","first-page":"1257","author":"Kiesel","year":"2018","journal-title":"The fist International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR \u201918"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1145\/1125451.1125636","volume-title":"CHI\u201906 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Kim","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref191","first-page":"1","article-title":"Selecting and measuring task characteristics as independent variables","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref192","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 39th International ACM SIGIR conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR \u201916","author":"Kiseleva","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/iwc\/iwz015","article-title":"Understanding and Measuring User Experience in Conversational Interfaces","author":"Kocaballi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Interacting with Computers"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref194","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems common ground - CHI \u201996","author":"Koenemann","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref195","first-page":"359","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Information Interaction in Context. IHX \u201910","author":"Kopak","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.3006","article-title":"Eye movements indicate the temporal organisation of information processing in graph comprehension","volume":"28","author":"K\u00f6rner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3150975","article-title":"Proactive Information Retrieval by Capturing Search Intent from Primary Task Context","volume":"8","author":"Koskela","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref198","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA T9","author":"Kowalski","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref199","article-title":"Towards collaboration between information seeking and information retrieval","volume":"10","author":"Kuhlthau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information Research-an International Electronic Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(199106)42:5<361::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Inside the search process: Information seeking from the user\u2019s perspective","volume":"42","author":"Kuhlthau","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref201","article-title":"Visualizing Stages During an Exploratory Search Session","volume-title":"Heir 2011","author":"Kules","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref202","author":"Kumpulainen","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45442-5_26","volume-title":"Advances in Information Retrieval: ECIR 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12036","author":"La Barbera","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref204","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces - IUI \u201919","author":"Lall\u00e9","year":"2019"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocy072","article-title":"Conversational agents in healthcare: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Laranjo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1145\/2215676.2215684","article-title":"Report on TBAS 2012","volume":"46","author":"Larsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACM SIGIR Forum"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref207","first-page":"624","volume-title":"3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice","author":"LaViola","year":"2017","edition":"2nd"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2008.07.005","article-title":"A Faceted Approach to Conceptualizing Tasks in Information Seeking","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21359","article-title":"An exploration of the relationships between work task and interactive information search behavior","volume":"61","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1145\/2348283.2348314","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval","author":"Liu","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1145\/2661829.2661939","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","author":"Liu","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref212","volume-title":"CEUR Workshop Proceedings","author":"Liu","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1145\/1840784.1840805","volume-title":"Proceedings of the third symposium on Information interaction in context","author":"Liu","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref214","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science & Technology","author":"Liu","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref215","first-page":"1","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2012.08.006","article-title":"Examining users\u2019 knowledge change in the task completion process","volume":"49","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2018.06.002","article-title":"Search systems and their features: What college students use to find and save information","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Library & Information Science Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401085","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Liu","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref219","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth Australasian Document Computing Symposium","author":"Liu","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref220","volume-title":"CEUR Workshop Proceedings","author":"Liu","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref221","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Information Interaction in Context Symposium on - IHX \u2019If","author":"Liu","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1080\/24750158.2017.1357915","article-title":"Natural Search User Interfaces for Complex Biomedical Search: An Eye Tracking Study","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.03.004","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms on different types of searchers","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1080\/13614576.2014.955209","article-title":"On Interactive Interfaces for Semi-Structured Academic Document Seeking and Relevance Decision Making","volume":"19","author":"Loizides","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Review of Information Networking"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1145\/3020165.3022131","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Conference Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHUR T7","author":"Low","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.2008.1450450266","article-title":"Understanding and supporting multi-session web tasks","volume":"45","author":"MacKay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1080\/24750158.2019.1686569","article-title":"How Passionate People Seek and Share Various Forms of Information in Their Serious Leisure","volume":"69","author":"Mansourian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(198901)40:1<54::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Information-seeking strategies of novices using a full-text electronic encyclopedia","volume":"40","author":"Marchionini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511626388","volume-title":"Information Seeking in Electronic Environments","author":"Marchionini","year":"1995"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1145\/1121949.1121979","article-title":"Exploratory search: from finding to understanding","volume":"49","author":"Marchionini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2009.88","article-title":"Information-Seeking Support Systems [Guest Editors\u2019 Introduction]","volume":"42","author":"Marchionini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1093\/iwc\/iwz018","article-title":"Navigation Comparison between a Real and a Virtual Museum: Time-dependent Differences using a Head Mounted Display","volume":"31","author":"Marin-Morales","year":"2019","journal-title":"Interact. Comput."},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref233","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","author":"Marshall","year":"2002"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2011.03.002","article-title":"The effect of user characteristics on search effectiveness in information retrieval","volume":"47","author":"Al-Maskari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref235","first-page":"i","volume-title":"Researching Serendipity in Digital Information Environments","author":"McCay-Peet","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2015.02.004","article-title":"Examination of relationships among serendipity, the environment, and individual differences","volume":"51","author":"McCay-Peet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref237","first-page":"623","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22Nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. IUI \u201917","author":"Medlar","year":"2017"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10244","article-title":"Modeling the information-seeking behavior of social scientists: Ellis\u2019 study revisited","volume":"54","author":"Meho","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23659","article-title":"Presenting bibliographic families using information visualization: Evaluation of FRBR-based prototype and hierarchical visualizations","volume":"68","author":"Mercun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1145\/2756406.2756922","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2016.01.006","article-title":"Finding fiction: Search moves and success in two online catalogs","volume":"38","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Library and Information Science Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref242","first-page":"1321","article-title":"A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Visual Displays","volume":"E77-D","author":"Milgram","year":"1994","journal-title":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1145\/2600428.2609508","article-title":"On user interactions with query auto-completion","author":"Mitra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 37th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research & development in information retrieval - SIGIR \u2019If"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref244","first-page":"1121","volume-title":"Proceedings of the fOth International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Mitsui","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref245","first-page":"1141","volume-title":"The fist International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Mitsui","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1145\/3176349.3176887","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction & Retrieval","author":"Mitsui","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref247","first-page":"30:1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces. AVI \u201918","author":"Mollashahi","year":"2018"},{"issue":"Apr.","key":"2026040901114134400_ref248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2019.02.008","article-title":"Foraging-based optimization of pervasive displays","volume":"55","author":"Montoya Freire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref249","first-page":"931","volume-title":"WWW 2013 - Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on World Wide Web","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313671","volume-title":"The World Wide Web Conference. WWW \u201919","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1518\/001872005775570952","article-title":"Usability of Touch-Panel Interfaces for Older Adults","volume":"47","author":"Murata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1109\/VR46266.2020.00098","author":"Murcia-Lopez","year":"2020","journal-title":"2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref253","first-page":"47:1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201919","author":"Myers","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1108\/AJIM-07-2020-0206","article-title":"The effects of cognitive load on query reformulation: mental demand, temporal demand and frustration","volume":"73","author":"Na","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aslib Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref255","unstructured":"Needleman, R.\n          . (2009). Yahoo Search Pad: An online notebook that watches you. URL: https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/yahoo-search-pad-an-online-notebook-that-watches-you\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3390\/mti2030060","article-title":"Perceptions on Authenticity in Chat Bots","volume":"2","author":"Neururer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref257","first-page":"206","volume-title":"Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings","author":"Nielsen","year":"1993"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2013.09.002","article-title":"The use of query suggestions during information search","volume":"50","author":"Niu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2020.102226","article-title":"An empirical study of interest, task complexity, and search behaviour on user engagement","volume":"57","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026631","article-title":"Information retrieval through man-machine dialogue","volume":"33","author":"Oddy","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of documentation"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref261","first-page":"2209","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201909","author":"Oliveira","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1145\/3020165.3022173","author":"Ong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Conference Human Information Interaction and Retrieval"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02607-2","article-title":"Adaptive and Personalized Visualization","volume":"7","author":"Ottley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Synthesis Lectures on Visualization"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref264","first-page":"294","volume-title":"The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You","author":"Pariser","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1145\/3196709.3196712","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference. DIS \u201918","author":"Pauchet","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref266","first-page":"233","volume-title":"The Book House. Modelling Users\u2019 Needs for Search Strategies as a Basis for System Design","author":"Pejtersen","year":"1989"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref267","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Tech. rep.","author":"Perkins Coie","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1145\/3322276.3322288","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 on Designing Interactive Systems Conference. DIS \u201919","author":"Pettersson","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref269","volume-title":"The Psychology of the Child","author":"Piaget","year":"1969","edition":"2nd Ed"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref270","first-page":"157","volume-title":"Internet Science. INSCI 2018","author":"Piccolo","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref271","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Testing","author":"Pinker","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-016-0500-1","article-title":"Technology learning and use among older adults with late-life vision impairments","volume":"16","author":"Piper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Universal Access in the Information Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.4.643","article-title":"Information foraging","volume":"106","author":"Pirolli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychological review"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref274","first-page":"640:1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI \u201918","author":"Porcheron","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-011-0470-5","article-title":"Design and Evaluation of a Smart Home Voice Interface for the Elderly: Acceptability and Objection Aspects","volume":"17","author":"Portet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Personal Ubiquitous Comput"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref276","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW","author":"Preece","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref277","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201919","author":"Qu","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref278","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI \u201919","author":"Qu","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1145\/3020165.3020183","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Conference Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201917","author":"Radlinski","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-06170-8_14","volume-title":"A Guided Tour of Artificial Intelligence Research","author":"Ragni","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref281","first-page":"939","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR \u201915","author":"Rahman","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1145\/3079628.3079690","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 25th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization - UMAP \u201917","author":"Raptis","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2005.05.005","article-title":"Analysis of multiple query reformulations on the web: The interactive information retrieval context","volume":"42","author":"Rieh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1145\/1242572.1242765","author":"Rose","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1145\/3406522.3446025","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Roy","year":"2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3231593","article-title":"Interactive Intent Modeling for Exploratory Search","volume":"36","author":"Ruotsalo","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref287","volume-title":"Designing the Search Experience: The Information Architecture of Discovery","author":"Russell-Rose","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21696","article-title":"A comparative analysis of the information-seeking behavior of visually impaired and sighted searchers","volume":"63","author":"Sahib","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref289","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. IUI \u201920","author":"Salminen","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000040","article-title":"Search Result Diversification","volume":"9","author":"Santos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref291","first-page":"313","article-title":"The stratified model of information retrieval interaction: Extension and applications","volume":"34","author":"Saracevic","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ASIS annual meeting"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref292","volume-title":"PhD thesis","author":"Sarraf","year":"2019"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(1999)50:12<1067::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Interaction in information retrieval: Trends over time","volume":"50","author":"Savage-Knepshield","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref294","first-page":"14","volume-title":"International Conference of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum for European Languages","author":"Savenkov","year":"2011"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24003","article-title":"Information-Seeking Processes as Temporal Developments: Comparison of Stage-based and Cyclic Approaches","volume":"69","author":"Savolainen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33290-6_34","volume-title":"International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries","author":"Schaer","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cola.2020.100941","article-title":"QueryCrumbs search query history visualization - Usability, transparency and long-term usage","volume":"57","author":"Schlotterer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Languages"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1145\/3289600.3290974","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. WSDM \u201919","author":"Schnabel","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-010-0479-1","article-title":"Term distribution visualizations with Focus+Context","volume":"50","author":"Schwartz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools and Applications"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1145\/3379337.3415813","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. UIST \u201920","author":"Setlur","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040901114134400_ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2009.10.002","article-title":"Role-based results redistribution for collaborative information retrieval","volume":"46","author":"Shah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02326-2","article-title":"Task Intelligence for Search and Recommendation","volume":"13","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref303","first-page":"464","volume-title":"Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Social Media, Games and Assistive Environments. HCII 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11593","author":"Shalini","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref304","volume-title":"IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology","author":"Shao","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref305","volume-title":"Interaction Design : Beyond Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Sharp","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref306","first-page":"715","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 40th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201917","author":"Shiga","year":"2017"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026040901114134400_ref307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1983.1654471","article-title":"Direct Manipulation: A Step Beyond Programming Languages","volume":"16","author":"Shneiderman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref308","volume-title":"Designing the User Interface : Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Shneiderman","year":"1997","edition":"6 Edition"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1145\/2484028.2484076","author":"Shokouhi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 36th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval - SIGIR \u201913"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref310","first-page":"11:1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. ETRA \u201919","author":"Silva","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref311","first-page":"24:1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology. VRST \u201918","author":"Skarbez","year":"2018"},{"issue":"01","key":"2026040901114134400_ref312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.22323\/2.18010202","article-title":"What do volunteers want from citizen science technologies? A systematic literature review and best practice guidelines","volume":"18","author":"Skarlatidou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Science Communication"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2008.05.006","article-title":"Inter and intra-document contexts applied in polyrepresentation for best match IR","volume":"44","author":"Skov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref314","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Papers, SIGGRAPH 2010","author":"Slater","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref315","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201916","author":"Smith","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.05.001","article-title":"The use of query auto-completion over the course of search sessions with multifaceted information needs","volume":"53","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref317","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","author":"Smith","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref318","first-page":"251","volume-title":"ICMR 2017 - Proceedings of 2017 ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","author":"Soleymani","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref319","volume-title":"Theory Development in the Information Sciences","author":"Sonnenwald","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3115\/1075812.1075833","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Language Technology. HLT \u201994","author":"Sparck Jones","year":"1994"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref321","article-title":"Predicting Visual Search Task Success from Eye Gaze Data as a Basis for User-Adaptive Information Visualization Systems","volume":"11","author":"Spiller","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(98)00025-9","article-title":"From highly relevant to not relevant: examining different regions of relevance","volume":"34","author":"Spink","year":"1998","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ivs.9500180","article-title":"Jigsaw: Supporting Investigative Analysis through Interactive Visualization","volume":"7","author":"Stasko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Visualization"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1353\/lib.0.0064","article-title":"Leisure and Its Relationship to Library and: Information Science: Bridging the Gap","volume":"57","author":"Stebbins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Library Trends"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref325","first-page":"156","volume-title":"Serious leisure : a perspective for our time","author":"Stebbins","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2633043","article-title":"Inferring Visualization Task Properties, User Performance, and User Cognitive Abilities from Eye Gaze Data","volume":"4","author":"Steichen","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref327","first-page":"78:1","article-title":"Evaluation in Contextual Information Retrieval: Foundations and Recent Advances Within the Challenges of Context Dynamicity and Data Privacy","volume":"51","author":"Tamine","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref328","article-title":"Cognitive styles and eye movement patterns: an empirical investigation into user interactions with interface elements and visualisation objects of a scientific information system","volume":"23","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2016.1220104","article-title":"Supporting Creativity through the Interactive Exploratory Search Paradigm","volume":"33","author":"Taramigkou","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.5860\/crl_29_03_178","article-title":"Question-negotiation and information seeking in libraries","volume":"29","author":"Taylor","year":"1967","journal-title":"College and Research Libraries"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref331","first-page":"42","article-title":"Style and Alignment in Information-Seeking Conversation","author":"Thomas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction&Retrieval - CHIIR \u201918"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref332","first-page":"199","article-title":"User-adaptive Support for Processing Magazine Style Narrative Visualizations","author":"Toker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of 2018 Conference on Human Information Interaction&Retrieval - IUI \u201918"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref333","first-page":"221","article-title":"Pupillometry and Head Distance to the Screen to Predict Skill Acquisition During Information Visualization Tasks","author":"Toker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces - IUI \u201917"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1145\/3320435.3320447","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization. UMAP \u201919","author":"Toker","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref335","first-page":"337","article-title":"How task affects information search","author":"Toms","year":"2007","journal-title":"Workshop Pre-proceedings in Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (INEX)"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref336","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Interactive Information Seeking, Behaviour and Retrieval","author":"Toms","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref337","first-page":"314","author":"Tou","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref338","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201919","author":"Trippas","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref339","first-page":"32","article-title":"Informing the Design of Spoken Conversational Search","author":"Trippas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of 2018 Conference on Human Information InteractionC Retrieval - CHIIR \u201918"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02262-3","volume-title":"Faceted search","author":"Tunkelang","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref341","first-page":"127","article-title":"Fast generation of result snippets in web search","author":"Turpin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of 30th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref342","article-title":"Anderson and Krathwohl\u2019s Two-Dimensional Taxonomy Applied to Task Creation and Learning Assessment","author":"Urgo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGIR International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref343","first-page":"657","article-title":"Search effort degrades search output but improves task outcome","volume":"63","author":"Vakkari","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref344","first-page":"894","volume-title":"Content-Based Multimedia Information Access-Volume 1","author":"Vakkari","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1145\/345508.345512","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval","author":"Vakkari","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref346","first-page":"243","volume-title":"CHIIR 2020 - Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201920","author":"Vakkari","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040901114134400_ref347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007127","article-title":"Changes in relevance criteria and problem stages in task performance","volume":"56","author":"Vakkari","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of documentation"},{"issue":"November","key":"2026040901114134400_ref348","first-page":"217","article-title":"Sources, relevance and contributory information of documents in writing a research proposal: a longitudinal case study","volume":"2","author":"Vakkari","year":"2001","journal-title":"The new review of information behaviour research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref349","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)","author":"Vakkari","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref350","first-page":"541","volume-title":"Advances in Information Retrieval. ECIR 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11137","author":"Vakulenko","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref351","article-title":"Modelling information practices of music fans living in Medellin, Colombia","volume":"24","author":"Vinchira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1145\/3308561.3353773","volume-title":"ASSETS 2019 - 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","author":"Vtyurina","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref353","first-page":"2187","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA \u201917","author":"Vtyurina","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2007.07.011","article-title":"Assessing term effectiveness in the interactive information access process","volume":"44","author":"Wacholder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref355","first-page":"337","article-title":"Selecting books: A performance-based study","author":"Wacholder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of ACM\/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries"},{"issue":"Aug.","key":"2026040901114134400_ref356","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.05.003","article-title":"The impact of age on website usability","volume":"37","author":"Wagner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref357","first-page":"404","volume-title":"\u201cThe User Interface for Interactive Search of Bibliographic Data Bases","author":"Walker","year":"1971"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref358","volume":"1338","author":"Walsh","year":"2015","journal-title":"CEUR Workshop Proceedings"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref359","article-title":"Digital humanities in iSchool","author":"Walsh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401303","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Ward","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref361","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vis4Vis: Visualization for (Empirical) Visualization Research","volume":"18041","author":"Weiskopf","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139525305","volume-title":"Interactions with search systems","author":"White","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref363","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exploratory search: Beyond the query-response paradigm"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1145\/3195180","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in search interaction","volume":"61","author":"White","year":"2018","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1145\/1080343.1080347","article-title":"Evaluating implicit feedback models using searcher simulations","volume":"23","author":"White","year":"2005","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref366","first-page":"971","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on World wide web - WWW \u201914","author":"Whiting","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref367","first-page":"325","volume-title":"World Report on Disability","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref368","unstructured":"WHO\n          . (2019). Global Health Estimates: Life expectancy and leading causes of death and disablity. URL: https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/ghe-documents\/global-health-estimates\/ghe2019_life-table-methods.pdf."},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref369","volume-title":"World Health Statistics 2021","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-102220-7.00001-7","volume-title":"Research methods: Information, Systems, and Contexts","author":"Williamson","year":"2018","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1145\/2212776.2223754","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2012 ACM annual conference extended abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts - CHI EA \u201912","author":"Wilson","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026040901114134400_ref372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22758","article-title":"A comparison of techniques for measuring sensemaking and learning within participant-generated summaries","volume":"64","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref373","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Search User Interface Design","author":"Wilson","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref374","article-title":"A Diary Study of Information Needs Produced in Casual-Leisure Reading Situations","volume-title":"Searching4Fun Workshop at ECIR 2012","author":"Wilson","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026040901114134400_ref375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21080","article-title":"Evaluating advanced search interfaces using established information-seeking models","volume":"60","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref376","first-page":"147","article-title":"The Tetris Model of Resolving Information Needs within Information Seeking Process","author":"Wilson","year":"2017","journal-title":"CHIIR \u201917"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref377","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007145","article-title":"Models in information behaviour research","volume":"55","author":"Wilson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref378","article-title":"A general theory of human information behaviour","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref379","volume-title":"Tech. rep.","author":"Winther","year":"2019"},{"issue":"NOV","key":"2026040901114134400_ref380","first-page":"1790","article-title":"Risk and ambiguity in information seeking: Eye gaze patterns reveal contextual behavior in dealing with uncertainty","volume":"7","author":"Wittek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02315-6","volume-title":"Mobile Search Behaviors: An In-depth Analysis Based on Contexts, APPs, and Devices","author":"Wu","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1108\/AJIM-12-2015-0191","article-title":"Affective choosing of clustering and categorization representations in e-book interfaces","volume":"68","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aslib Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026040901114134400_ref383","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2004.08.007","article-title":"Understanding patrons\u2019 micro-level information seeking (MLIS) in information retrieval situations","volume":"41","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref384","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10323","article-title":"Intermediary\u2019s information seeking, inquiring minds, and elicitation styles","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026040901114134400_ref385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21644","article-title":"On intermediaries\u2019 inquiring minds, elicitation styles, and user satisfaction","volume":"62","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026040901114134400_ref386","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.2014.14505101030","article-title":"Online search stopping behaviors: An investigation of query abandonment and task stopping","volume":"51","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref387","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1145\/2362724.2362768","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th Information Interaction in Context Symposium","author":"Wu","year":"2012"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24240","article-title":"Investigating the role of eye movements and physiological signals in search satisfaction prediction using geometric analysis","volume":"70","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026040901114134400_ref389","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:9<841::AID-ASI70>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Shifts of interactive intentions and information-seeking strategies in interactive information retrieval","volume":"51","author":"Xie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of American Society for information Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410910952384","article-title":"Dimensions of tasks: influences on information-seeking and retrieving process","volume":"65","author":"Xie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"c","key":"2026040901114134400_ref391","first-page":"1","article-title":"A User-centered Design Study in Scientific Visualization Targeting Domain Experts","volume":"2626","author":"Ye","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"},{"issue":"EICS","key":"2026040901114134400_ref392","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/3331161","article-title":"Context- and Data-Driven Satisfaction Analysis of User Interface Adaptations Based on Instant User Feedback","volume":"3","author":"Yigitbas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026040901114134400_ref393","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2016.08.006","article-title":"An exploratory study of library website accessibility for visually impaired users","volume":"38","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Library & Information Science Research"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref394","first-page":"359","volume-title":"SIGIR Forum (ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval)","author":"Yuan","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref395","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. SIGIR \u201907","author":"Yuan","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref396","first-page":"820","article-title":"Modeling search processes using hidden states in collaborative exploratory web search","author":"Yue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref397","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1145\/2766462.2767697","article-title":"adaQAC: : Adaptive Query AutoCompletion via Implicit Negative Feedback","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 38th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR \u201915"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref398","first-page":"615","volume-title":"The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref399","first-page":"1","article-title":"Beyond Query-Oriented Highlighting: Investigating the Effect of Snippet Text Highlighting in Search User Behavior","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1145\/3383583.3398532","volume-title":"Proceedings of ACM\/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries in 2020","author":"Zhang","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040901114134400_ref401","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2019 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. CHIIR \u201919","author":"Zhang","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Information Retrieval"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ftinr\/article-pdf\/15\/3-4\/243\/11100855\/1500000073en.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ftinr\/article-pdf\/15\/3-4\/243\/11100855\/1500000073en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T14:32:12Z","timestamp":1777473132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ftinr\/article\/15\/3-4\/243\/1330391\/Search-Interface-Design-and-Evaluation"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"references-count":401,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1561\/1500000073","relation":{},"ISSN":["1554-0669","1554-0677"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1554-0669","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-0677","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]}}}