{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T02:45:49Z","timestamp":1777776349273,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":916,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2-3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of approaches, evaluation methods, and ethical considerations in explainable and interactive systems for robotic applications, distinctly focusing on intelligent systems that are specifically designed for learning automated agents. Given the increasing integration of robots in daily life, it is crucial to focus on intelligent systems that can not only learn and adapt, but can also offer clarity and comprehension for their actions. The interactive component of these systems is thoroughly examined, evaluating the algorithms, the modalities used in interaction, and the significance of mixed-initiative and shared autonomy. We spotlight adaptive and adaptable methods, emphasizing the centrality of user-inspired research and personalized approaches in interactive robotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A rigorous examination of safety and ethical considerations of these intelligent systems anchors the discussion, including aspects of transparency, privacy, accountability, biases, and psychological well-being. The review evaluates existing metrics and benchmarking standards for such systems and explores their practical applications across domains such as healthcare, domestic tasks, and industrial automation. Concluding with key insights and directions for future research, we provide design guidelines and points of consensus for each subject in order to equip readers with a nuanced understanding of current trends and tools in explainable and interactive robotic systems, paving the way for informed research and application in this dynamic field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1561\/2300000081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T04:46:59Z","timestamp":1717562819000},"page":"75-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interactive and Explainable Robot Learning: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Seraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Kin Man","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Zulfiqar","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Qingyu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Zhaoxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Sanne","family":"van Waveren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Pradyumna","family":"Tambwekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Paleja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Devleena","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Gombolay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology ,","place":["USA"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"2026040113120349500_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364910371999","article-title":"Autonomous Helicopter Aerobatics through Apprenticeship Learning","volume":"29","author":"Abbeel","year":"2010","journal-title":"The International Journal of Robotics Research"},{"key":"2026040113120349500_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1015330.1015430","article-title":"Apprenticeship learning via inverse reinforcement learning","author":"Abbeel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Twenty-first international conference on Machine learning - ICML \u201904"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026040113120349500_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2018.2791570","article-title":"A Topology of Shared Control Systems\u2014Finding Common Ground in Diversity","volume":"48","author":"Abbink","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems"},{"key":"2026040113120349500_ref004","article-title":"i-Sim2Real: Reinforcement Learning of Robotic Policies in Tight Human-Robot Interaction Loops","author":"Abeyruwan","year":"2022"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026040113120349500_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1108\/IR-07-2014-0363","article-title":"Solving peg-in-hole tasks by human demonstration and exception strategies","volume":"41","author":"Abu-Dakka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Industrial Robot: An International Journal"},{"key":"2026040113120349500_ref006","first-page":"22","article-title":"Constrained policy optimization","author":"Achiam","year":"2017","journal-title":"International conference on machine learning"},{"key":"2026040113120349500_ref007","article-title":"Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act","author":"Act","year":"2000","journal-title":"Department of Justice, Canada. 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