{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T14:34:24Z","timestamp":1788532464353,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Academy of Implant Dentistry","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The apically exposed implant in the maxillary sinus may contribute to sinus inflammation during the early healing phase or afterward. The exposed surface of the implant can act as a reservoir for infectious agents. This case report presents 2 cases in which an intraoral approach was used to manage maxillary sinus infections related to exposed implants within the sinus. In both cases, bony access windows were created on the lateral wall of the sinus to reach the apically exposed portion of the implant. In case 1, mechanical (titanium curettes and a rotating titanium brush) and chemical decontamination (tetracycline HCl solution-soaked cotton pellets) were performed. In contrast, case 2 involved chemical decontamination performed only after removing inflammatory tissues and fluids. Following treatment, the patient\u2019s sinonasal symptoms completely resolved. Radiographic evaluations showed a significant reduction in mucosal thickening and bone formation around the exposed portion of the implant. Intrasinus decontamination may be viable for treating infected maxillary sinuses related to apically exposed implants. The current protocol should be verified in more cases with longer term follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1563\/aaid-joi-d-24-00224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T19:57:51Z","timestamp":1740081471000},"page":"159-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intrasinus Decontamination for Maxillary Sinus Infection Related to the Apically Exposed Implant in the Sinus: A Report of Two Cases"],"prefix":"10.1563","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Won-Bae","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice in Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borvornwut","family":"Buranawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Implant Dentistry and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry and Research Unit in Innovations in Periodontics, Oral Surgery and Advanced Technology in Implant Dentistry, Thammasat University, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Il","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Kyung Hee University, College of Dentistry, Periodontal-Implant Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Chang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Implant Dentistry and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry and Research Unit in Innovations in Periodontics, Oral Surgery and Advanced Technology in Implant Dentistry, Thammasat University, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Kyung Hee University, College of Dentistry, Periodontal-Implant Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"434","reference":[{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b01","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"667","article-title":"Maxillary sinus floor elevation using the (transalveolar) osteotome technique with or without grafting material. 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Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2021;23:758\u2013768."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b12","series-title":"Int J Implant Dent","first-page":"6","article-title":"Influence of exposing dental implants into the sinus cavity on survival and complications rate: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Ragucci","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ragucci\n              GM\n            ,\nElnayefB,\nSuarez-Lopez Del AmoF,\nWangHL,\nHernandez-AlfaroF,\nGargallo-AlbiolJ.\n          Influence of exposing dental implants into the sinus cavity on survival and complications rate: a systematic review. Int J Implant Dent. 2019;5:6."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b13","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"511","article-title":"The prevalence of surgical complications of the sinus graft procedure and their impact on implant survival","volume":"75","author":"Schwartz-Arad","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schwartz-Arad\n              D\n            ,\nHerzbergR,\nDolevE.\n          The prevalence of surgical complications of the sinus graft procedure and their impact on implant survival. 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J Clin Med. 2020;9."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b17","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"1202","article-title":"Sinus floor elevation in sites with a perforated schneiderian membrane: what is the effect of placing a collagen membrane in a rabbit model","volume":"29","author":"Lim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lim\n              HC\n            ,\nSonY,\nHongJY,\nShinSI,\nJungUW,\nChungJH.\n          Sinus floor elevation in sites with a perforated schneiderian membrane: what is the effect of placing a collagen membrane in a rabbit model? Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29:1202\u20131211."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b18","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"237","article-title":"Features of odontogenic sinusitis associated with dental implants","volume":"133","author":"Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park\n              MJ\n            ,\nParkHI,\nAhnKM, et al.\n          Features of odontogenic sinusitis associated with dental implants. Laryngoscope. 2023;133:237\u2013243."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b19","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants","first-page":"1247","article-title":"Conflicts between histologic and clinical\/radiologic findings in functional endoscopic sinus surgery for managing maxillary sinusitis following sinus augmentation: a case report","volume":"34","author":"Lim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lim\n              HC\n            ,\nKimJH,\nChoiSH,\nYuJA,\nLeeDW.\n          Conflicts between histologic and clinical\/radiologic findings in functional endoscopic sinus surgery for managing maxillary sinusitis following sinus augmentation: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019;34:1247\u20131253."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b20","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"242","article-title":"Complication and salvage of sinus floor elevation in the maxillary sinus with asymptomatic and noncalcified fungus colonization: a case report","volume":"47","author":"Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park\n              WB\n            ,\nKimYJ,\nParkJS,\nHanJY,\nLimHC.\n          Complication and salvage of sinus floor elevation in the maxillary sinus with asymptomatic and noncalcified fungus colonization: a case report. J Oral Implantol. 2021;47:242\u2013248."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b21","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"491","article-title":"Successful management of apically exposed implants in the maxillary sinus and associated sinus pathologies via maxillary sinus floor augmentation","volume":"48","author":"Park","year":"2022","unstructured":"Park\n              WB\n            ,\nParkW,\nHanJY,\nKangP.\n          Successful management of apically exposed implants in the maxillary sinus and associated sinus pathologies via maxillary sinus floor augmentation. J Oral Implantol. 2022;48:491\u2013499."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b22","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"213","article-title":"a sinus floor reaugmentation technique around an apically exposed implant into the maxillary sinus","volume":"45","author":"Ueno","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ueno\n              D\n            ,\nBanbaN,\nHasuikeA,\nUedaK,\nKodamaT.\n          a sinus floor reaugmentation technique around an apically exposed implant into the maxillary sinus. J Oral Implantol. 2019;45:213\u2013217."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b23","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"623","article-title":"The treatment of sinusitis following maxillary sinus grafting with the association of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and an intra-oral approach","volume":"24","author":"Chiapasco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chiapasco\n              M\n            ,\nFelisatiG,\nZaniboniM,\nPipoloC,\nBorloniR,\nLozzaP.\n          The treatment of sinusitis following maxillary sinus grafting with the association of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and an intra-oral approach. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013;24:623\u2013629."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b24","series-title":"J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"87","article-title":"Treatment of dental implant-related maxillary sinusitis with functional endoscopic sinus surgery in combination with an intra-oral approach","volume":"40","author":"Nam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nam\n              KY\n            ,\nKimJB.\n          Treatment of dental implant-related maxillary sinusitis with functional endoscopic sinus surgery in combination with an intra-oral approach. 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J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23:767\u2013769."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b28","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"649","article-title":"Volume stability of the augmented sinus using a collagenated bovine bone mineral grafted in case of a perforated Schneiderian membrane: an experimental study in rabbits","volume":"47","author":"Paik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paik\n              JW\n            ,\nChaJK,\nPaengKW, et al.\n          Volume stability of the augmented sinus using a collagenated bovine bone mineral grafted in case of a perforated Schneiderian membrane: an experimental study in rabbits. 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Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2010;24:396\u2013401."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b32","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"694","article-title":"Mechanical and chemical implant decontamination in surgical peri-implantitis treatment: preclinical \u201cin vivo\u201d study","volume":"43","author":"Carral","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carral\n              C\n            ,\nMunozF,\nPermuyM,\nLinaresA,\nDardM,\nBlancoJ.\n          Mechanical and chemical implant decontamination in surgical peri-implantitis treatment: preclinical \u201cin vivo\u201d study. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43:694\u2013701."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b33","series-title":"J Clin Periodontol","first-page":"586","article-title":"The adjunctive effect of a titanium brush in implant surface decontamination at peri-implantitis surgical regenerative interventions: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"46","author":"de Tapia","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Tapia\n              B\n            ,\nVallesC,\nRibeiro-AmaralT, et al.\n          The adjunctive effect of a titanium brush in implant surface decontamination at peri-implantitis surgical regenerative interventions: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2019;46:586\u2013596."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b34","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"130","article-title":"Effects of titanium brush on machined and sand-blasted\/acid-etched titanium disc using confocal microscopy and contact profilometry","volume":"26","author":"Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park\n              JB\n            ,\nJeonY,\nKoY.\n          Effects of titanium brush on machined and sand-blasted\/acid-etched titanium disc using confocal microscopy and contact profilometry. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26:130\u2013136."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b35","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants","first-page":"449","article-title":"Incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of sinus graft infection after sinus floor elevation: a clinical study","volume":"27","author":"Urban","year":"2012","unstructured":"Urban\n              IA\n            ,\nNagurskyH,\nChurchC,\nLozadaJL.\n          Incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of sinus graft infection after sinus floor elevation: a clinical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27:449\u2013457."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b36","series-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)","article-title":"Local\/topical antibiotics for peri-implantitis treatment: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Passarelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Passarelli\n              PC\n            ,\nNettiA,\nLopezMA, et al.\n          Local\/topical antibiotics for peri-implantitis treatment: a systematic review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b37","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"995","article-title":"Microbiologic effect of two topical anti-infective treatments on ligature-induced peri-implantitis: a pilot study in dogs","volume":"89","author":"Ramos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramos\n              UD\n            ,\nSuaidF,\nWikesjoUME, et al.\n          Microbiologic effect of two topical anti-infective treatments on ligature-induced peri-implantitis: a pilot study in dogs. J Periodontol. 2018;89:995\u20131002."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b38","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"329","article-title":"Effects of decontamination solutions on the surface of titanium: investigation of surface morphology, composition, and roughness","volume":"27","author":"Wheelis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wheelis\n              SE\n            ,\nGindriIM,\nValderramaP,\nWilsonTGJr,HuangJ,\nRodriguesDC.\n          Effects of decontamination solutions on the surface of titanium: investigation of surface morphology, composition, and roughness. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27:329\u2013340."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b39","series-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)","article-title":"Atypical and late-developed sinus graft complications following maxillary sinus augmentation: successful management with guided bone regeneration","volume":"60","author":"Park","year":"2024","unstructured":"Park\n              WB\n            ,\nOkanyKP,\nParkW,\nHanJY,\nLimHC,\nKangP.\n          Atypical and late-developed sinus graft complications following maxillary sinus augmentation: successful management with guided bone regeneration. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60."},{"key":"i1548-1336-51-2-159-b40","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"263","article-title":"Successful management of late sinus graft infection via functional endoscopic sinus surgery and press-fit block bone graft: a case report","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park\n              WB\n            ,\nXuZ,\nLimHC,\nKangP.\n          Successful management of late sinus graft infection via functional endoscopic sinus surgery and press-fit block bone graft: a case report. J Oral Implantol. 2023;49:263\u2013270."}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Implantology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/joi.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/orim\/51\/2\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/joi\/article-pdf\/51\/2\/159\/3513171\/i1548-1336-51-2-159.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joi.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/orim\/51\/2\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joi.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/orim\/51\/2\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:31:32Z","timestamp":1757550692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/joi.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/orim\/51\/2\/article-p159.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1563\/aaid-joi-d-24-00224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1548-1336","0160-6972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1548-1336","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0160-6972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}}}