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03-14-2023)."},{"key":"29","unstructured":"[29] Digital Government Ministerial Meeting, \u201cDigital Government Action Plan,\u201d Cabinet Secretariat, 12-25-2020, https:\/\/warp.ndl.go.jp\/info:ndljp\/pid\/12251721\/www.kantei.go.jp\/jp\/singi\/it2\/dgov\/201225\/siryou4.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"30","unstructured":"[30] IT Comprehensive Strategy Headquarters, Strategic Conference for the Advancement of Public and Private Sector Data Utilization, \u201cDeclaration to be the World's Most Advanced Digital Nation and Basic Plan for the Advancement of Public and Private Sector Data Utilization,\u201d 6\/15\/2018, https:\/\/warp.ndl.go.jp\/info:ndljp\/pid\/12251721\/www.kantei.go.jp\/jp\/singi\/it2\/kettei\/pdf\/20180615\/siryou5.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"31","unstructured":"[31] IT Comprehensive Strategy Headquarters, Strategic Conference for the Advancement of Public and Private Sector Data Utilization, \u201cDeclaration to be the World's Most Advanced Digital Nation and Basic Plan for the Advancement of Public and Private Sector Data Utilization,\u201d Cabinet Secretariat, 7\/17\/2020, https:\/\/warp.ndl.go.jp\/info:ndljp\/pid\/12251721\/www.kantei.go.jp\/jp\/singi\/it2\/kettei\/pdf\/20200717\/siryou1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"32","unstructured":"[32] Cabinet Decision, \u201cBasic Policy on Reforms for the Realization of a Digital Society,\u201d Cabinet Secretariat, 12-25-2020, https:\/\/warp.ndl.go.jp\/info:ndljp\/pid\/12251721\/www.kantei.go.jp\/jp\/singi\/it2\/dgov\/201225\/siryou1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"33","unstructured":"[33] Cabinet Decision, \u201cPriority Policy Program for Realizing Digital Society,\u201d Cabinet Secretariat, 06-18-2021, https:\/\/warp.ndl.go.jp\/info:ndljp\/pid\/12251721\/www.kantei.go.jp\/jp\/singi\/it2\/kettei\/pdf\/20210618\/siryou1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"34","unstructured":"[34] Cyber Security Division, Commerce and Information Policy Bureau, 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https:\/\/www.c-a-c.jp\/pdf\/download\/guideline_ver1.7.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"72","unstructured":"[72] Drug Evaluation Committee Electronic Information Subcommittee Task Force, \u201cBasic Approach to Electronic Regulatory Compliance, including \u2018Use of Electromagnetic Records and Electronic Signatures for Applications for Approval or Licensing of Drugs, etc.,\u2019 4th Edition\u201d Drug Evaluation Committee, 03-13-2020, https:\/\/www.jpma.or.jp\/information\/evaluation\/results\/allotment\/lofurc000000b4lc-att\/eres_concept_01.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"73","unstructured":"[73] JIIMA Architectural Market Committee, Guidelines Study Group, \u201cGuidelines for the Creation and Long-Term Preservation of Design Documents in Electromagnetic Records for Architectural Design Work Ver. 1.2,\u201d JIIMA, 11-20-2019, https:\/\/www.jiima.or.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/policy\/kenchiku_denshika_vol1.2_201911.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"74","unstructured":"[74] JIIMA Policy Advocacy Project\/Task Force for Enhancing Reliability of Electronic Documents, \u201cGuidelines for Enhancing Reliability of Electronic Documents, Version 1,\u201d JIIMA, 03-28-2019, https:\/\/www.jiima.or.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/policy\/190328_denshibunsho_sinraiseikoujou_guideline_V1_1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"75","unstructured":"[75] Liaison Conference of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) of Ministries and Agencies, \u201cGuidelines for Online Identity Confirmation Methods in Administrative Procedures,\u201d Cabinet Secretariat, 02-25-2019, https:\/\/www8.cao.go.jp\/kisei-kaikaku\/suishin\/meeting\/bukai\/20190311\/190311bukai07.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"76","unstructured":"[76] JAHIS Health Care System Subcommittee, Security Committee, \u201cElectronic Signature Standard for Medical Documents Using JAHIS Healthcare PKI Ver.2.0,\u201d JAHIS, 02-2019, https:\/\/www.jahis.jp\/files\/user\/04_JAHIS%20standard\/18-006_JAHIS%E3%83%98%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B1%E3%82%A2PKI%E3%82%92%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E5%8C%BB%E7%99%82%E6%96%87%E6%9B%B8%E3%81%AB%E5%AF%BE%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E7%BD%B2%E5%90%8D%E8%A6%8F%E6%A0%BCVer.2.0.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"77","unstructured":"[77] JIIMA Market Development Committee Medical WG, \u201cOperational Management Rules for Digitization and Storage of Medical Documents by Scanner, Version 1,\u201d JIIMA, 10-01-2018, https:\/\/www.jiima.or.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/policy\/iryou_denshikaunyoukitei_v1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"78","unstructured":"[78] JAHIS Health Care System Subcommittee, Security Committee, Electronic Preservation WG, \u201cGuidelines for Electronic Preservation of Medical Records, etc., which are Mandated to be Preserved, Ver. 3.3 Corresponding to the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's Guidelines for the Safety Management of Medical Information Systems, 5th Edition,\u201d JAHIS, 12-2017, https:\/\/www.jahis.jp\/files\/user\/04_JAHIS%20standard\/17-008_JAHIS%E4%BF%9D%E5%AD%98%E3%81%8C%E7%BE%A9%E5%8B%99%E4%BB%98%E3%81%91%E3%82%89%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E8%A8%BA%E7%99%82%E9%8C%B2%E7%AD%89%E3%81%AE%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%9D%E5%AD%98%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3Ver.3.3.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"79","unstructured":"[79] Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, \u201cGuidelines for Private Sector Operators for the Use of Public Personal Certification Services-Version 1.1-,\u201d Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, 09-2015, https:\/\/www.soumu.go.jp\/main_content\/000400619.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"80","unstructured":"[80] JAHIS Health Care System Subcommittee, Security Committee, \u201cJAHIS HPKI e-Authentication Guideline V1.1,\u201d JAHIS, 09-2014, https:\/\/www.jahis.jp\/files\/user\/04_JAHIS%20standard\/14-005_JAHIS%20HPKI%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%AA%8D%E8%A8%BC%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3V1.1.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"81","unstructured":"[81] Trust Services Promotion Forum, Certification Authority Conference, \u201cCommentary on Q&A with the Three Competent Ministries (related to Article 3 of the Electronic Signature Act),\u201d Trust Services Promotion Forum, Electronic Certification Authorities Conference, 02-19-2021, https:\/\/jdtf.or.jp\/report\/tsf\/file\/tsf\/202102_%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%99%E4%B8%89%E7%9C%81Q%26A_%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E7%BD%B2%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95%E7%AC%AC3%E6%9D%A1%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"82","unstructured":"[82] JT2A Authenticity Assurance Task Force, \u201cCommentary on Authenticity Assurance in Private Electronic Services,\u201d JT2A, 11-2019, https:\/\/www.jnsa.org\/result\/jt2a\/data\/tf_2019.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"83","unstructured":"[83] JIIMA Legal Committee, \u201cCommentary on Article 10 of the Electronic Bookkeeping Law \u2018Preservation of Electromagnetic Records Related to Transaction Information of Electronic Transactions\u2019, 2nd Edition,\u201d JIIMA, 10-05-2016, https:\/\/www.jiima.or.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/policy\/denchohou_kaisetusho_vol2_201610.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"84","unstructured":"[84] S. Haga and K. Omote, \u201cBlockchain-based autonomous notarization system using national IC card,\u201d Proc. 2021 Computer Security Symposium, pp.1108-1115, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"85","unstructured":"[85] T. Yamanaka, N. Matsuda, and K. Miyazaki, \u201cSecurity evaluation of trustworthy system supporting server signing with threshold signature scheme,\u201d Proc. 2021 Computer Security Symposium, pp.514-521, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"86","unstructured":"[86] T. Koji. \u201cInterpretation of the electronic signature act: With a particular focus on server-based signatures (remote first-person signatures and third-party signatures),\u201d the Doshisha Hogaku, vol.73, no.2, pp.169-198, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"87","unstructured":"[87] M. Shimizu, \u201cA study on the legal application of cryptocurrency, blockchain, including the expansion of NFT,\u201d Chuo-Gakuin University Review of Faculty of Law, vol.35, no.1, pp.25-32, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[88] A. Nishiyama, \u201cUsability of trust services in the digital society after the abolition of sealing,\u201d Journal of the Japanese Society for Security Management, vol.34, no.3, pp.22-32, 2021 (in Japanese). 10.32230\/jssmjournal.34.3_22","DOI":"10.32230\/jssmjournal.34.3_22"},{"key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[89] K. Shibata, \u201cSealing culture in a paper based society and trust services in a digital society,\u201d Journal of Japan Society for Security Management, vol.34, no.3, pp.33-38, 2021 (in Japanese). 10.32230\/jssmjournal.34.3_33","DOI":"10.32230\/jssmjournal.34.3_33"},{"key":"90","unstructured":"[90] K. Nanato, \u201cReal estate registration procedure and certification of seal and electronic certification,\u201d Monthly Report of the Shihoshoshi, no.588, pp.4-14, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[91] A. Suzuki, \u201cOverview and issues of electronic contracts and digital signatures,\u201d Issue Brief of National Diet Library, no.1135, pp.1-14, 2021 (in Japanese).","DOI":"10.46895\/lis.14.1"},{"key":"92","unstructured":"[92] N. Kikuchi, \u201cElectronic contracts and challenges for businesses associated with the spread of COVID-19 infection: Focusing on electronic signatures under the electronic signature act,\u201d University of Kochi Journal of Cultural Studies, vol.9, no.9, pp.71-82, 2021 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"93","unstructured":"[93] H. Miyauchi, \u201cOrganizing public authentication systems for electronic documents,\u201d Business Guide, no.10, 2020 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[94] G. Hanaoka, \u201cCryptographic hash functions and electronic signatures,\u201d IEICE Communications Society Magazine, vol.14, no.1, pp.34-37, 2020 (in Japanese). 10.1587\/bplus.14.34","DOI":"10.1587\/bplus.14.34"},{"key":"95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[95] M. Yamada, \u201cLegal issues and solutions thereof relating to blockchain technology,\u201d Journal of Science Policy and Research Management, vol.34, no.4, pp.388-403, 2019 (in Japanese). 10.20801\/jsrpim.34.4_388","DOI":"10.20801\/jsrpim.34.4_388"},{"key":"96","unstructured":"[96] H. Ogawa, K. Miyazaki, M. Sato, N. Miyaji, and H. Masamoto, \u201cDigital signatures supporting trust in digital society,\u201d Digital Practice, vol.9, no.3, pp.643-658, Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ), 2018 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[97] D. Murakami, \u201cConsideration in vital importance of electronic data utilization in the digitized big data era,\u201d PDA Journal of GMP and Validation in Japan, vol.20, no.1, pp.11-17, 2018 (in Japanese). 10.11347\/pda.20.11","DOI":"10.11347\/pda.20.11"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[98] Y. Kuramoto, Y. Nakanishi, K. Udo, Y. Iwasaki, S. St Martin Carlisle, and M. Otsuka, \u201cA medical paper questionnaire scanning and verification system for secondary usage,\u201d Japan Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.38, no.2, pp.115-124, 2018 (in Japanese). 10.14948\/jami.38.115","DOI":"10.14948\/jami.38.115"},{"key":"99","unstructured":"[99] K. Nagashima, \u201cLegal problems of the electronic medical record in civil suits,\u201d The Meiji Law Review, vol.90, no.4&5, pp.99-134, 2018 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[100] H. Nakagawa and K. Tsujioka, \u201cA method of the verification of the long-term electronic signature format in the alteration of the system,\u201d Japan Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.37, no.4, pp.179-185, 2017 (in Japanese). 10.14948\/jami.37.179","DOI":"10.14948\/jami.37.179"},{"key":"101","unstructured":"[101] K. Nagata, J. Li, K. Fukuda, Y. Iwamaru, E. Niwano, M. Yanaiida, N. Taira, H. Suzuki, T. Oo, and E. Oyama, \u201cA study on a method of identity verification in blockchains,\u201d IPSJ SIG Technical Reports on Computer Security (CSEC), vol.2017-CSEC-76, no.19, pp.1-6, 2017 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"102","unstructured":"[102] Cloud CSV Group, Electronic Records and Electronic Signature Committee, Japan PDA Pharmaceutical Society, \u201cPractice for CSV of cloud-based GxP business systems,\u201d PDA Journal of GMP and Validation in Japan, vol.18, no.2, pp.25-32, 2016 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"103","unstructured":"[103] K. Fukuda, K. Nagata, T. Koo, H. Suzuki, N. Taira, and N. Oyama, \u201cA study on utilizing the public certification service for individuals in the qualification of medical insurance,\u201d IEICE Tech. Rep., vol.116, no.23, LOIS2016-1, pp.1-6, 2016 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"104","unstructured":"[104] S. Tezuka, \u201cA wonderful encounter between cryptography and society: 1. \u201cMyNumber\u201d and electronic signature, authentication,\u201d IPSJ Magazine, vol.56, no.11, pp.1058-1063, 2015 (in Japanese)."},{"key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[105] T. Nakajima, M. Kondo, and K. Fujioka, \u201cDigitalization of clinical trial procedures,\u201d Regulatory Science of Medical Products, vol.5, no.1, pp.29-36, 2015 (in Japanese). 10.14982\/rsmp.5.29","DOI":"10.14982\/rsmp.5.29"},{"key":"106","unstructured":"[106] Study Group for the Review of Written, Sealed, and Face-to-Face Procedures in the Financial Industry, \u201cDiscussion Paper for Review of Written, Sealed, and Face-to-Face Procedures,\u201d Financial Services Agency, 12-25-2020, https:\/\/www.fsa.go.jp\/singi\/shomen_oin\/shiryou\/20201225\/01.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"107","unstructured":"[107] Boston Consulting Group, \u201cStatus Report on Interviews and Questionnaire Survey on Trust Services,\u201d Sub-working Group for Trust-Assured Digital Transformation (DX) (2nd meeting), 12-13-2021, https:\/\/www.digital.go.jp\/assets\/contents\/node\/basic_page\/field_ref_resources\/35c2afb2-01d8-49b4-b0a8-2cc656d1733e\/20211213_meeting_trust_dx_02.pdf (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."},{"key":"108","unstructured":"[108] e-Gov Electronic Application, \u201cCertificate Authority Information,\u201d https:\/\/shinsei.e-gov.go.jp\/contents\/preparation\/certificate\/certification-authority.html (Date accessed 03-14-2023)."}],"container-title":["IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/transinf\/E106.D\/9\/E106.D_2022OFI0001\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T04:58:52Z","timestamp":1715576332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/transinf\/E106.D\/9\/E106.D_2022OFI0001\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1587\/transinf.2022ofi0001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-8532","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-1361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"article-number":"2022OFI0001"}}