{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T16:59:54Z","timestamp":1769101194206,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Society of Physical Therapy Science","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Phys Ther Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T11:01:29Z","timestamp":1427886089000},"page":"733-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of gait training with horizontal impeding force on gait and balance of stroke patients"],"prefix":"10.1589","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kyung-Pil","family":"Na","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You Lim","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suk Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"533","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"1) Ng MF, Tong RK, Li LS: A pilot study of randomized clinical controlled trial of gait training in subacute stroke patients with partial body-weight support electromechanical gait trainer and functional electrical stimulation: six-month follow-up. Stroke, 2008, 39: 154\u2013160.","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.495705"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Fernandes MR, Carvalho LB, Prado GF: A functional electric orthesis on the paretic leg improves quality of life of stroke patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 2006, 64: 20\u201323.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2006000100005"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Bohannon RW, Horton MG, Wikholm JB: Importance of four variables of walking to patients with stroke. Int J Rehabil Res, 1991, 14: 246\u2013250.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-199109000-00010"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4) Laufer Y, Dickstein R, Chefez Y, et al.: The effect of treadmill training on the ambulation of stroke survivors in the early stages of rehabilitation: a randomized study. J Rehabil Res Dev, 2001, 38: 69\u201378."},{"key":"5","unstructured":"5) Kim HS, Yoon HJ, Ryu JS, et al.: The three dimensional analysis of the upper body\u2019s segments of the elderly during walking. 2004 Korean SocSports Biomech, 2004, 14: 1\u201315."},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Bae YS: Age-related change of upper body contribution to walking speed. Korean Soc Sports Biomech, 2007, 17: 27\u201336.","DOI":"10.5103\/KJSB.2007.17.4.027"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"7) Kim DY, Park CI, Jang YW, et al.: Trunk kinematic analysis in hemiplegic gait. Korean J Stroke, 2004, 9: 128\u2013133."},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Kim CS, Gong WT, Kim SG: The effects of lower extremity muscle strengthening exercise and treadmill walking exercise on the gait and balance of stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 2011, 23: 405\u2013408.","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.23.405"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Park JH, Hwangbo G, Kim JS: The effect of treadmill-based incremental leg weight loading training on the balance of stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 2014, 26: 235\u2013237.","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.26.235"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Lam T, Luttmann K, Houldin A, et al.: Treadmill-based locomotor training with leg weights to enhance functional ambulation in people with chronic stroke: a pilot study. J Neurol Phys Ther, 2009, 33: 129\u2013135.","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e3181b57de5"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Park SE, Kim SH, Lee SB, et al.: Comparison of underwater and overground treadmill walking to improve gait pattern and muscle strength after stroke. J Phys Ther Sci, 2012, 24: 1087\u20131090.","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.24.1087"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) Lloyd BB, Zacks RM: The mechanical efficiency of treadmill running against a horizontal impeding force. J Physiol, 1972, 223: 355\u2013363.","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009851"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Chang YH, Kram R: Metabolic cost of generating horizontal forces during human running. J Appl Physiol 1985, 1999, 86: 1657\u20131662.","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.86.5.1657"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) J\u00f6bges M, Heuschkel G, Pretzel C, et al.: Repetitive training of compensatory steps: a therapeutic approach for postural instability in Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2004, 75: 1682\u20131687.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.016550"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Gottschall JS, Kram R: Energy cost and muscular activity required for propulsion during walking. J Appl Physiol 1985, 2003, 94: 1766\u20131772.","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00670.2002"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Kurz MJ, Stergiou N: Do horizontal propulsive forces influence the nonlinear structure of locomotion? J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2007, 4: 30.","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-4-30"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17) Bartlett JL, Kram R: Changing the demand on specific muscle groups affects the walk-run transition speed. J Exp Biol, 2008, 211: 1281\u20131288.","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.011932"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Helseth J, Hortob\u00e1gyi T, Devita P: How do low horizontal forces produce disproportionately high torques in human locomotion? J Biomech, 2008, 41: 1747\u20131753.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.02.018"},{"key":"19","unstructured":"19) Kim HH, Huh JG, Yeong YA: Effects of treadmill gait training on gait patterns in hemiplegic patients: comparison with conventional gait training. Korean Soci Phys Ther, 2003, 10: 17\u201328."},{"key":"20","unstructured":"20) Kim NJ: Task-oriented Progressive Load Finctional Training Improves Functional Ability in Patients with Chronic Stroke. Sahmyook University, 2008."},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Richards CL, Malouin F, Wood-Dauphinee S, et al.: Task-specific physical therapy for optimization of gait recovery in acute stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1993, 74: 612\u2013620.","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90159-8"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Robinett CS, Vondran MA: Functional ambulation velocity and distance requirements in rural and urban communities. A clinical report. Phys Ther, 1988, 68: 1371\u20131373.","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/68.9.1371"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"23) Perry J, Garrett M, Gronley JK, et al.: Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population. Stroke, 1995, 26: 982\u2013989.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.6.982"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Hesse S, Werner C, Paul T, et al.: Influence of walking speed on lower limb muscle activity and energy consumption during treadmill walking of hemiparetic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2001, 82: 1547\u20131550.","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.26607"},{"key":"25","unstructured":"25) Choi HH, Lee TY, Jang MJ: The effect of two types of treadmill walking exercise on gait in ambulatory chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. Korean J Sports Med, 2009, 27: 111\u2013121."},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Podsiadlo D, Richardson S: The timed \u201cUp & Go\u201d: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1991, 39: 142\u2013148.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Bogle Thorbahn LD, Newton RA: Use of the Berg Balance Test to predict falls in elderly persons. Phys Ther, 1996, 76: 576\u2013583, discussion 584\u2013585.","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/76.6.576"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Kornetti DL, Fritz SL, Chiu YP, et al.: Rating scale analysis of the Berg Balance Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85: 1128\u20131135.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.11.019"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Stevenson TJ: Detecting change in patients with stroke using the Berg Balance Scale. Aust J Physiother, 2001, 47: 29\u201338.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60296-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Physical Therapy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jpts\/27\/3\/27_jpts-2014-573\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T14:39:19Z","timestamp":1566484759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jpts\/27\/3\/27_jpts-2014-573\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1589\/jpts.27.733","relation":{},"ISSN":["0915-5287","2187-5626"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0915-5287","type":"print"},{"value":"2187-5626","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}