{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T22:21:10Z","timestamp":1783549270528,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem related to the aging of the population, and it is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is related to substantial morbidity, mortality and impairment of the quality of life. Estrogen deficiency is the major contributing factor to bone loss after menopause. The lifetime fracture risk at 50 years of age is about 50% in women. The aim of the treatment of osteoporosis is to prevent fractures. Non-pharmacological treatment involves a healthy diet, prevention of falls, and physical exercise programs. Pharmacological treatment includes calcium, vitamin D, and active medication for bone tissue such, as anti-resorptives (i.e., SERMs, hormonal replacement therapy, bisphosphonates, denosumab), bone formers (teriparatide), and mixed agents (strontium ranelate). Bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronate) are the most used anti-resorptive agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. Poor compliance, drug intolerance, and adverse effects can limit the benefits of the treatment. Based on the knowledge on bone cells signaling, novel drugs were developed and are being assessed in clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-2730000003039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,12]],"date-time":"2014-05-12T12:58:40Z","timestamp":1399899520000},"page":"162-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["An overview on the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Sergio Setsuo","family":"Maeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marise","family":"Lazaretti-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gme.0000222475.93345.b3","article-title":"Management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: 2006 position statement of The North American Menopause Society","volume":"13","year":"2006","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622200","article-title":"Assessment of fracture risk and its applications to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis: synopsis of a WHO report","volume":"4","author":"Kanis JA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302010000200012","article-title":"Epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures in Brazil: what we have and what we need","volume":"54","author":"Pinheiro MM","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","first-page":"938","article-title":"Resource utilization in postmenopausal osteoporosis without incident fractures","volume":"31","author":"Kowalski SC","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Reumathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref5","first-page":"897","article-title":"Cost of osteoporotic hip fractures in the Brazilian private health care system","volume":"49","author":"Araujo DV","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref6","first-page":"1106","article-title":"High morbid-mortability and reduced level of osteoporosis diagnosis among elderly people who had hip fractures in S\u00e3o Paulo City","volume":"52","author":"Fortes EM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2012.02.007","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women: an update","volume":"22","author":"Daroszewska A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302010000200013","article-title":"Physical approach for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"54","author":"Lirani-Galv\u00e3o APR","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D","year":"2011"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref10","article-title":"Nutrient intakes related to osteoporotic fractures in men and women -- the Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS)","volume":"8","author":"Pinheiro MM","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref11","first-page":"343","article-title":"Consenso brasileiro de osteoporose 2002","volume":"42","author":"Pinto AM","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. 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