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Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"],"abstract":"<jats:p> BACKGROUND  Dermatomycoses are caused by various fungi, including dermatophytes and Candida species, which are the most prevalent in isolated or associated forms. A great number of virulence factors expressed by these fungi are important for infection, and biofilm formation leads to the persistence of these infections.  OBJECTIVES  This work aimed to evaluate the dynamics of Candida albicans filamentation genes in biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum.  METHODS  The effect of the supernatants on the biofilms was assessed by XTT reduction assay, confocal microscopy, and gene expression profile analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).  FINDINGS  The supernatants did not reduce the metabolic activities or damage the topography of the monospecies biofilms but caused a reduction in their thickness. The filamentation of C. albicans was inhibited when both fungi were cultivated directly. The filamentation genes studied (CPH1, HWP1, and EFG1) were negatively modulated in C. albicans.  MAIN CONCLUSIONS  Our findings suggest that the antagonistic relationship shown by T. rubrum against C. albicans may be attributed to alterations of C. albicans filamentous genes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760240221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T11:20:08Z","timestamp":1751023208000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trichophyton rubrum inhibits Candida albicans filamentation and its gene expression when grown in biofilms in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"N\u00edura Madalena","family":"Bila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil; Universidade Eduardo Mondlane,  Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina Orlando","family":"Vaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenyffie Ara\u00fajo","family":"Beliz\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana M Santoni","family":"Biasioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Marisa","family":"Fusco-Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis R","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry,  USA; University of Florida,  USA; University of Florida,  USA; University of Florida,  USA; University of Florida,  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline 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Candida albicans virulence factors in vitro and modulates immune system in Galleria mellonella","author":"Ribeiro FC","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-017-0500-4","article-title":"Candida krusei and Candida glabrata reduce the filamentation of Candida albicans by downregulating expression of HWP1 gene","author":"de Barros PP","year":"2017","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol (Praha)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7527-3","article-title":"Probiotic lactobacilli inhibit early stages of Candida albicans biofilm development by reducing their growth, cell adhesion, and filamentation","author":"Matsubara VH","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00526-12","article-title":"Control of Candida albicans metabolism and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenazines","author":"Morales 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