{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:26:28Z","timestamp":1787570788152,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union (EU) Operational Programme Just Transition","award":["CZ.10.03.01\/00\/22_003\/0000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.10.03.01\/00\/22_003\/0000003"]}]},{"name":"European Union (EU) Operational Programme Just Transition","award":["125012800894-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["125012800894-6"]}]},{"name":"State Assignment for the Zoological Institute RAS","award":["CZ.10.03.01\/00\/22_003\/0000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.10.03.01\/00\/22_003\/0000003"]}]},{"name":"State Assignment for the Zoological Institute RAS","award":["125012800894-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["125012800894-6"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND Blechomonas spp. are flea-specific monoxenous trypanosomatids, whose biology, host range, and geographic distribution remain poorly understood, even for species inhabiting ubiquitous cat and dog fleas.  OBJECTIVES To isolate and characterise blechomonads from fleas of domestic dogs in Brazil, focusing on culture growth, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships.  METHODS Fleas collected from dogs in Sabar\u00e1, Brazil, were morphologically identified and screened by cultivation. The isolate FL-1 was analysed for temperature-dependent growth, morphology, and phylogeny using 18S rRNA and gGAPDH sequences, including those mined from public metagenomic datasets.  FINDINGS Of 340 fleas (four per pool), only one culture tested positive. Growth was optimal at 25\u00baC, reduced at 30\u00baC, and absent at 35\u00baC. Four cell types were revealed, including a predominant \u201curomonad\u201d stage specialised for attachment and aggregation. Phylogenetic analyses placed the isolate within Blechomonas campbelli and indicated that this species and Blechomonas lauriereadi occur in Ctenocephalides spp. from multiple continents.  MAIN CONCLUSIONS Blechomonas campbelli exhibits developmental adaptations to the flea gut and limited tolerance to elevated temperatures, constraining its potential to persist in warm-blooded hosts. These findings highlight the value of combining culture-based and in silico approaches to investigate flea-associated trypanosomatids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760250286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:07:17Z","timestamp":1787569637000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blechomonas campbelli from Ctenocephalides felis: in vitro development, thermotolerance, and phylogenetic insights"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Let\u00edcia Gracielle T\u00f4rres de Miranda","family":"Estevam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1516-437X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexei Yu","family":"Kostygov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ostrava,  Czechia; Russian Academy of Sciences,  Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2799-8267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Dutra-R\u00eago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Luiza Moreira","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Andrade","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Cristina Vianna Mariano da Rocha","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Moreira de","family":"Avelar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg\u00f3rio Guilherme","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Dilermando","family":"Andrade Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyacheslav","family":"Yurchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ostrava,  Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Fontes","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz,  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