{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:51:20Z","timestamp":1792788680627,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","award":["ISCIII-PFIS TRPY-218\/23-PFIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISCIII-PFIS TRPY-218\/23-PFIS"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","award":["CIBERINFEC CB21\/13\/00120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBERINFEC CB21\/13\/00120"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center of Infectious Diseases","award":["ISCIII-PFIS TRPY-218\/23-PFIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISCIII-PFIS TRPY-218\/23-PFIS"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center of Infectious Diseases","award":["CIBERINFEC CB21\/13\/00120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBERINFEC CB21\/13\/00120"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND  In recent years, traditional point-of-care tests (POCTs) for diagnosing human filariasis have demonstrated substantial limitations, raising concerns regarding their reliability in the current epidemiological context, in which numerous countries are approaching the elimination of human filariasis. Consequently, there is a need for new molecular tests that allow the simultaneous and reliable detection of multiple human filarial species, even in cases of very low microfilaremia.  OBJECTIVES  The objective of this study was to convert the Fn-PCR from its original manual format to the new gelified tube-filarial-nested polymerase chain reaction (Gel-Fn-PCR), which overcomes some of the disadvantages of traditional molecular techniques thanks to its gelified tube format.  METHODS  A total of 661 dried blood spots, along with their corresponding stained blood smears, were employed for the optimisation and validation processes. The results of the Gel-Fn-PCR were compared to the microscopic diagnosis.  FINDINGS  The Gel-Fn-PCR demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for single-species infections (91.6% and 83.0% for Loa loa, and 95.0% and 97.7% for Mansonella perstans, respectively). However, for mixed infections, the sensitivity was low (43.9%), while specificity remained high (99.0%).  MAIN CONCLUSIONS The assay proved to be effective for diagnosing single-species infections, even in cases with very low microfilaremia; however, its performance in identifying mixed infections was reduced, particularly when one species was present in much higher abundance than the other. Although not yet feasible as a fully deployable POCT, this study demonstrates the potential of integrating gelification with PCR for human filariasis diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760250337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:55:18Z","timestamp":1790358918000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pan filarial-nested PCR with gelified tubes: a new approach towards point-of-care testing for human filariasis"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Capote-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking 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Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akeem Abiodun","family":"Akindele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ladoke Akintola University of Technology","place":["Ogbomoso, Nigeria"]},{"name":"Ladoke Akintola University of Technology","place":["Ogbomoso, Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olusola","family":"Ojurongbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ladoke Akintola University of Technology","place":["Ogbomoso, Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7058-4839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thuy-Huong","family":"Ta-Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Centre of Infectious Diseases","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90091-4","article-title":"Specificity and sensitivity of a rapid dipstick test (Brugia Rapid) in the detection of Brugia malayi infection","volume":"95","author":"Rahmah N","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2024.e00352","article-title":"Field sensitivity and specificity of the SD BIOLINE onchocerciasis IgG4 Rapid Diagnostic Test in children < 10 years old from endemic areas in Burkina Faso","volume":"25","author":"Niki\u00e8ma AS","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasit Epidemiol Control"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0089","article-title":"Laboratory and field 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