{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:53:19Z","timestamp":1792788799434,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CNPq","award":["314957\/2023-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314957\/2023-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND Understanding ecological relationships among species and their pathogens is essential for assessing disease dynamics and associated risks to human, animal, and environmental health. Some haematophagous ceratopogonid species feed on birds and may act as vectors for haemoparasites, viruses, and bacteria. However, no reports have documented these insects feeding within the internal organs of birds.  OBJECTIVES This study aims to describe the first recorded occurrence of ceratopogonids feeding within the respiratory system of debilitated kelp gulls and cormorants.  METHODS As part of the Beach Monitoring Project of the Santos Basin (PMP-BS Area SC\/PR - IBAMA - ABIO No. 640\/2015), we rescued debilitated coastal birds from the municipalities of S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul and Itapo\u00e1, in northern Santa Catarina State, Brazil, and examined the biting midges infesting them.  FINDINGS Approximately 18.2% (31\/172) of the kelp gulls and 15.8% (3\/19) of the cormorants analysed were infested internally with Leptoconops (Megaconops) floridensis Wirth and, in sporadic cases, with two species of Culicoides. Kelp gulls accounted for 91.2% of the infested birds (31\/34), and the trachea, air sacs, and lungs were the most frequently affected regions of the respiratory system (~83.9%).  MAIN CONCLUSIONS This is the first recorded occurrence of ceratopogonids feeding within the innermost part of the avian respiratory system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760260021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:29:08Z","timestamp":1790353748000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new look at the feeding behaviour of haematophagous Diptera: the biting habits of Leptoconops (Megaconops) floridensis Wirth (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9701-8236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia Gaglianone","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]},{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenyffer Vierheller","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]},{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natacha Zimmermann dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Leite","family":"Sforcin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Felipe de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lio Gon\u00e7ales","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoela LP","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Kelly","family":"Krassota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara Alves","family":"Santar\u00e9m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz","place":["Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luiza","family":"Felippe-Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz","place":["Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta Jussara","family":"Cremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]},{"name":"Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville","place":["S\u00e3o Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"479","article-title":"Infectious diseases: Parasites","volume":"3","author":"Schuster R","year":"2016","journal-title":"Avian 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