{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T09:18:28Z","timestamp":1781169508436,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiol Bras"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Gastrointestinal bleeding represents a common medical emergency, with considerable morbidity and mortality rates, and a prompt diagnosis is essential for a better prognosis. In such a context, endoscopy is the main diagnostic tool; however, in cases where the gastrointestinal hemorrhage is massive, the exact bleeding site might go undetected. In addition, a trained professional is not always present to perform the procedure. In an emergency setting, optical colonoscopy presents limitations connected with the absence of bowel preparation, so most of the small bowel cannot be assessed. Scintigraphy cannot accurately demonstrate the anatomic location of the bleeding and is not available at emergency settings. The use of capsule endoscopy is inappropriate in the acute setting, particularly in the emergency department at night, and is a highly expensive method. Digital angiography, despite its high sensitivity, is invasive, presents catheterization-related risks, in addition to its low availability at emergency settings. On the other hand, computed tomography angiography is fast, widely available and minimally invasive, emerging as a promising method in the diagnostic algorithm of these patients, being capable of determining the location and cause of bleeding with high accuracy. Based on a critical literature review and on their own experience, the authors propose a computed tomography angiography protocol to assess the patient with gastrointestinal bleeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2014.0014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,24]],"date-time":"2016-01-24T05:26:32Z","timestamp":1453613192000},"page":"381-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Computed tomography angiography in patients with active gastrointestinal bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Fatima Regina Silva","family":"Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Prando","family":"Cardia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Vera Cruz, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D'Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1339","article-title":"Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding in adults","volume":"71","author":"Manning-Dimmitt LL","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-39842012000200014","article-title":"Gastric arteriovenous malformation: treatment by embolization","volume":"45","author":"Bezerra KB","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiol Bras"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E35","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.313105206","article-title":"Multidetector CT angiography in acute gastrointestinal bleeding: why, when, and how","volume":"31","author":"Geffroy Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-008-9423-5","article-title":"The evaluation and management of obscure and occult gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"34","author":"Singh V","year":"2009","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-0907-z","article-title":"Detection and localization of acute upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with arterial phase multi-detector row helical CT","volume":"18","author":"Jaeckle T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-008-9437-z","article-title":"Pitfalls in detection of acute gastrointestinal bleeding with multi-detector row helical CT","volume":"34","author":"Stuber T","year":"2009","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1003","article-title":"Hemorrhages of the upper gastrointestinal tract. 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