{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:30Z","timestamp":1791849630675,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiol Bras"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Portal vein thrombosis refers to complete or partial obstruction of the portal venous system, in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic venous tract or even in the splenic or superior mesenteric veins. This common and potentially fatal condition can develop in various clinical contexts, especially those of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and other solid tumors. Certain characteristics, such as the time since the onset of the thrombus (acute or chronic), its biology (hematic or tumoral), the presence of collateral vessels, and the magnetic resonance imaging aspects, are important components of a thorough, careful analysis, as well as informing decisions regarding the appropriate therapeutic strategy. Here, we present a brief review of the anatomy of the portal venous system and a systematic approach to analyzing the condition, using a mnemonic (ABCD, for age, biology, collaterals, and diffusion). We discuss the various imaging methods and illustrate our discussion with images selected from the case files archived at our facility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2019.0109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T23:07:50Z","timestamp":1605913670000},"page":"424-429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The ABCD of portal vein thrombosis: a systematic approach"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9813-3076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Makoto","family":"Minoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3007-8402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raissa Brito Fernandes","family":"Cadete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5845-058X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara Reis","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4700-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valdair Francisco","family":"Muglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1158-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Elias Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0044-7278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9a Farias de","family":"Melo-Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.258","article-title":"Imaging in clinical decision-making for portal vein thrombosis","volume":"11","author":"Berzigotti A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.679","article-title":"Evaluation and management of acute and chronic portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Young K","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i2.143","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: insight into physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ponziani FR","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W81","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15928","article-title":"Characterization of portal vein thrombosis (neoplastic versus bland) on CT images using software-based texture analysis and thrombus density (Hounsfield units)","volume":"207","author":"Canellas R","year":"2016","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.11.013","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: the role of imaging in the clinical setting","volume":"49","author":"Margini C","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09090304","article-title":"Differentiation of malignant thrombus from bland thrombus of the portal vein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: application of diffusion-weighted MR imaging","volume":"254","author":"Catalano OA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-590","article-title":"Differentiation of bland from neoplastic thrombus of the portal vein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: application of susceptibility-weighted MR imaging","volume":"14","author":"Li C","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2015.0026","article-title":"Acquired portosystemic collaterals: anatomy and imaging","volume":"49","author":"Melo-Leite AF","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiol Bras"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.2176-7262.v37i3\/4p253-261","article-title":"Hipertens\u00e3o portal","volume":"37","author":"Martinelli ALC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medicina (Ribeir\u00e3o Preto)"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Atlas of human anatomy","author":"Netter FH","year":"1997","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.19548","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: imaging the spectrum of disease with an emphasis on MRI features","volume":"211","author":"Jha RC","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4103\/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_71_17","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: what surgeons need to know","volume":"8","author":"Quarrie R","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.10171","article-title":"Usefulness of conventional MRI sequences and diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating malignant from benign portal vein thrombus in cirrhotic patients","volume":"201","author":"Sandrasegaran K","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2019.07.008","article-title":"MRI in differentiating malignant versus benign portal vein thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: value of post contrast imaging with subtraction","volume":"118","author":"Gawande R","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"}],"container-title":["Radiologia Brasileira"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/rb\/v53n6\/0100-3984-rb-53-06-0424.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T01:19:44Z","timestamp":1697159984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-39842020000600424&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0100-39842020000600424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0100-3984.2019.0109","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-7099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1678-7099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}