{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T18:58:19Z","timestamp":1778612299886,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cad. Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Resumen: El art\u00edculo muestra el impacto directo e indirecto del COVID-19 en la esperanza de vida de Chile durante el a\u00f1o 2020, utilizando las estad\u00edsticas de defunciones definitivas publicadas en marzo del a\u00f1o 2023. Para ello, se estim\u00f3 una mortalidad contrafactual para a\u00f1o 2020 sin el COVID-19, siguiendo el patr\u00f3n de mortalidad seg\u00fan causas de muerte desde 1997 a 2019, se elaboraron tablas de mortalidad para calcular la esperanza de vida para los a\u00f1os 2015 a 2020 y para el a\u00f1o 2020 estimado, y luego se descompuso la diferencia entre la esperanza de vida esperada y observada del a\u00f1o 2020 seg\u00fan grupos de edad y causas de muerte. La esperanza de vida del a\u00f1o 2020 quiebra la tendencia a su aumento entre 2015 y 2019, mostrando un retroceso, en hombres y en mujeres, con respecto al a\u00f1o 2019, de 1,32 y 0,75 a\u00f1os respectivamente. Con respecto al a\u00f1o 2020 estimado, la esperanza de vida del 2020 observado es 1,51 a\u00f1os menor en hombres y 0,92 en mujeres, pero el impacto directo del COVID-19 en p\u00e9rdida de esperanza de vida fue mayor, 1,89 para los hombres y 1,5 para las mujeres, concentr\u00e1ndose en las edades entre los 60 y 84 a\u00f1os en hombres y entre 60 y 89 a\u00f1os en mujeres. El impacto directo negativo del COVID-19 a la esperanza de vida en parte fue contrarrestado por impactos indirectos positivos significativos en dos grupos de causas de muerte, las enfermedades del sistema respiratorio y las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias. El estudio muestra la necesidad de distinguir los impactos directos e indirectos del COVID-19, por la incidencia que pueden tener en la salud p\u00fablica cuando el COVID-19 baje su intensidad y se eliminen las restricciones de movilidad.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311xes182823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T10:38:29Z","timestamp":1716201509000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impacto directo e indirecto del COVID-19 en la esperanza de vida al nacer de Chile en el a\u00f1o 2020"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4771-4823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Gh\u00edo-Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edsticas de Chile,  Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0033-8920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Alegr\u00eda-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edsticas de Chile,  Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9007-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Garc\u00eda-Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National d\u2019\u00c9\u00e9tudes D\u00e9mographiques,  France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Chile, mortalidad desde 1955 a 1975: tendencia y causas","author":"Taucher E","year":"1978"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"141","article-title":"La mortalidad de adultos por enfermedades cr\u00f3nicas en Chile, 1968-1990","volume":"22","author":"Taucher E","year":"1994","journal-title":"Notas de Poblaci\u00f3n"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"International handbook of adult mortality","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Adult mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean","author":"Palloni A","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblaci\u00f3n de Chile 1992-2050. Total pa\u00eds: metodolog\u00eda y principales resultados","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Impactos del COVID-19 en la mortalidad de Chile durante 2020: una mirada demogr\u00e1fica y de salud","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-022-01450-3","article-title":"Life expectancy changes since COVID-19","volume":"6","author":"Sch\u00f6ley J","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69336","article-title":"Tracking excess mortality across countries during the COVID-19 pandemic with the World Mortality Dataset","volume":"10","author":"Karlinsky A","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab207","article-title":"Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses a population-level study of 29 countries","volume":"51","author":"Aburto 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