{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:50:35Z","timestamp":1790013035396,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ABCD, arq. bras. cir. dig."],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT  Background:  Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) are uncommon neoplasms arising from enterochromaffin-like cells, representing a distinct subset of gastric malignancies, with challenging clinical management.  Aims:  To analyse the classification, treatment indication, and survival of patients diagnosed with gNETs.  Methods:  We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with gNETs between 2009 and 2025 at a high-volume tertiary center in Brazil. Clinical, pathological, and treatment data were reviewed, and tumors were classified according to World Health Organization and clinicopathological criteria into Types I, II, and III.  Results:  Of the 75 patients included, 53 (70.7%) were classified as Type I, 5 (6.7%) as Type II, and 17 (22.6%) as Type III. Treatment included surgery in 25 patients (33.3%) and endoscopic resection in 50 (66.7%). Type I tumors predominated in females (p&lt;0.001), were frequently multifocal (p&lt;0.001), associated with higher body mass index (p=0.002), and were mainly managed endoscopically (p=0.008). Type II tumors were rare and associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 1, while Type III tumors were predominantly male, larger, high-grade (G3), and frequently metastatic, requiring surgical resection and palliative therapy. Among the 25 surgically treated patients, most were men (52%) and included 12 patients (48.0%) with Type I, 3 (12.0%) with Type II, and 10 (40.0%) with Type III tumors. Survival analysis showed significantly worse outcomes for Type III and G3 tumors. Multivariable analysis identified advanced age (hazards ratio 4.11; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.14\u201314.80; p=0.030) and tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) stage III\/IV (HR 5.42; 95%CI: 1.26\u201323.26; p=0.023) as independent predictors of poorer survival.  Conclusions:  gNETs exhibit heterogeneous clinical behavior, with Type I tumors predominating in the Brazilian population. Tumor type, grade, and TNM stage are critical determinants of prognosis and should guide individualized treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-67202025000056e1925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:19:44Z","timestamp":1776277184000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gastric neuroendocrine tumors: a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes from a reference center"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8702-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateus Barradas","family":"RIBEIRO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6865-0988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina Alessandra","family":"PEREIRA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2432-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donato Roberto","family":"MUCERINO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4507-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osmar Kenji","family":"YAGI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Roncon","family":"DIAS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2766-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna de Camargo","family":"NIGRO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1711-7347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulysses","family":"RIBEIRO JUNIOR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0200-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille","family":"RAMOS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-672020230050e1768","article-title":"Gastric neuroendocrine tumor: when surgical treatment is indicated?","volume":"36","author":"Assis Filho 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neuroendocrine tumors in a large Japanese national cohort","volume":"35","author":"Namikawa K","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13306","article-title":"European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2023 guidance paper for gastroduodenal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) G1-G3","volume":"35","author":"Panzuto F","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref14","first-page":"47","article-title":"Gastric mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms: a western center case series","volume":"9","author":"Ramos MFKP","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci (Basel)"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Surgical treatment of gastric cancer: a 10-year experience in a high-volume university hospital","volume":"73","author":"Ramos MFKP","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","article-title":"Estimated Cancer Incidence in Brazil, 20232025","volume":"69","author":"Santos MO","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cancerol"},{"issue":"30","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6817","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i30.6817","article-title":"Management of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"22","author":"Sato Y","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2021.0032","article-title":"Neuroendocrine and adrenal tumors, version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume":"19","author":"Shah MH","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-023-14712-9","article-title":"Management of gastric neuroendocrine tumors: a review","volume":"31","author":"Sok C","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Surg 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Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (S\u00e3o Paulo)"],"original-title":["Tumores neuroend\u00f3crinos g\u00e1stricos: an\u00e1lise das caracter\u00edsticas clinicopatol\u00f3gicas e resultados de sobrevida de centro de refer\u00eancia"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0102-67202025000100344&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:57:52Z","timestamp":1776279472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-67202025000100344&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S0102-67202025000100344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0102-67202025000056e1925","relation":{},"ISSN":["2317-6326","0102-6720"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2317-6326","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0102-6720","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e1925"}}