{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T17:51:34Z","timestamp":1780595494149,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. Dent. J."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract There are few studies on the clinical and immunological periodontal status of intensive care unit (ICU) in-patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the periodontal condition among ICU in-patients through clinical and immunological periodontal parameters. From the sample of 373 hospitalized ICU patients, 182 were submitted\u2019 to a thorough clinical periodontal and immunological evaluation. Data on bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were collected and gingival sulcular fluid samples were quantified through ELISA on IL-1, IL-6, and MMP-2 for immunological evaluation. Data was statistically analyzed by Chi-square, Fisher\u2019s exact, Mann-Whitney tests, and Sperman\u2019s correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A high dental plaque index and a high prevalence of periodontitis (48.3%), mostly in moderate and localized chronic form, were observed. Individuals with periodontitis presented higher levels of IL-1 and MMP-2, while individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and individuals with two or more systemic diseases (MSD) presented higher levels of IL-1; diabetes mellitus (DM) and MSD individuals presented higher levels of IL-6. A positive association was found between the severity of periodontitis and CVD (OR 2.2; CI = 1.11-4.42). This study reported a 48.3% of the prevalence of periodontitis in ICU patients and a positive association between the severity of periodontitis and CVD. Additionally, higher levels of IL-1 and MMP-2 were found in individuals with periodontitis, higher levels of IL-6 were found in individuals with DM, and higher levels of IL-1 were found in individuals with CVD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201802034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T18:15:55Z","timestamp":1532715355000},"page":"301-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Periodontal Condition and Immunological Aspects of Individuals Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"B\u00e1rbara Nascimento","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena Moreira","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarc\u00edlia Aparecida","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds Ot\u00e1vio Miranda","family":"Cota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila Cavalca","family":"Cortelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil; Universidade de Taubat\u00e9,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Oliveira","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1","article-title":"Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions","author":"Armitage GC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Periodontol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01436.x","article-title":"The interplay of lipopolysaccharide binding protein and cytokines in periodontal health and disease","volume":"36","author":"Ren L","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730080201","article-title":"Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) of the Oral Cavity: Cellular origin and relationship to periodontal status","volume":"73","author":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4 M","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.102221","article-title":"Estimation of the level of tumor necrosis factor- a in gingival crevicular fluid and serum in periodontal health and disease: A biochemical study","volume":"23","author":"Gokul K","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.1340010","article-title":"Periodontal systemic associations: review of the evidence","volume":"84","author":"Linden GJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400793","article-title":"Hospitalization associated with a deterioration in oral","volume":"12","author":"Sj\u00f6gren P","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01808.x","article-title":"Oral hygiene, periodontal health and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations","volume":"39","author":"Liu Z","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R189","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12878","article-title":"Changes in dental plaque following hospitalization in a critical care unit: an observational study","volume":"17","author":"Sachdev M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.5.743","article-title":"Smoking-attributable periodontitis in the United States: findings from NHANES III. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"71","author":"Tomar SL","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01141.x","article-title":"Exposure measurement in the association between periodontal disease and prematurity\/low birth weight","volume":"34","author":"Gomes-Filho IS","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition","volume":"22","author":"Silness J","year":"1964","journal-title":"Acta Odont Scan"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01342.x","article-title":"Prospective study of complier individuals under periodontal maintenance therapy: Analysis of clinical periodontal parameters, risk predictors and the progression of periodontitis","volume":"36","author":"Lorentz TCM","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.150087","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and periodontitis: quantification of periodontal pathogens and cytokines","volume":"86","author":"Lages EJ","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01939.x","article-title":"The impact of hospitalization on dental plaque accumulation: an observational study","volume":"39","author":"Needleman I","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01727.x","article-title":"The impact of hospitalization on oral health: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Terezakis E","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.134006","article-title":"Inflammatory mechanisms linking periodontal diseases to cardiovascular diseases","volume":"84","author":"Schenkein HA","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.001193","article-title":"Increased Benefit of Interleukin-1 Inhibition on Vascular Function, Myocardial Deformation, and Twisting in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Coexisting Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Ikonomidis I","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovas Imaging"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv759","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerosis: current therapeutic approaches","volume":"37","author":"Tousoulis D","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-015-0514-0","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein levels and insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes in abdominal obesity women","volume":"31","author":"Tangvarasittichai S","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130002","article-title":"Periodontal treatment reduces matrix metalloproteinase levels in localized aggressive periodontitis","volume":"84","author":"Gon\u00e7alves PF","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2005.00786.x","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and clinical parameters in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis-affected patients","volume":"40","author":"Pozo P","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Periodont Res"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2478\/v10039-009-0027-2","article-title":"Assessment of aprotinin influence on periodontal clinical status and matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2 and their tissue inhibitors saliva concentrations in patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"54","author":"Pietruska M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.50.53","article-title":"Biomarkers of periodontitis in oral fluids","volume":"50","author":"Rai B","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"247","article-title":"Levels of metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy gingiva","volume":"38","author":"Maeso G","year":"2007","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.679","article-title":"Plasma interleukin-6 levels are increased in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance but not in those with impaired fasting glucose in a cohort of Italian Caucasians","volume":"23","author":"Cardellini M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2018.1396876","article-title":"Chronic periodontitis, inflammatory cytokines, and interrelationship with other chronic diseases","volume":"30","author":"Cardoso EM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/bdj\/v29n3\/1806-4760-bdj-29-03-301.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T19:37:27Z","timestamp":1533152247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402018000300301&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0103-64402018000300301"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440201802034","relation":{},"ISSN":["1806-4760","0103-6440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1806-4760","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0103-6440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}}}