{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T06:21:20Z","timestamp":1785824480525,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. Dent. J."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Investigate individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren, who answered a question about episodes of bullying related to oral health and questionnaires addressing childhood anxiety and orofacial dysfunction. The guardians provided information on sociodemographic characteristics, sleep disorders, and oral health literacy. Trained examiners assessed the children for the diagnosis of dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, malocclusion using the Dental Aesthetic Index, orofacial dysfunction using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening and traumatic dental injury (Andreasen criteria) (Kappa&gt; 0.80). The contextual variables were the type of school and the monthly income of the school neighborhood. Descriptive statistics was performed to characterize the sample and unadjusted and adjusted (p &lt;0.05) multilevel Poisson regression models were run. The prevalence of bullying was 13.3%. After the adjusted analysis, malocclusion (PR=1.59; 95%CI:1.03-2.44) and anxiety (PR=1.79; 95%CI:1.10-2.93) remained associated with bullying. In terms of context, the monthly income of the neighborhood of the school was associated with bullying (PR=1.75; 95%CI:1.12-2.72). Malocclusion and anxiety influenced the occurrence of bullying. A lower average income in the school neighborhood was an important contextual determinant for the increase in the prevalence of bullying.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440202406084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T11:42:59Z","timestamp":1726486979000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2580-1280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiza Jord\u00e2nia Serafim de","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual da Parai\u0301ba,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7679-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monalisa Cesarino","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio UNIFACISA,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5581-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramon Targino","family":"Firmino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3166-709X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edja Maria Melo de Brito","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual da Parai\u0301ba,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3968-1638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saul Martins de","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Minas Gerais,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6054-8372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Fl\u00e1via","family":"Granville-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual da Parai\u0301ba,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2019.09.005","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with bullying: differences between the roles of bullies and victims of bullying","volume":"96","author":"Reis-Silva GR","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2023.01.004","article-title":"Long-term consequences of bullying involvement in first grade","volume":"97","author":"Bettencourt AF","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1159\/000479043","article-title":"Untreated Dental Caries Is Associated with Reports of Verbal Bullying in Children 8-10 Years Old","volume":"51","author":"Barasuol JC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Caries Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2020.02.001","article-title":"Oral disorders associated with the experience of verbal bullying among Brazilian school-aged children","volume":"151","author":"Duarte-Rodrigues L","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Dental Association"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction in adolescents are associated with exposure to violence","volume":"00","author":"Nascimento M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Rehabilitation"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2017.04.012","article-title":"Oral health literacy and associated oral conditions","author":"Firmino RT","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Dental Association"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.2023.2216250","article-title":"Moderating Effects of Mindfulness in the Relation between Bullying Victimization and Sleep Disturbance in Chinese Children: Sex Differences","volume":"184","author":"Luo ML","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Genet Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04681-4","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents","volume":"23","author":"Ye Z","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-35392022226330","article-title":"bullying no contexto escolar: a percep\u00e7\u00e3o dos professores","author":"Fl\u00f4res FN","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psicologia Escolar e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"issue":"27","key":"ref10","article-title":"Health promotion in school environment in Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Horta RL","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista Sau\u0301de Pu\u0301blica"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457\u2010463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.03.018","article-title":"Sleep disturbance scale for children: translation, cultural adaptation, and validation","volume":"10","author":"Ferreira VR","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12042","article-title":"New oral health literacy instrument for public health: development and pilot testing","volume":"5","author":"Sistani MM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-9-13","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Child Perceptions Questionnaires applied in Brazilian children","volume":"9","author":"Barbosa TS","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","first-page":"35","article-title":"O que penso e sinto - adaptac\u0327a\u0303o da Revised Childrens Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) para o portugue\u0302s","volume":"16","author":"Gorayeb MAM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends in Psychology"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Informa\u00e7\u00f5es Estat\u00edsticas","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Dental Aesthetic Index","author":"Cons NC","year":"1986"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170\u2010178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00347.x","article-title":"The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries","volume":"35","author":"Ismail AI","year":"2007","journal-title":"Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth","author":"Andreasen JO","year":"2007","edition":"4th end."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313\u2010317","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.38.4.c48238322205466w","article-title":"Associations between psychological factors and the presence of deleterious oral habits in children and adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Leme M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","first-page":"7","article-title":"The impact of cyberbullying on schoolchildren\u2019s dental anxiety in Brazil: A cross-sectional multi-level study","volume":"00","author":"Silveira ER","year":"2020","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Bullying Perpetration and Victimization in Youth: Associations with Irritability and Anxiety","author":"Chen HWB","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry & Human Development"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Associations between school bullying and anxiety in children and adolescents from an ethnic autonomous county in China","author":"Gong Z","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"56","key":"ref23","first-page":"823","article-title":"Percep\u00e7\u00e3o dos pais acerca da autoestima de crianc\u0327as em idade escolar, relacionada a est\u00e9tica do sorriso","volume":"15","author":"Alves CL","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista Multidisciplinar Psicologia"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Pathways between oral health conditions and bullying on adolescents: A 10-year cohort study","author":"Bolsson GB","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10901981211071031","article-title":"Inequality and Bullying Victimization and Perpetration: Evidence from Adolescents in the compass Study","volume":"49","author":"Pabayo R","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Education & Behavior"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0103-64402024000100241&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T11:43:23Z","timestamp":1726487003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402024000100241&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0103-64402024000100241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440202406084","relation":{},"ISSN":["1806-4760","0103-6440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1806-4760","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0103-6440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"e24-6084"}}