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Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Environmental pollution has the potential to have a significant impact on animal\u2019s health especially on birds due to daily exposure and habitat. This experimental study was carried out for a 60 days period in which, a total of 24 pigeon birds with suitable weight (80-100 g) were kept in Animal house with suitable environmental conditions viz, controlled temperature, humidity &amp; light source to minimize any other stress. Out of twenty-four, eighteen birds were divided into three treatment groups (6 birds in each group). Whole experiment was run in triplicate manner in breeding season. One served as Control (Group 1) and remaining three were experimental groups including Road traffic noise (Group 2), Military noise (Group 3) &amp; Human activities noise (Group 4). Noise was applied as recorded high intensity music (1125 Hz\/ 90 dB) through speakers for 5-6 hrs. daily. Blood sampling was done after 20, 40 and 60 days by sacrificing treatment birds. Noise stress significantly (p&lt;0.05) increase the serum levels of corticosterone and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in Group 2 while significantly (p&lt;0.05) decrease the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) of Group 3 birds. Moreover, major fault bars formation was seen both in Group 2 and Group 3. It was concluded as that Noise stress caused rise in serum levels of Corticosterone and TSH but fall in LH and FSH. Along with fault bars formation was also prominent in all treatment groups due to stress hormone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.271945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T20:11:23Z","timestamp":1685391083000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Noise-induced hormonal &amp; morphological malformations in breeding pigeons"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7765-1512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Amjad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2033-1627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Ruby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6092-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Talib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Sadiq College Women University,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9740-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Zahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Sadiq College Women University,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2015-3470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Liaquat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1795-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Batool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Narowal,  Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2020-0029","article-title":"Effect of short-term and long-term traffic noise exposure on the thyroid gland in adult rats: a sexual dimorphic study","volume":"42","author":"ABABZADEH S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(03)00225-7","article-title":"Dental characteristics of fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome","volume":"96","author":"AKINTOYE S.O.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2012.02508.x","article-title":"Coloration signals the ability to cope with elevated stress hormones: effects of corticosterone on growth of barn owls are associated with melanism","volume":"25","author":"ALMASI B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9099","article-title":"Adrenocortical response to stress and thyroid hormone status in free-living nestling White storks (Ciconia ciconia) exposed to heavy metal and arsenic contamination","volume":"114","author":"BAOS R.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2017.00079","article-title":"Growing in cities: an urban penalty for wild birds? 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