{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T22:14:55Z","timestamp":1772576095917,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Significant risk factors for atherosclerosis include hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress, which together rank as three of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Securigera securidaca lowers cholesterol levels in diabetic rats' blood. This investigation's objective was to determine how methanolic extracts affected the flowers, leaves, and seeds of plants in rats that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Five groups of animals were created (n = 5). A total of 35 days, divided into two intervals, were used for the study. Rats received HFD during the first 15-day interval, while during the second 20-day interval, they also received extracts or the Atorvastatin reference drug. The extract of seeds has a high phenol content as well as DPPH radical antioxidant activity. Extracts were given at a dose of 200 mg\/kg; p.o. Methanolic treatment of S. securidaca flowers, leaves, and seeds in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic rats resulted in significant reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDLC, and VLDL-C levels. HDL-C levels increased significantly because of the leaves. While in hyperlipidemic rats, seeds significantly reduced the activities of the enzymes ALT and ALP. The findings showed that, to a certain extent, seeds, flowers, and leaves may have benefits in reducing hyperlipidemia brought on by HFD in terms of lipid profiles and liver function enzymes. The findings of this study indicate a promising application prospect, but more research is needed to determine the exact mechanism of these novel compounds as antihyperlipidemic agents and to clarify their potential combination effect with synthetic drugs such as Atorvastatin. Combinations can reduce the dose of chemical medications required, which lowers the risk of side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.275382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T11:25:15Z","timestamp":1698665115000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Methanolic extract of S. securidaca flowers, leaves, and seeds' antihyperlipidemic effects on high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5482-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H.","family":"Aldal\u2019in","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Al-Karak University College,  Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1578-7662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. H.","family":"Al-Nadaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mu\u2032tah University,  Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2013-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Awadallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mu\u2032tah University,  Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9625-4915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Thiab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Private Science University,  Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. M.","family":"Bastoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helios Klinikum Schwelm,  Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.26538\/tjnpr\/v4i9.8","article-title":"Phytochemical constituents of S. securidaca seed extract using GS-MS and HPLC","volume":"4","author":"ADAL\u2019IN H.K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094-016-1365-6","article-title":"Antidiabetic and antilipidemic effects of some polar and nonpolar extracts of securigera securidaca flowers","volume":"49","author":"AHMADI A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4217","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13234217","article-title":"Fabrication of tizanidine loaded patches using flaxseed oil and coriander oil as a penetration enhancer for transdermal delivery","volume":"13","author":"AKHLAQ M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","first-page":"182","article-title":"Microwave-assisted efficient extraction of phenolics from Juglans regia L.: pellicle; kernel unripe fruits; and leaves in different solvents","volume":"12","author":"AL-NADAF A.H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05536-w","article-title":"Contribution of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in developing cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study","volume":"12","author":"BAKHTIYARI M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.3.545","article-title":"Long term intake of soy protein improves blood lipid profile and increases mononuclear cell low-density lipoprotein receptor messenger RNA in hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal women","volume":"68","author":"BAUM J.A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz778","article-title":"Profound reductions in first and total cardiovascular events with icosapent ethyl in the REDUCE-IT trial: why these results usher in a new era in dyslipidaemia therapeutics","volume":"41","author":"BODEN W.E.","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2021.1940959","article-title":"Rosuvastatin and ezetimibe for the treatment of dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia","volume":"19","author":"BOUTARI C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0023-6438(95)80008-5","article-title":"Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity","volume":"28","author":"BRAND-WILLIAMS W.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + Technologie"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5888","article-title":"Evaluating efficacy and safety of combination medication of atorvastatin and a herbal formula containing salvia miltiorrhiza and pueraria lobata on hyperlipidemia","volume":"31","author":"CHEUNG D.W.S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytotherapy Research"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.559","article-title":"Antiarthritic activity of achyranthes aspera on formaldehyde - induced arthritis in rats","volume":"7","author":"CHINNASAMY V.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen & D\u00f6rfl","author":"DENKSCHR K","year":"1897"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.033175","article-title":"Atherogenic index of plasma [log (triglycerides\/HDL-cholesterol)]: theoretical and practical implications","volume":"50","author":"DOBI\u00c1SOV\u00c1 M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2021.03.008","article-title":"To adjust or not to adjust: the role of different covariates in cardiovascular observational studies","volume":"237","author":"ETMINAN M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020672","article-title":"Efficacy of polyphenols in the management of dyslipidemia: a focus on clinical studies","volume":"13","author":"FELDMAN F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.08.040","article-title":"Antihyperlipidemic potential of diosmin in Swiss Albino mice with high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia","volume":"28","author":"FIRDOUS S.M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2002725","article-title":"The biological action ofsaponins in animal systems: a review","volume":"88","author":"FRANCIS G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"British Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.09.003","article-title":"The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status, and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats","volume":"126","author":"GARJANI A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/582106","article-title":"Effects of S. securidaca extract on lipolysis and adipogenesis in diabetic rats","volume":"2014","author":"GHORBANI A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cholesterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092834","article-title":"In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Karanjin against Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s Diseases as a Potential Natural Lead Molecule for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy","volume":"27","author":"GNANARAJ C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref21","first-page":"230","article-title":"The World Health Report 2002-reducing risks, promoting healthy life 1","volume":"16","author":"GUILBERT J.J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Education for Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.11.2760","article-title":"Platycodi radix affects lipid metabolism in mice with high fat diet induced obesity","volume":"130","author":"HAN L.K.","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjp.2015.02.008","article-title":"HPLC-DAD-MS\/MS profiling of phenolics from S. securidaca flowers and its anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activities","volume":"25","author":"IBRAHIM R.M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2010005000038","article-title":"Hypolipidemic activity of Moringa oleifera Lam., Moringaceae, on high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia in albino rats","volume":"20","author":"JAIN P.G.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","first-page":"31","article-title":"Pharmacognostic and anti-inflammatory properties of securigera securidaca seeds and seed oil","volume":"5","author":"JAMSHIDZADEH A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2018.1493588","article-title":"Flavonoids: biological activities and therapeutic potential","volume":"34","author":"JUC\u00c1 M.M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Natural Product Research"},{"issue":"39","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54531","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-16060-1","article-title":"Pertinence of nutriments for a stalwart body","volume":"28","author":"KAUR R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research International"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3511","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-360X.2019.00597.3","article-title":"Antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic activities of dolichandrone atrovirens in albino Wistar rats","volume":"12","author":"KAYAROHANAM S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-012-0393-6","article-title":"Blueberry anthocyanins at doses of 0.5 and 1% lowered plasma cholesterol by increasing fecal excretion of acidic and neutral sterols in hamsters fed a cholesterol-enriched diet","volume":"52","author":"LIANG Y.","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11182774","article-title":"Synergistic hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals: a review","volume":"11","author":"LIU Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.11.016","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of mangiferin against kidney disorders and its mechanism of action: a review","volume":"29","author":"LUM P.T.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"The role of selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles on mitigating side effects of obesity in rats","volume":"84","author":"MAHMOUD A.H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"240","article-title":"Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP): a marker of cardiovascular disease","volume":"29","author":"NIROUMAND S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00115-0","article-title":"Serum liver enzymes profile of Wistar rats following chronic consumption of fresh or oxidized palm oil diets","volume":"69","author":"OWU D.U.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","first-page":"31","article-title":"Antifungal effect of the effect of Securigera securidaca L. vaginal gel on Candida species","volume":"5","author":"RAESI V.A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Medical Mycology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.150427","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of S. securidaca seeds in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"4","author":"RAJAEI Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advanced Biomedical Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9473","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07816-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of \u03b2-adrenergic receptors agonists in mediating pro and anti-apoptotic pathways in hyperglycemic M\u00fcller cells","volume":"49","author":"SAFI S.Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9111505","article-title":"Potential of marine terpenoids against SARS-CoV-2: an in silico drug development approach","volume":"9","author":"SAHOO A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5726","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27181","article-title":"N-terminal domain of SARS CoV-2 spike protein mutation associated reduction in effectivity of neutralizing antibody with vaccinated individuals","volume":"93","author":"SINGH Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2021.02.010","article-title":"Alcohol-associated liver disease: a review on its pathophysiology, diagnosis and drug therapy","volume":"8","author":"SUBRAMANIYAN V.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicology Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","first-page":"509","article-title":"Potential action of Rumex vesicarius (L.) against potassium dichromate and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in experimental rats","volume":"31","author":"SUBRAMANIYAN V.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"ref42","series-title":"THE PLANT LIST","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref43","first-page":"516","article-title":"Anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Hemidesmus indicus in rats fed with high-fat diet","volume":"6","author":"VENKATESHAN S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4527","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S338548","article-title":"Chemistry, biosynthesis, physicochemical and biological properties of rubiadin: A promising natural anthraquinone for new drug discovery and development","volume":"15","author":"WATROLY M.N.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy"},{"key":"ref45","series-title":"The tenth revision of the international classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD-10).","year":"1992"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040725","article-title":"Antihyperlipidemic effect, identification, and isolation of the lipophilic components from artemisia integrifolia","volume":"24","author":"XU Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.42965","article-title":"Pleiotropic use of Statins as non-lipid-lowering drugs","volume":"16","author":"ZHANG Q.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S328096","article-title":"Promising nutritional fruits against cardiovascular diseases: an overview of experimental evidence and understanding their mechanisms of action","volume":"17","author":"ZURAINI N.Z.A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vascular Health and Risk Management"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Biology"],"original-title":["Efeitos anti-hiperlipid\u00e9micos do extrato metan\u00f3lico das flores, folhas e sementes de S. securidaca na hiperlipidemia induzida por uma dieta rica em gordura em ratos Wistar"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1519-69842023000100887&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T11:25:51Z","timestamp":1698665151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000100887&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S1519-69842023000100887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1519-6984.275382","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-4375","1519-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1678-4375","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1519-6984","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"article-number":"e275382"}}