{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T07:04:58Z","timestamp":1760598298295,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract Hepatozoon spp. are the most common haemoparasites reported from reptiles around the world, however, only six species have been described infecting crocodilians. In Brazil, Hepatozoon caimani Carini, 1909 is currently the only recognized species from the caiman hosts. This study provides new data on the diversity of species of Hepatozoon infecting Caiman crocodilus (Linnaeus) using molecular data and phylogenetic analysis, with additional support of morphological data of developmental stages from host blood and tissue. Forty-four individuals were collected and screened for haemogregarines, and blood and tissue samples were analysed by light microscopy with 31 (70.45%) infected. Hepatozoon spp. blood developmental stages included immature and mature gamonts with or without cytoplasmic vacuoles and free gamonts. Additionally, merogonic developmental stages were found in the liver and spleen of infected hosts. Based on the morphological and molecular data, this study identified two possible different species of Hepatozoon, being one of them the H. caimani with intragenotypic divergence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.282989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T10:58:26Z","timestamp":1718621906000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is there only one species of Hepatozoon infecting Brazilian caimans? Integrative taxonomy unveiling the parasite\u2019s diversity"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2982-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. P.","family":"\u00dangari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brasil; Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1856-0586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. C.","family":"Netherlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Free State,  South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2807-4592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. L. Q.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0932-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. A.","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amap\u00e1,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3426-6873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. J.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9367-368X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. H.","family":"O\u2019Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612017041","article-title":"Hepatozoon caimani in Caiman crocodilus yacare (Crocodylia, Alligatoridae) from North Pantanal, Brazil","volume":"26","author":"BOUER A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3390\/d15121192","article-title":"Occurrence of Hepatozoon in Some Reptiles from Brazilian Biomes with Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Hepatozoon caimani.","volume":"15","author":"CLEMENTE G.R.C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diversity (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2009.021","article-title":"A redescription of Haemogregarina fitzsimonsi Dias, 1953 and some comments on Haemogregarina parvula Dias, 1953 (Adeleorina: Haemogregarinidae) from Southern African tortoises (Cyptodira: Testudinidae) with new host data and distribution records","volume":"56","author":"COOK C.A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Folia Parasitologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1645\/19-73","article-title":"The coccidian (Apicomplexa) of the Archosauria (Crocodylia: Eusuchia) of the world","volume":"106","author":"DUSZYNSKI D.W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"1445","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1073","article-title":"Life history of malaria parasite (Plasmodium mexicanum): independent traits and basis for variation","volume":"267","author":"EISEN R.J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proceedings. Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150390235520","article-title":"A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood","volume":"52","author":"GUINDON S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199","article-title":"Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data","volume":"28","author":"KEARSE M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762003000100014","article-title":"Development of Hepatozoon caimani (Carini, 1909) Pess\u00f4a, de Biasi e de Souza, 1972 in the caiman Caiman c. crocodilus, the frog Rana catesbeiana and the mosquito Culex fatigans.","volume":"98","author":"LAINSON R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"first-page":"1","year":"2010","author":"MILLER M.A.","key":"ref9"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118201700213X","article-title":"Monophyly of the species of Hepatozoon (Adeleorina: Hepatozoidae) parasiting (African) anurans, with the description of three new species from hyperoliid frogs in South Africa","volume":"145","author":"NETHERLANDS E.C.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2013.06.019","article-title":"Description of three new species of Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa, Hepatozoidae) from Rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus) based on molecular, morphometric and morphologic characters","volume":"135","author":"O\u2019DWYER L.H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3623-9","article-title":"Are fish paratenic natural hosts of the caiman haemoparasite Hepatozoon caimani?","volume":"113","author":"PEREIRA G.R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[0870:PONSSR]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Phylogeny of nuclear small subunit rRNA genes of hemogregarines amplified with specific oligonucleot\u00eddeos","volume":"87","author":"PERKINS S.L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","first-page":"6.5.1","article-title":"Using MODELTEST and PAUP* to select a model of nucleotide substitution","volume":"6","author":"POSADA D.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Current Protocols in Bioinformatics"},{"year":"2012","series-title":"FigTree v1.4. 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Taxonomia integrativa desvendando essa diversidade parasit\u00e1ria"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1519-69842024000101163&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T10:58:47Z","timestamp":1718621927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842024000101163&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S1519-69842024000101163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1519-6984.282989","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-4375","1519-6984"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1678-4375"},{"type":"print","value":"1519-6984"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"e282989"}}