{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:11:11Z","timestamp":1764785471160,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract The clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) depend not only on the infecting species involved, but also on the immune response of the individual. Although not yet well understood in humans, parasite survival and persistence are related to the cytokine profile and T cell proliferation, with the Th1 profile being related to cure, and the Th2 profile to disease progression. Considering the need for studies focused on the species with the highest circulation in the state of Amazonas, this study aimed to analyze the immunoregulation stimulated by soluble antigens (SLAs) of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) guyanensis in human lymphocytes in vitro, in order to understand the immune response of patients with CL. Lymphoproliferation was evaluated against stimuli of SLAs from L. amazonensis (100 \u00b5g\/mL), SLAs from L. guyanensis (100 \u00b5g\/mL) and phytohemagglutinin (10 \u00b5g\/mL) using a BrdU Cell Proliferation ELISA kit after 72 h of incubation. Quantification of the cytokines IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF was performed using the BD\u2122 cytometric bead array human Th1\/Th2\/Th17 cytokine kit. Our results demonstrated that soluble antigens from L. amazonensis and L. guyanensis stimulated the lymphoproliferation of PBMCs from patients primo-infected with CL. Among the cytokines dosed, the highest concentrations were of IL-6 and IL-8, thus demonstrating that the soluble antigens evaluated are capable of inducing regulatory mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.284001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T11:45:39Z","timestamp":1726832739000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immunoregulatory effects of soluble antigens of Leishmania sp. in human lymphocytes in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1948-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. O.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. F.","family":"Cruz-Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. B.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. B.","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. G.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. S. D.","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Porto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Particular Brasileiro,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil; Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. G.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil; Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. F. M.","family":"Barcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. T.","family":"Espir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amazonas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. M. R.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02426.x","article-title":"Antigen specific correlations of cellular immune responses in human leishmaniasis suggests mechanisms for immunoregulation","volume":"136","author":"ANTONELLI L.R.V.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6734","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.12.6734-6740.2002","article-title":"Up-regulation of Th1-type responses in mucosal leishmaniasis patients","volume":"70","author":"BACELLAR O.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infection and 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C.","key":"ref42"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000300001","article-title":"Clinical and Immunopathological Spectrum of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with Special Reference to the Disease in Amazonian Brazil - A Review","volume":"99","author":"SILVEIRA F.T.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2009.01116.x","article-title":"Immunopathogenic competences of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis and L. 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