{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T15:09:56Z","timestamp":1764342596110,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the pathological alterations of Photobacterium damselae associated with big belly disease in barramundi Lates calcarifer, using case study and experimental infection. A total of twenty natural sick barramundi showing big belly symptoms were sampled for parasites and bacterial identification in abdominal and faecal samples. For experimental infection, a total of 150 healthy fish with an average length of 9.46 \u00b1 0.41 cm and a bodyweight of 12.92 \u00b1 1.28 g were divided into five replicates (10 fish per replicate) of three treatments; phosphate buffer saline as control, 1.53 x 107 cfu mL-1 and 1.28 x 103 cfu mL-1 P. damselae. Clinical symptoms, mortality, histology and blood profile of fish from each replicate of experimental challenge was observed. The DNA sequencing results from naturally infected big belly disease fish indicated 100% homolog of P. damselae. The experimental infection results demonstrated that P. damselae caused mortality of up to 72.50 \u00b1 9.57% at 9 days post infection. Pathological investigation of fish infected with P. damselae in both natural and experimental conditions revealed a swollen abdomen with reddish hazy liquid and a red patch on the liver. All of the examined tissue showed necrosis and haemorrhage. Severe intestinal peritonitis was shown by the accumulation of reddish hazy fluids in the abdominal cavity. Barramundi fish infected with higher concentration of P. damselae showed a higher number of white blood cells and lymphocytes (P&lt;0.05) than fish from a lower concentration infection or control group. The findings of this study suggest that P. damselae is pathogenic to juvenile barramundi and causes significant mortality within two weeks from the onset of infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.290179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T15:06:07Z","timestamp":1764342367000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathological investigation of Photobacterium damselae causing big belly disease in barramundi Lates calcarifer (Bloch 1790): case study and experimental infection"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3413-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Mahardika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4512-8012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Mastuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9315-8875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. 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W. W.","family":"Astuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Suprapto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8944-7658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. M.","family":"Merdana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Udayana University,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2747-3049","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Supono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9183-792X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. N. A.","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7205-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Gustiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Innovation Agency,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Some hematological parameters of the rainbow trouts experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri.","volume":"23","author":"ALTUN S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3923\/jfas.2009.246.253","article-title":"Hematological parameters and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, experimentally infected with Pseudomonas putida.","volume":"4","author":"BEKTAS S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2109.2004.01158.x","article-title":"Blood parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) spontaneously infected with Edwardsiella tarda.","volume":"35","author":"BENLI A.C.K.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aquaculture Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes8030128","article-title":"First detection of Photobacterium spp. in acute hemorrhagic septicemia from the nursehound shark Scyliorhinus stellaris.","volume":"8","author":"CATANESE G.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fishes"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Comparison of intestinal bacterial communities in asymptomatic and diseased Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) with chronic enteritis and mixed bacterial infections","volume":"572","author":"CHEW X.Z.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2004.00594.x","article-title":"A novel \u2018skinny pot-belly\u2019 disease in Asian seabass fry, Lates calcarifer (Bloch)","volume":"27","author":"GIBSON-KUEH S.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2011.01319.x","article-title":"The pathology of scale drop syndrome\u2019 in Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer Bloch, a first description","volume":"35","author":"GIBSON-KUEH S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Diseases"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13512","article-title":"PCR, in-situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis suggest that \u2018big belly\u2019 disease in barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), is caused by a novel Vibrio species","volume":"44","author":"GIBSON-KUEH S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.2.461-470.1992","article-title":"Effect of different holding regimens on the intestinal microflora of herring (Clupea harengus) larvae","volume":"58","author":"HANSEN G.H.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Growth performance and survivability of the Asian seabass Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) reared under hyper-saline, hypo-saline and freshwater environments in a closed aquaculture system","volume":"84","author":"HASSAN H.U.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29793","article-title":"Bacterial diseases of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer): A review for health management strategies and future aquaculture sustainability","volume":"10","author":"ISLAM S.I.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.44.47","article-title":"The first isolation of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from Asian seabass Lates calcarifer.","volume":"44","author":"KANCHANOPAS-BARNETTE P.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fish Pathology"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Produksi perikanan budi daya pembesaran. 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