{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:05:28Z","timestamp":1753887928767,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract High active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV\/AIDS (PLWHA) and reduced the development of opportunistic diseases, supporting a strategy introduced in 2014, which sought to enhance prevention with early treatment and for all. This was a retrospective and comparative cohort study before and after the implementation of \u201ctreat all\u201d strategy, based on primary and secondary data, extracted from the medical records followed at the Specialized Care Service between 2009 and 2018 and from public databases. Of the 892 patients selected, 790 were active, 28 abandoned treatment and 40 died, 92%, 3.3% and 4.7%, respectively. About 440 (51.2%) started follow-up between 2009 and 2013, before the \u201ctreat all\u201d strategy, and 417 (48.9%) started follow-up after 2014, when the national recommendation was already the \u201ctreat all\u201d strategy. A total of 508 (58.2%) male patients were counted, the mean age was 33.5 years on the date of entry, most of them had a total of 8 to 11 years of study (21.1%) and about 6.5% of the patients were illiterate. The main routes of HIV transmission were heterosexual intercourse (67.95%) and MSM (men who have sex with men) (31%). The mean CD4 cell count at presentation was 392 cells\/mm3 and 23% of participants had a CD4 count less than 200 cells\/mm3. Elevated levels of viral load were found at entry, with 30% having at least 100,000 copies\/mL. During the ten years of observation, there were 245 episodes of opportunistic diseases. The five most common opportunistic diseases during the study period were tuberculosis (28.6%), herpes zoster (23.3%), oral candidiasis (15.5%), neurotoxoplasmosis (11.4%) and pneumocystosis (6.1%). Forty patients died during the study period, 4.7% of the total. There was a reduction in opportunistic infections in the second group of the study, especially for oral candidiasis (p = 0.03), as well as a better response to LogCV treatment (1.28\u00b11.97). It is concluded that the diagnosis and treatment strategy has shown over the years an effective reduction in opportunistic infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.291515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T10:54:23Z","timestamp":1738925663000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incidence of opportunistic diseases after the \u201ctreat all\u201d strategy: 10 years cohort for HIV"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0846-3224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. O.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio CESMAC,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8661-0173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. M.","family":"Minan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio CESMAC,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2141-1357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. C. G. C.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio CESMAC,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0203-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M. B. R. G.","family":"Panjwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Alagoas,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4825-171X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. M. S.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio CESMAC,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0483-6601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. M.","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio CESMAC,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"year":"2015","series-title":"Boletim Epidemiol\u00f3gico HIV\/AIDS","key":"ref1"},{"year":"2021","series-title":"Boletim Epidemiol\u00f3gico HIV\/AIDS","key":"ref2"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105243","article-title":"Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy","volume":"365","author":"COHEN M.S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.11.003","article-title":"Tuberculosis, social determinants and co-morbidities (including HIV)","volume":"24","author":"DUARTE R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.11.032","article-title":"Impact of HIV status and predictors of successful treatment outcomes among tuberculosis patients: a six-year retrospective cohort study","volume":"60","author":"FEKADU G.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery (London)"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq243","article-title":"The spectrum of engagement in HIV care and its relevance to test-and-treat strategies for prevention of HIV infection","volume":"52","author":"GARDNER E.M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07332-3","article-title":"Incidence and factors associated with active tuberculosis among people living with HIV after long-term antiretroviral therapy in Thailand: a competing risk model","volume":"22","author":"GATECHOMPOL S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002253","article-title":"Status and methodology of publicly available national HIV care continua and 90-90-90 targets: A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"GRANICH R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70692-3","article-title":"Effects of early versus delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment on clinical outcomes of HIV-1 infection: results from the phase 3 HPTN 052 randomised controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"GRINSZTEJN B.","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet. Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506816","article-title":"Initiation of antiretroviral therapy in early asymptomatic HIV infection","volume":"373","year":"2015","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","article-title":"Time to anti-retroviral therapy among people living with HIV enrolled into care in Myanmar: how prepared are we for \u2018test and treat\u2019?","volume":"11","author":"LINN K.Z.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Health Action"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-018-0387-y","article-title":"Serious non-AIDS conditions in HIV: benefit of Early ART","volume":"15","author":"LUNDGREN J.D.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current HIV\/AIDS Reports"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001510","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes for late presentation for hiv-positive persons in europe: results from the collaboration of observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study (COHERE)","volume":"10","author":"MOCROFT A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-1082-7","article-title":"Performance evaluation of the touchscreen-based Muse\u2122 Auto CD4\/CD4% single-platform system for CD4 T cell numeration in absolute number and in percentage using blood samples from children and adult patients living in the Central African Republic","volume":"14","author":"MOSSORO-KPINDE C.D.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000520","article-title":"Trends in and correlates of CD4+ cell count at antiretroviral therapy initiation after changes in national ART guidelines in Rwanda","volume":"29","author":"MUTIMURA E.","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.187021","article-title":"Addressing tuberculosis in differentiated care provision for people living with HIV","volume":"95","author":"PATHMANATHAN I.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e715","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30236-X","article-title":"Optimising treatment in the test-and-treat strategy: what are we waiting for?","volume":"6","author":"PHANUPHAK N.","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet. HIV"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2021.1884292","article-title":"HIV prevention among gay and other men who have sex with men: public policy and social movements in Brazil, 1983-2019","volume":"24","author":"PINHEIRO T.F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Culture, Health & Sexuality"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.5148","article-title":"Sexual activity without condoms and risk of HIV transmission in serodifferent couples when the HIV-positive partner is using suppressive antiretroviral therapy","volume":"316","author":"RODGER A.J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.3390\/v11121104","article-title":"HIV-1 latency and latency reversal: does subtype matter?","volume":"11","author":"SARABIA I.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2022.07.014","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency Virus: opportunistic infections and beyond","volume":"33","author":"SIRIPURAPU R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/veab011","article-title":"Test-and-treat coverage and HIV virulence evolution among men who have sex with men","volume":"7","author":"STANSFIELD S.E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virus Evolution"},{"issue":"9483","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67022-5","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapy in preventing AIDS and death: a prospective cohort study","volume":"366","author":"STERNE J.A.C.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001270","article-title":"Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"SUTHAR A.B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002822","article-title":"Changes in rapid HIV treatment initiation after national \u201ctreat all\u201d policy adoption in 6 sub-Saharan African countries: regression discontinuity analysis","volume":"16","author":"TYMEJCZYK O.","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"year":"2018","series-title":"Unaids data 2018","key":"ref26"},{"year":"2015","series-title":"Consolidated guidelines on hiv testing services","key":"ref27"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Biology"],"original-title":["Incid\u00eancia de doen\u00e7as oportunistas ap\u00f3s a estrat\u00e9gia \u201ctratar todos\u201d: coorte de 10 anos para HIV"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1519-69842024000101395&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T10:54:32Z","timestamp":1738925672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842024000101395&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S1519-69842024000101395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1519-6984.291515","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-4375","1519-6984"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1678-4375"},{"type":"print","value":"1519-6984"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"e291515"}}