{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:56:39Z","timestamp":1781520999251,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education and Culture","award":["DIPA PNBP 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DIPA PNBP 2024"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Culture","award":["B\/255.335\/UN14.4.A\/PT.01.03\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B\/255.335\/UN14.4.A\/PT.01.03\/2024"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019375","name":"Udayana University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DIPA PNBP 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DIPA PNBP 2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019375","name":"Udayana University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["B\/255.335\/UN14.4.A\/PT.01.03\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B\/255.335\/UN14.4.A\/PT.01.03\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz. J. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of several dangerous diseases, including dengue fever (DF), chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile fever, and yellow fever. Pongamia pinnata and Vitex trifolia are two multipurpose plant species that can be used for mosquito control. The present research aims to analyze the larvicidal and oviposition deterrent activities of P. pinnata and V. trifolia leaf extracts against Ae. aegypti. Pongamia pinnata and V. trifolia leaves were extracted using methanol, and the extracts were screened for phytochemical compounds. The extracts were tested for larvicidal and oviposition deterrent activities against Ae. aegypti at concentrations of 300, 400, 500, 800, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm with triplicates. Positive control (0.02% temephos) and negative control (0.01% Tween-80 in 0.5% aqueous acetone) were included. For larvicidal activity, 25 third-instar larvae were exposed to each test solution, and mortality was recorded after 24 and 48 hours. Lethal concentration 50% and 90% (LC50 and LC90) were calculated using Probit analysis. For oviposition-deterrent activity, 25 gravid female mosquitoes were placed in test cages. Eight ovitraps were placed in each cage, one for P. pinnata and another for V. trifolia test solutions. The number of eggs was counted under a dissecting microscope at 3 and 6 days. Results showed that both P. pinnata and V. trifolia leaf extracts contained phenols, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins. Terpenoids were only found in V. trifolia leaf extract. Larval mortality increased with increasing extract concentration. The highest larval mortality of 88% and 92% was achieved with concentrations of 2000 ppm and 1500 ppm for P. pinnata and V. trifolia extracts, respectively. The LC50 and LC90 after 24 hours of P. pinnata leaf extract were 891.41 ppm and 1252.25 ppm respectively while for V. trifolia leaf extract were 648.67 ppm and 1627.19 ppm respectively. Oviposition deterrent activity of P. pinnata leaf extract ranged from 7.02% - 19.33% at 300 \u2013 2000 ppm, whereas V. trifolia leaf extract was 91.16 - 95.81% at 1500 \u2013 2000 ppm. In conclusion, both P. pinnata and V. trifolia methanol leaf extracts exhibited dose-dependent larvicidal activity. Pongamia pinnata leaf extract showed low oviposition deterrent activity, with a mean of 11.59% at 300 \u2013 2000 ppm. Vitex trifolia leaf extract showed high oviposition deterrent activity of 91.16 - 95.81% at 1500\u20132000 ppm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.303159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:35:58Z","timestamp":1781519758000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Larvicidal and oviposition deterrent activities of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre and Vitex trifolia (L.) leaves extracts against mosquito (Aedes aegypti Linnaeus 1762)"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5970-8802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. L.","family":"Arpiwi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Udayana University,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2427-3401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. M. S.","family":"Wijaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Udayana University,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6372-7464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. K.","family":"Ekawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Udayana University,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Sutomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional,  Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29112657","article-title":"Chemical composition, repellent, and oviposition deterrent potential of wild plant essential oils against three mosquito species","volume":"29","author":"ABBAS M.G.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.12.035","article-title":"Larvicidal activity and histopathological changes of Cinnamomum burmannii, Syzygium aromaticum extracts and their combination on Culex pipiens.","volume":"29","author":"ABUTAHA N.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.4308\/hjb.32.5.1251-1259","article-title":"Evaluating the repellent efficacy of a Vitex trifolia L. leaf powder botanical formulation against oriental fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis)","volume":"32","author":"AINUN A.D.A.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hayati Journal of Biosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.48130\/mpb-0024-0016","article-title":"Environmental factors on secondary metabolism in medicinal plants: exploring accelerating factors","volume":"3","author":"ALAMI M.M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicinal Plant Biology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2022.1040.1046","article-title":"Evaluation of larvicidal activity of Kaempferia galanga extracts against Aedes aegypti larvae","volume":"25","author":"ANWAR R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d211060","article-title":"Essential oil from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent against Aedes aegypti.","volume":"21","author":"ARPIWI N.L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biodiversitas"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3390\/parasitologia1040022","article-title":"Larvicidal effect of Vitex ovata Thunb. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) leaf extract towards Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"1","author":"AZIZ M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.117481","article-title":"Larvicidal potential of some plants from West Africa against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) and Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: culicidae)","volume":"50","author":"AZOKOU A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Vector Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/insects17010034","article-title":"Phytochemical profiling and larvicidal activity of ethanolic extracts from Persea americana Mill. (Var. Lorena) against Aedes aegypti.","volume":"17","author":"BARRAG\u00c1N-AVILEZ C.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-011019-024918","article-title":"The global expansion of dengue: how Aedes aegypti mosquitoes enabled the first pandemic arbovirus","volume":"65","author":"BRADY O.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annual Review of Entomology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.715759","article-title":"Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infectious diseases and the challenges for control: a review","volume":"9","author":"CHALA B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23696","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03211-0","article-title":"High resolution proteomics of Aedes aegypti salivary glands infected with either dengue, zika or chikungunya viruses identify new virus specific and broad antiviral factors","volume":"11","author":"CHOWDHURY A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13090737","article-title":"A review of botanical extracts with repellent and insecticidal activity and their suitability for managing mosquito-borne disease risk in Mexico","volume":"13","author":"CORZO-G\u00d3MEZ J.C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3390\/insects15020120","article-title":"Widespread resistance to temephos in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Mexico","volume":"15","author":"DAVILA-BARBOZA J.A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3390\/insects7040065","article-title":"Mosquito oviposition behavior and vector control","volume":"7","author":"DAY J.F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116297","article-title":"A critical review of Pongamia pinnata multiple applications: from land remediation and carbon sequestration to socioeconomic benefits","volume":"324","author":"DEGANI E.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-06290-7","article-title":"Altitudinal impacts on phytochemical composition and mycorrhizal diversity of Reinwardtia indica Dumort, a medicinally valuable herb","volume":"25","author":"DHIMAN K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052690","article-title":"Plant secondary metabolites as defense tools against herbivores for sustainable crop protection","volume":"23","author":"DIVEKAR P.A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.11591\/ijphs.v11i4.21533","article-title":"Dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence in Indonesia using trend analysis test and spatial visualization","volume":"11","author":"GANI H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref20","first-page":"537","article-title":"Evaluation of toxicity of Vitex negundo L. synthesized silver nanoparticles against Aedes aegypti.","volume":"11","author":"GEORGE J.A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Science Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","first-page":"66","article-title":"Larvicidal and ovicidal activities of Vitex negundo Linn. (Family:Verbenaceae) plant extracts against dengue mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Linn.) (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"1","author":"GOKULAKRISHNAN J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Life Science Archives"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4379-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia: analysis of five decades data from the National Disease Surveillance","volume":"12","author":"HARAPAN H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Research Notes"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","first-page":"471","article-title":"Phytochemical screening and larvicidal activity of Murraya koenigii leaves extracts against mosquito larvae","volume":"22","author":"HARITH S.S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/eea.13401","article-title":"Efficacy of plant products in controlling disease vector mosquitoes, a review","volume":"172","author":"HILLARY V.E.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedinformatics2030026","article-title":"Aedes larva detection using ensemble learning to prevent dengue endemic","volume":"2","author":"HOSSAIN M.S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"BioMedInformatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","first-page":"37","article-title":"Dengue epidemiology","volume":"3","author":"JING Q.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Global Health Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11151944","article-title":"Review. Traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, biological properties, and health applications of Vitex sp","volume":"11","author":"KAMAL N.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-018-0250-1","article-title":"Comparing lethal dose ratios using probit regression with arbitrary slopes","volume":"19","author":"LEI C.","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.18311\/jbc\/2023\/32497","article-title":"Larvicidal effect of Pongamia pinnata plant extracts against Papilio demoleus Linnaeus (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)","volume":"37","author":"LINGAKARI M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","first-page":"493","article-title":"Larvicidal activity and efficacy of vitex species: A review","volume":"32","author":"LUKMIATI N.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science International"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.66826\/jomaph117","article-title":"Pongamia pinnata leaf extracts efficacy against the 4th instar larvae of Aedes vittatus (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"3","author":"MADHAVI M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Arthropodology & Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.367-371","article-title":"Larvicidal, adulticidal, and oviposition-deterrent activity of Piper betle L. essential oil to Aedes aegypti.","volume":"12","author":"MARTIANASARI R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Veterinary World"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3390\/insects13121093","article-title":"Chemical control of mosquitoes and the pesticide treadmill: a case for photosensitive insecticides as larvicides","volume":"13","author":"MEIER C.J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1322083","article-title":"A comprehensive review of ethno medicinal approaches, phytochemical analysis, and pharmacological potential of Vitex trifolia L","volume":"15","author":"MOTTAGHIPISHEH J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d240336","article-title":"Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from Lamongan District, Indonesia","volume":"24","author":"NISA A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biodiversitas"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref36","article-title":"Larvicidal activity of plant extracts from Colombian North Coast against Aedes aegypti L. mosquito larvae","volume":"15","author":"OLIVEROS-D\u00cdAZ A.F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arabian Journal of Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2987\/23-7164","article-title":"Scientific Note. Temephos resistance status of Aedes aegypti populations from Havana, Cuba","volume":"40","author":"PIEDRA L.A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06557","article-title":"Encapsulation, release and insecticidal activity of Pongamia pinnata (L.) seed oil","volume":"7","author":"PURKAIT A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s44274-025-00189-8","article-title":"Influence of environmental factors on phytochemical compositions and antioxidant activity of Juniperus communis L","volume":"3","author":"RAWAT P.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discover Environment"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref40","first-page":"4859","article-title":"Pytochemical screening, quantitative analysis of flavonoids and minerals in ethanolic extract of Citrus paradise.","volume":"9","author":"ROGHINI R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.22271\/23487941.2022.v9.i6a.641","article-title":"A review on plant phytochemicals potential for mosquito control","volume":"9","author":"SHAJAHAN A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Mosquito Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3390\/insects11040246","article-title":"Larvicidal, ovicidal, synergistic, and repellent activities of Sophora alopecuroides and its dominant constituents against Aedes albopictus.","volume":"11","author":"SHOUKAT R.F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3484","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25153484","article-title":"Plant natural products for the control of Aedes aegypti: the main vector of important arboviruses","volume":"25","author":"SILV\u00c9RIO M.R.S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.11591\/ijphs.v12i3.22843","article-title":"Insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti in Indonesia: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"SOFIANA L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health Science"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"01013","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202015101013","article-title":"Oviposition deterrent activity and ovicidal effect of Pometia pinnata leaves extract against dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Diftera: culicidae)","volume":"151","author":"SUHARYO L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"E3S Web of Conferences"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref46","first-page":"112","article-title":"Insecticidal activity of crude extracts from Pongamia pinnata (L.) against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say)","volume":"9","author":"SUMATHI G.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Entomological Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s41936-021-00233-y","article-title":"Screening of some weed extracts for ovicidal and larvicidal activities against dengue vector Aedes aegypti.","volume":"82","author":"TORAWANE S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref48","first-page":"197","article-title":"Efficacy of the extract from pongam (Pongamia pinnata) leaves against the cassava pink mealybug (Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero) under laboratory conditions","volume":"23","author":"TRAN D.H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Research on Crops"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Biology"],"original-title":["Atividades larvicidas e de dissuas\u00e3o de oviposi\u00e7\u00e3o de extratos de folhas de Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre e Vitex trifolia (L.) contra o mosquito (Aedes aegypti Linnaeus 1762)"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1519-69842026000100315&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:36:07Z","timestamp":1781519767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842026000100315&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S1519-69842026000100315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1519-6984.303159","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-4375","1519-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1678-4375","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1519-6984","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e303159"}}