{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T10:49:17Z","timestamp":1782730157502,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras."],"abstract":"<jats:p>SUMMARY  OBJECTIVE: Early pregnancy loss is a frequent reproductive health problem. Systemic inflammatory markers derived from complete blood count\u2014neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammatory index\u2014may reflect the inflammatory status present at clinical presentation. The aim of this study was to compare these indices between spontaneous abortion and threatened abortion.  METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 146 women evaluated between January 2022 and April 2025. Patients were classified as spontaneous abortion (n=67) or threatened abortion (n=79) based on clinical and ultrasonographic findings. neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammatory index were calculated from complete blood counts. Group comparisons were performed using the Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Blood samples were obtained at presentation, when the diagnosis of spontaneous abortion or threatened abortion had already been established; therefore, markers reflected concurrent inflammatory status rather than pre-diagnostic levels.  RESULTS: The groups were similar regarding age, body mass index, gravida, parity, and gestational age (all p&gt;0.05). Compared with threatened abortion, spontaneous abortion patients had significantly higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and systemic inflammatory index (all p&lt;0.05). Although platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values were numerically higher in the spontaneous abortion group, the difference was borderline and not statistically significant (p=0.058).  CONCLUSION: Spontaneous abortion is associated with a stronger systemic inflammatory profile at presentation. Elevated systemic inflammatory index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein levels reflect concurrent inflammation rather than definitive predictive or causal relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20251941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T10:42:00Z","timestamp":1782729720000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of serum \u0131nflammatory parameters between spontaneous abortion and threatened abortion"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3344-2935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Emre","family":"Peker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital,  Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4751-5944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu U\u00e7ar","family":"Kartal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital,  Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2109-1373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ufuk","family":"Atl\u0131han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital,  Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9021-5125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haydar","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital,  Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0841-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can","family":"Ata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u0130zmir Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital,  Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9535","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69204-0","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage","volume":"368","author":"Rai R","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10285","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00682-6","article-title":"Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss","volume":"397","author":"Quenby S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58382-4","article-title":"Frequency of factors associated with habitual abortion in 197 couples","volume":"66","author":"Stephenson MD","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil 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