{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T11:06:16Z","timestamp":1790593576796,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras."],"abstract":"<jats:p>SUMMARY  OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the clinical significance of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.  METHODS: This case-control study included 40 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 40 healthy control women. Serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 and high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels were measured via commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, according to the manufacturer's instructions.  RESULTS: Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 levels were statistically significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome than controls (p&lt;0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, an increase in serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 level demonstrated a significant association with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis (p=0.011). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 was found to be 0.800 (p&lt;0.001). Setting the cut-off value at 45.22 pg\/mL, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 65.0%. In the logistic regression analysis that incorporated homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, anti-m\u00fcllerian hormone, and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, a 1 pg\/mL rise in soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 was associated with a 1.07-fold increase in the odds of polycystic ovary syndrome, a 3.10-fold increase in the odds due to a 1-point rise in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and a 3.24-fold increase in the odds for every 1 ng\/mL rise in anti-m\u00fcllerian hormone. The model incorporating anti-m\u00fcllerian hormone, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 predicted polycystic ovary syndrome with 83.8% accuracy, 90.0% specificity, and 77.5% sensitivity.  CONCLUSION: Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 may serve as an indicator of the chronic inflammatory process in polycystic ovary syndrome and could be a complementary marker rather than a diagnostic marker for polycystic ovary syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20260286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T10:49:35Z","timestamp":1790592575000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8920-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylan","family":"Onat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences","place":["Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9325-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senem Arda","family":"Duz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2183-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erdinc","family":"Saridogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4752-5176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selami","family":"Gunal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6750-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamze Nur Cimilli","family":"Senocak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ataturk University","place":["Erzurum, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3994-4263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gorkem","family":"Tuncay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2010-6211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Karaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.10.020","article-title":"Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in European countries and USA: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"279","author":"Chiaffarino F","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G43","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad096","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"189","author":"Teede HJ","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11123262","article-title":"Influence of phenotypes on the metabolic syndrome of women with polycystic ovary syndrome over a six-year follow-up in Brazil","volume":"11","author":"Soares-Jr JM","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360077","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2024.2360077","article-title":"Menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis immaturity in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Zuchelo LTS","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05951-2","article-title":"Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): an update","volume":"303","author":"Abraham Gnanadass S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.04.008","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy","volume":"182","author":"Patel S","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10386","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110386","article-title":"Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in inflammation and disease: mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and future directions","volume":"26","author":"Trivedi N","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1159\/000355892","article-title":"Distinct signaling cascades of TREM-1, TLR and NLR in neutrophils and monocytic cells","volume":"6","author":"Pr\u00fcfer S","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4092470","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4092470","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"2020","author":"Rudnicka E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810805","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1810805","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and altered carbohydrate metabolism in PCOS: a scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Kisia\u0142a M","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref11","first-page":"3115","article-title":"Phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase-independent insulin action pathway(s) in the human ovary","volume":"86","author":"Poretsky L","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052320","article-title":"Unveiling gestational diabetes: an overview of pathophysiology and management","volume":"26","author":"Mittal R","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2012.2503","article-title":"TREM-1 is a positive regulator of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-8 production in U937 foam cells","volume":"12","author":"Wang YS","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29912","article-title":"Pathophysiological roles of chronic low-grade inflammation mediators in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"236","author":"Rostamtabar M","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030382","article-title":"Hormonal and metabolic factors influence the action of progesterone on the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Baracat MCP","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.119968","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: novel insights and updates","volume":"23","author":"Zhao W","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3109\/01443611003763408","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Karaer A","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9949753","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9949753","article-title":"Association of Prx4, total oxidant status, and inflammatory factors with insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"2021","author":"Mazloomi S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3540","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14173540","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome are not elevated and show no correlation with vitamin D metabolites","volume":"14","author":"Moin ASM","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164.e31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2024.10.004","article-title":"New insights into the relationship of antim\u00fcllerian hormone with polycystic ovary syndrome and its diagnostic accuracy: an updated and extended meta-analysis using a marginal beta-binomial model","volume":"232","author":"Barghi M","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.5.4","article-title":"The diagnostic value of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in post-traumatic bacterial endophthalmitis","volume":"64","author":"Tang Q","year":"2023","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983827","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.983827","article-title":"Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 deletion in mice attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity","volume":"13","author":"Brustolin B","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R69","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7876","article-title":"Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 expression on monocytes is associated with inflammation but not with infection in acute pancreatitis","volume":"13","author":"Ferat-Osorio E","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21714","article-title":"Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in the population with obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"25","author":"Subramanian S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2012.01053.x","article-title":"The effect of obesity on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Lim SS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01346-x","article-title":"Correlation between biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism parameter in polycystic ovary syndrome in relation to age","volume":"23","author":"Guo Z","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"}],"container-title":["Revista da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica Brasileira"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0104-42302026000902204&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T10:49:38Z","timestamp":1790592578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-42302026000902204&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["S0104-42302026000902204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1806-9282.20260286","relation":{},"ISSN":["1806-9282","0104-4230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1806-9282","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0104-4230","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e20260286"}}