{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:10:32Z","timestamp":1790399432534,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Summary Introduction: Chikungunya (CHIK) is a tropical arbovirus, transmitted by the female mosquito Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. In Brazil, there have been cases reported since 2014. The initial manifestations of this virus are sudden onset high fever, headache, chills, rashes, myalgia and intense joint pain. Usually, CHIK presents the acute and chronic phases, the latter characterized by bilateral polyarthralgia, which can last for months or even years. During this period, autoimmune diseases can be triggered, making the picture even more complicated. Method: A systematic review was performed on the PubMed and Scielo databases in January 2017. Clinical trials, cohorts, case-control and case reports were included in the study. Expert opinions, societal consensuses and literary reviews were exclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The studies were descriptively analyzed and the data was grouped according to methodological similarity. Results: Twenty-four (24) articles were selected and, in compliance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 were eliminated, with six studies remaining in the present review: five clinical trials and one case report. Conclusion: When the manifestations of CHIK become chronic and, the longer they last, more complications arise. Polyarthralgia can be immaterial, distancing individuals from their daily-life activities. Anti-inflammatory drugs (either steroid or not), in addition to immunosuppressants, homeopathy and physiotherapy are measures of treatment that, according to the literature, have been successful in relieving or extinguishing symptoms. However, it is fundamental that studies of CHIK treatment be further developed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.64.01.63","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,14]],"date-time":"2018-03-14T19:15:56Z","timestamp":1521054956000},"page":"63-70","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Treatment of chikungunya chronic arthritis: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Gabriella Maria Pitt Gameiro","family":"Sales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabel Crystine Pereira","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Maia Sampaio","family":"Canejo Neta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma Lopes de","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael de Azevedo","family":"Leit\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8072-337X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo Moura de Albuquerque","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFPE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5935\/1806-0013.20160093","article-title":"Chikungunya: vision of the pain clinician","volume":"17","author":"Castro APCR","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Dor"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2009.08.005","article-title":"A report of 21 cases of rheumatoid arthritis following Chikungunya fever. A mean follow-up of two years","volume":"76","author":"Bouquillard E","year":"2009","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901610010129","article-title":"A review of Chikungunya virus-induced arthralgia: clinical manifestations, therapeutics, and pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Goupil BA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Rheumatol J"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"36","article-title":"Emerging arboviruses and public health challenges in Brazil","volume":"50","author":"Lima-Camara TN","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1406035","article-title":"Chikungunya virus and the global spread of a mosquito-borne disease","volume":"372","author":"Weaver SC","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1408509","article-title":"Chikungunya at the door - d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu all over again","volume":"371","author":"Morens DM","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref7","first-page":"906","article-title":"Chikungunya: an arbovirus infection in the process of establishment and expansion in Brazil","volume":"31","author":"Hon\u00f3rio NA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.147","article-title":"Chronic chikungunya virus musculoskeletal disease:what are the underlying mechanisms?","volume":"11","author":"McCarthy MK","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.3855\/T2.2.140","article-title":"Ribavirin therapy for Chikungunya arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Ravichandran R","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Higgins JPT","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38221","article-title":"Effectiveness of chloroquine and inflammatory cytokine response in patients with early persistent musculoskeletal pain and arthritis following Chikungunya virus infection","volume":"66","author":"Chopra A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumat"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003603","article-title":"Specific management of post-chikungunya rheumatic disorders: a retrospective study of 159 cases in Reunion Island from 2006-2012","volume":"9","author":"Javelle E","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-2979-x","article-title":"Chikungunya infection in the general population and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on biological therapy","volume":"34","author":"Rosario V","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"S57","article-title":"Physiotherapeutic approach on the late phase of chikungunya: a case report","volume":"16","author":"Ribeiro AMBM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Bras Sa\u00fade Matern Infant"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2013.02.001","article-title":"Homeopathic drug therapy. Homeopathy in Chikungunya fever and post-Chikungunya chronic arthritis: an observational study","volume":"102","author":"Wadhwani GG","year":"2013","journal-title":"Homeopathy"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70217-7","article-title":"On the use of chloroquine for chikungunya","volume":"7","author":"Savarino A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31827d8790","article-title":"Mechanistic aspects of inflammation and clinical management of inflammation in acute gouty arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Cronstein BN","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18","article-title":"A case of chikungunya virus induced arthralgia responsive to colchicine","volume":"3","author":"Rendel H","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Revista da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica Brasileira"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/ramb\/v64n1\/0104-4230-ramb-64-01-0063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T08:15:52Z","timestamp":1603959352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-42302018000100063&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0104-42302018000100063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1806-9282.64.01.63","relation":{},"ISSN":["1806-9282","0104-4230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1806-9282","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0104-4230","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}}}