{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:58:56Z","timestamp":1785506336990,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["E-26\/200.257\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.257\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["-26\/204.521\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-26\/204.521\/2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. bras. epidemiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT  Objective:  This study aimed to evaluate the configural and metric structure, as well as internal consistency, of the Brazilian Portuguese adaptation of an instrument designed to assess mistreatment during childbirth.  Methods:  Data were drawn from the \u201cBirth in Brazil\u201d II, carried out in 2023\/2024, comprising 1,881 women hospitalized for childbirth in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Initially, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the original dimensional structure. Due to an inadequate model, exploratory factor analysis was performed to reassess the factorial structure. Applying predefined criteria, items presenting cross-loadings or possible residual correlations were removed. The remaining items were subsequently evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 coefficients.  Results:  The final solution comprised 17 items distributed across four dimensions: verbal abuse; neglect and disrespect; stigma, discrimination and lack of privacy; and innappropriate vaginal examinations. The final model presented acceptable fit indices, satisfactory factorial definition, and no item redundancy. Most dimensions showed reasonable internal consistency, except the stigma, discrimination, and lack of privacydimension.  Conclusion:  The findings suggest that further psychometric evaluation is necessary to establish the instrument\u2019s validity and reliability. Its use for assessing mistreatment during childbirth or obstetric violence in Brazil should be done with caution. Future psychometric studies using this instrument are recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-549720260036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:02:14Z","timestamp":1785502934000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dimensional structure and internal consistency of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8633-7290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele Souza","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2532-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9598-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00edlia Arndt","family":"Mesenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8499-9215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thaiza Dutra Gomes e","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3047-515X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria do Carmo","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2861-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana Henriques","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"ref1","article-title":"Epidemiology of obstetric violence: a narrative review of the Brazilian context","volume":"29","author":"Leite TH","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"40","article-title":"What, what for and how? Developing measurement instruments in epidemiology","volume":"55","author":"Reichenheim M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102006005000035","article-title":"Operacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de adapta\u00e7\u00e3o transcultural de instrumentos de aferi\u00e7\u00e3o usados em epidemiologia","volume":"41","author":"Reichenheim ME","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001847","article-title":"The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Bohren MA","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"10210","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31992-0","article-title":"How women are treated during facility-based childbirth in four countries: a cross-sectional study with labour observations and community-based surveys","volume":"394","author":"Bohren MA","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0603-x","article-title":"Methodological development of tools to measure how women are treated during facility-based childbirth in four countries: labor observation and community survey","volume":"18","author":"Bohren MA","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Development of measures for assessing mistreatment of women during facility-based childbirth based on labour observations","volume":"5","author":"Berger BO","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Women\u2019s report of mistreatment during facility-based childbirth: validity and reliability of community survey measures","volume":"5","author":"Leslie HH","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref9","article-title":"Protocolo do \u201cNascer no Brasil II: Pesquisa Nacional sobre Aborto, Parto e Nascimento\u201d","volume":"40","author":"Leal MC","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008846618880","article-title":"A model of equivalence in the cultural adaptation of HRQoL instruments: the universalist approach","volume":"7","author":"Herdman M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research","author":"Brown TA","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02294623","article-title":"Model modification","volume":"54","author":"S\u00f6rbom D","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Factor analysis","author":"Gorsuch RL","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105526","article-title":"Structural validity of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI): a reduced version for use on respondents as victims and perpetrators","volume":"127","author":"Reichenheim ME","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abuse Neglt"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Structural equation modeling: a second course","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1108\/978-1-62396-246-320251015","volume-title":"Non-normal and categorical data in structural equation modeling","author":"Finney S","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311X00143613","article-title":"Assessing construct structural validity of epidemiological measurement tools: a seven-step roadmap","volume":"30","author":"Reichenheim ME","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n LK","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Psychometric theory","author":"Nunnally J","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 19","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia"],"original-title":["Estrutura dimensional e consist\u00eancia interna da vers\u00e3o brasileira do Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth Questionnaire"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1415-790X2026000101031&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:02:17Z","timestamp":1785502937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-790X2026000101031&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["S1415-790X2026000101031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1980-549720260036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1980-5497","1415-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1980-5497","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1415-790X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e260036"}}