{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T17:26:15Z","timestamp":1755797175858,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PQ 303837\/2018-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PQ 303837\/2018-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Cir. Bras."],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT  Purpose: To evaluate whether enemas containing sucralfate (SCF) alone or in combination with n-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream.  Methods: Forty-eight rats were subjected to left colostomy and distal rectal mucous fistula. During the procedure, 2 cm of the colon was collected to constitute the sham group. Twelve weeks after the surgical procedure, the animals were divided into two groups (n = 24) and received daily enemas containing saline, SCF (2 g\/kg), NAC (100 mg\/kg), or SCF + NAC (2 g\/kg + 100 mg\/kg, respectively) for two or four weeks. At the end of the intervention period, the animals were euthanized, and colonic segments without fecal stream were removed for histological and biochemical analyses. The diagnosis of colitis was made by histological analysis, and the inflammatory score was assessed using a validated scale. The neutrophilic infiltrate was evaluated by quantifying the content of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the tissue. OS was determined by evaluating the activity of colonic antioxidant systems (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The differences among subgroups were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney\u2019s test, whereas changes over time were analyzed via the Kruskal-Wallis\u2019 test, with the significance level of 5% (p &lt; 0.05).  Results: Enemas with SCF and NAC alone or in combination reduced colonic inflammation and the tissue levels of MPO and MDA and increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes.  Conclusion: SCF and NAC enemas alone or in combination reduced inflammation activity and OS in colon segments without fecal stream.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/acb406325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T15:08:48Z","timestamp":1755529728000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enemas with sucralfate and n-acetylcysteine can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in colonic mucosa without fecal stream"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7407-422X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo C\u00e9sar","family":"Zanesco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0360-8620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateus Magami","family":"Yoshitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3629-0316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe Leonardo","family":"Fagundes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6233-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Guilherme","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0155-8099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poliana Pacciulli","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3442-7224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qu\u00e9lita Cristina","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3937-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Aires","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9824-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel de C\u00e1ssia","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8088-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Augusto Real","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade S\u00e3o Francisco,  Brazil; 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