{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:12:42Z","timestamp":1790885562694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq. Gastroenterol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>CONTEXT: Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic hepatopathy which constitutes an irreversible stage of liver dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the oxidative stress in the blood of cirrhotic rats treated with the antioxidant melatonin. METHODS: Cirrhosis was induced through inhalation of carbon tetrachloride. Liver integrity was evaluated by measuring serum enzymes, oxidative damage measured by lipoperoxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activity in erythrocytes. Lipoperoxidation, total nitrates, collagen, and histology by picrosirius staining were evaluated in the livers of these animals (n = 15), which were divided in three groups: control, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon tetrachloride + melatonin. Melatonin (20 mg\/kg) was administered intraperitoneal from week 10 of carbon tetrachloride inhalation. In order to shorten the cirrhosis induction time, phenobarbital (0.3 g\/L) was added to the animals' drinking water. RESULTS: A significant impairment in the liver integrity of melatonin-treated animals as compared to cirrhotic animals was observed. In rat erythrocytes and liver, lipoperoxidation was significantly increased in the cirrhotic rats as compared to controls, as measured through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and significantly decreased in melatonin-treated animals as compared to cirrhotic ones. In blood, a decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes was detected in the cirrhotic group as compared to the control group, with increased superoxide dismutase activity when melatonin was administered. A reduction in the levels of total nitrates was detected in the hepatic tissue of the animals in the carbon tetrachloride group as compared to the control group and an increase of these levels in the carbon tetrachloride + melatonin group. As for hepatic collagen, we found a significant increase in the carbon tetrachloride group as compared to the controls and a regression of these values in the treated group. In histology, the rats in the carbon tetrachloride group showed fibrosis and formation of fibrotic nodules, characterizing liver cirrhosis; there was reduction of nodules and fibrosis in the melatonin treated group. CONCLUSION: The data allow us to suggest that the observed oxidative stress is related to the damages caused by carbon tetrachloride and that the use of melatonin can minimize these damages<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004-28032010000100013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]],"date-time":"2017-03-31T20:40:48Z","timestamp":1490992848000},"page":"72-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Melatonin protects the liver and erythrocytes against oxidative stress in cirrhotic rats"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Darlan Pase da","family":"Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lutheran University of Brazil; Clinical Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lutheran University of Brazil; Clinical Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Simonetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Heath Sciences, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Zettler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lutheran University of Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Augusto","family":"Marroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Heath Sciences, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma Possa","family":"Marroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lutheran University of Brazil; Clinical Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro","volume":"105","author":"Aebi H","year":"1984","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0076-6879","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.8.8666165","article-title":"Neurohormone melatonin prevents cell damage: effect on gene expression for antioxidant enzymes","volume":"10","author":"Antolin I","year":"1996","journal-title":"Faseb J."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(83)90482-4","article-title":"Increased chemiluminescence and superoxide production in the liver of chronically ethanol-treated rats","volume":"227","author":"Boveris A","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701163360306","article-title":"Melatonin in humans","volume":"336","author":"Brzezinski A","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6","article-title":"Microsomal lipid peroxidation","volume":"52","author":"Buege JA","year":"1978","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0076-6879","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"311","article-title":"Reduction of carbon tetrachloride in vivo and reduction of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform in vitro by tissues and tissue constituents","volume":"134","author":"Butler TC","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.26.1.46","article-title":"Parasites of animals and the public health in North America","volume":"26","author":"Cameron TW","year":"1936","journal-title":"Am J Public Health Nations Health."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)32099-X","article-title":"The importance of redox state in liver damage","volume":"3","author":"Cesaratto L","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol."},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"40","article-title":"Experimental cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride inhalation: adaptation of the technique and evaluation of lipid peroxidation","volume":"38","author":"Cremonese RV","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arq Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76122-X","article-title":"Spectrophotometric studies: I. 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