{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:56:22Z","timestamp":1791312982665,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A prospective study was designed to evaluate disorders of hemostasis and levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) in 30 patients with severe leptospirosis and acute renal failure (ARF) (ARF was defined as serum creatinine &gt; or = 1.5 mg\/dL). The patients had been admitted to the Walter Cant\u00eddio University Hospital, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 Infectious Diseases Hospital and General Hospital of Fortaleza, Cear\u00e1, from August 1999 to July 2001. They all were male, with a mean age of 32 \u00b1 14 years and with clinical and laboratory diagnoses of ARF leptospirosis. The time elapsed between onset of symptoms and the first hemorrhagic manifestation was 9 \u00b1 4 days. Bleeding was observed in 86% of the patients. Laboratory tests showed significantly high levels of urea (181 \u00b195 mg\/dl), fibrinogen, (515 \u00b1 220 mg\/dl), prothrombin time (13.3 \u00b1 0.9 seconds) and low platelet counts (69 \u00b1 65x10\u00b3\/mm\u00b3) on admission. There was no elevation in activated partial thromboplastin time or thrombin time. Levels of IgM and IgG ACL concentrations were significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) in leptospirosis patients when compared to control patients (28.5 \u00b1 32.4 vs. 11.5 \u00b1 7.9MPL U\/ml and 36.7 \u00b1 36.1 vs. 6.5 \u00b1 2.5 GPL U\/ml), respectively. Vasculitis, thrombocytopenia and uremia should be considered important factors for the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic disturbances and the main cause of death in severe leptospirosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652002000200006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,27]],"date-time":"2005-04-27T13:29:53Z","timestamp":1114608593000},"page":"85-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Evaluation of hemostasis disorders and anticardiolipin antibody in patients with severe leptospirosis"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth De Francesco","family":"DAHER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Brasil; Secretaria de Sa\u00fade do Estado do Cear\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Holanda","family":"OLIVEIRA NETO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana Marcela Pineida","family":"RAMIREZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Doen\u00e7as infecciosas e parasit\u00e1rias","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Leptospirose","author":"CORREA M.O.A.","year":"1982","edition":"7"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.630","article-title":"Risk factors for death and changing patterns in leptospirosis acute renal failure","volume":"61","author":"DAHER E.F.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Amer. 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