{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T00:33:44Z","timestamp":1793752424683,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The seroprevalence and geographic distribution of HTLV-1\/2 among blood donors are extremely important to transfusion services. We evaluated the seroprevalence of HTLV-1\/2 infection among first-time blood donor candidates in Ribeir\u00e3o Preto city and region. From January 2000 to December 2010, 1,038,489 blood donations were obtained and 301,470 were first-time blood donations. All samples were screened with serological tests for HTLV-1\/2 using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In addition, the frequency of coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chagas disease (CD) and syphilis was also determined. In-house PCR was used as confirmatory test for HTLV-1\/2. A total of 296 (0.1%) first-time donors were serologically reactive for HTLV-1\/2. Confirmatory PCR of 63 samples showed that 28 were HTLV-1 positive, 13 HTLV-2 positive, 19 negative and three indeterminate. Regarding HTLV coinfection rates, the most prevalent was with HBV (51.3%) and HCV (35.9%), but coinfection with HIV, CD and syphilis was also detected. The real number of HTLV-infected individual and coinfection rate in the population is underestimated and epidemiological studies like ours are very informative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652012000300002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,23]],"date-time":"2012-05-23T12:27:16Z","timestamp":1337776036000},"page":"123-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["HTLV-1\/2 seroprevalence and coinfection rate in Brazilian first-time blood donors: an 11-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Mariana Tomazini","family":"Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil; University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evandra Strazza","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil; University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tathiane Maistro","family":"Malta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil; University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rochele","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osvaldo Massaiti","family":"Takayanagui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanderl\u00e9ia B\u00e1rbaro","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eug\u00eania Maria Amorim","family":"Ubiali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimas Tadeu","family":"Covas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil; University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Kashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil; University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200308010-00016","article-title":"Globin haplotypes of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-infected individuals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, suggest a post-Columbian African origin of this virus","volume":"33","author":"Alcantara Jr LC","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0894-9255","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6035","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208970","article-title":"Cellular immune response to HTLV-1","volume":"24","author":"Bangham CR","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0950-9232","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0342","article-title":"Retroviral coinfections: HIV and HTLV. 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