{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T13:36:23Z","timestamp":1758893783687},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study aimed at measuring seropositivities for infection by Ascaris suum and Toxocara canis using the excretory\/secretory (E\/S) antigens from Ascaris suum (AES) and Toxocara canis (TES) within an indigenous population. In addition, quantification of cytokine expressions in peripheral blood cells was determined. A total of 50 Warao indigenous were included; of which 43 were adults and seven children. In adults, 44.1% were seropositive for both parasites; whereas children had only seropositivity to one or the other helminth. For ascariosis, the percentage of AES seropositivity in adults and children was high; 23.3% and 57.1%, respectively. While that for toxocariosis, the percentage of TES seropositivity in adults and children was low; 9.3% and 14.3%, respectively. The percentage of seronegativity was comparable for AES and TES antigens in adults (27.9%) and children (28.6%). When positive sera were analyzed by Western blotting technique using AES antigens; three bands of 97.2, 193.6 and 200.2 kDas were mostly recognized. When the TES antigens were used, nine major bands were mostly identified; 47.4, 52.2, 84.9, 98.2, 119.1, 131.3, 175.6, 184.4 and 193.6 kDas. Stool examinations showed that Blastocystis hominis, Hymenolepis nana and Entamoeba coli were the most commonly observed intestinal parasites. Quantification of cytokines IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, IL-6, TGF-\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-10 and IL-4 expressions showed that there was only a significant increased expression of IL-4 in indigenous with TES seropositivity (p &lt; 0.002). Ascaris and Toxocara seropositivity was prevalent among Warao indigenous.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652015000100007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]],"date-time":"2015-01-28T19:36:22Z","timestamp":1422473782000},"page":"47-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["SEROPOSITIVITY FOR ASCARIOSIS AND TOXOCARIOSIS AND CYTOKINE EXPRESSION AMONG THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THE VENEZUELAN DELTA REGION"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Zaida","family":"Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sietze","family":"Brandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda A.","family":"Bochichio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albina","family":"Wide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Rivas-Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Central de Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Hematologic values among Warao indians with tuberculosis from the Orinoco delta of Venezuela","volume":"54","author":"Araujo Z","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Cient Venez"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.447","article-title":"Ascariasis in Japan: is pig-derived <em>Ascaris<\/em> infecting humans?","volume":"63","author":"Arizono N","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas","volume-title":"Desenvolvimento de teste imunoenzim\u00e1tico, ELISA, para o diagn\u00f3stico da toxocar\u00edase humana. 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