{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T20:15:41Z","timestamp":1767212141713},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Cir. Bras."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Bacterial translocation occurs in preseptic conditions such as intestinal obstruction through unclear mechanism. The C-reactive protein is an acute phase reactant and a marker of ischemia. METHODS: 45 albino male rats were divided into 3 groups each 15 rats. GI control, GII simple intestinal-obstruction and GIII strangulated obstruction. Outcome measures were: (1) Bacteriologic count and typing for intestinal contents, intestinal wall, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes and blood (cardiac and portal) (2) Histopathologic: mucosal injury score, inflammatory cell infiltrate in the wall, MLN, liver, (3) Biochemical: serum CRP, IL-10, mucosal stress pattern (glutathione peroxidase-malonyldialdhyde tissue levels). RESULTS: (1) Intestinal obstruction associates with BT precursors (Bact-overgrowth, mucosal-acidosis, immuno-incomptence), (2) Bacterial translocation (frequency and density) was found higher in strangulated I.O, that was mainly enteric (aerobic and anaerobic) and mostly E.coli, (3) The pathogen commonality supports the gut origin hypothesis but the systemic inflammatory response goes with the cytokine generating one. (4) The CRP median values for GI, II, III were 0.5, 6.9, 8.5 mg\/L, for BT +ve 8 mg\/L and 0.75 mg\/L for BT -ve rats. CONCLUSION: Bacterial translocation occurs bi-directional (systemic-portal) in intestinal obstruction and the resultant inflammatory response pathogenesis is mostly 3 hit model. The CRP is a non selective marker of suspected I.O cases. However, it is a reliable marker of BT, BT density and vascular compromise during I.O.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-86502009000200005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]],"date-time":"2009-04-15T18:23:19Z","timestamp":1239819799000},"page":"98-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Bacterial translocation in an experimental intestinal obstruction model: C-reactive protein reliability?"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Saleh Ibrahim","family":"El-Awady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mansoura University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"El-Nagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mansoura University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Medhat","family":"El-Dakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mansoura University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ragab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mansoura University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghada","family":"Elnady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mansoura University, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-1433.2003.02681.x","article-title":"C-reactive protein may be a marker of bacterial translocation in experimental intestinal obstruction","volume":"74","author":"Cevikel MH","year":"2004","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2002.116408","article-title":"Bacterial translocation or lymphatic drainage of toxic products from the gut: what is important in human beings?","volume":"131","author":"Deitch EA.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surgery","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0039-6060","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"23","article-title":"Bacterial translocation in surgical patients","volume":"28","author":"Gatt M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Recent Adv Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1989.01410060065013","article-title":"Simple intestinal obstruction causes bacterial translocation in man","volume":"124","author":"Deitch EA.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0004-0010","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199808000-00007","article-title":"The role of interdigestive small bowel motility in the regulation of gut microflora, bacterial overgrowth, and bacterial translocation in rats","volume":"228","author":"Nieuwenhuijs VB","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0003-4932","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(97)90020-9","article-title":"Interleukin-10 reduces the systemic inflammatory response in a murine model of intestinal ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"122","author":"Lane JS","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surgery","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0039-6060","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G937","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00235.2001","article-title":"Gut-associated lymphoid T cell suppression enhances bacterial translocation in alcohol and burn injury","volume":"282","author":"Choudhry MA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8566578","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein is a useful diagnostic marker for mesenteric infarction in humans","volume":"110","author":"Kanda T","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-5085","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","first-page":"73","article-title":"Applications of acute phase reactants in infectious diseases","volume":"32","author":"Johnson HL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","first-page":"133","article-title":"Review: biology and relevance of C-reactive protein in cardiovascular and renal disease","volume":"30","author":"Westhuyzen J","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0091-7370","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry OH","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9258","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","first-page":"158","article-title":"Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase","volume":"70","author":"Paglia DE","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-2143","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.1997.420369.x","article-title":"Characterization of apoptosis in intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a light and electron microscopic study","volume":"78","author":"Shah KA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0959-9673","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Comparative evaluation of the effects of electrical stimulation and therapeutic ultrasound on wound healing in rabbits","author":"Nanis ON."},{"issue":"7","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6337-3","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen ameliorates bacterial translocation in rats with mechanical intestinal obstruction","volume":"45","author":"Akin ML","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0012-3706","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054126","article-title":"Intestinal obstruction promotes gut translocation of bacteria","volume":"38","author":"Sagar PM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0012-3706","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.12.2578.2578","article-title":"Oxidants, ATP depletion, and endothelial permeability to macromolecules","volume":"76","author":"Wilson J","year":"1990","journal-title":"Blood","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-4971","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112071","article-title":"Oxidants increase paracellular permeability in a cultured epithelial cell line","volume":"76","author":"Welsh MJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Invest","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9738","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900065","article-title":"Role of the gut in multiple organ failure: bacterial translocation and permeability changes","volume":"20","author":"Swank GM","year":"1996","journal-title":"World J Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0364-2313","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.8.905","article-title":"Involvement of neutrophils in postischaemic damage to the small intestine","volume":"32","author":"Schoenberg MH","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0017-5749","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.5.610","article-title":"Absence of endogenous interleukin 10 enhances early stress response during post-ischaemic injury in mice intestine","volume":"48","author":"Zingarelli B","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0017-5749","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4137","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.4137","article-title":"The essential role of the intestinal microbiota in facilitating acute inflammatory responses","volume":"173","author":"Souza DG","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1767","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(97)00488-7","article-title":"Alterations in intestinal barrier function do not predispose to translocation of enteric bacteria in gastroenterologic patients","volume":"14","author":"O'Boyle CJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nutrition","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0029-6600","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/030006059602400103","article-title":"Bacterial translocation in experimental intestinal obstruction","volume":"24","author":"Akcay MN","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Int Med Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0300-0605","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","first-page":"18","article-title":"Disruption of the intestinal barrier and bacterial translocation in an experimental model of intestinal obstruction","volume":"51","author":"Antequera R","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Cient Venez","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0001-5504","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200208000-00010","article-title":"The effects of pentoxifylline on bacterial translocation after intestinal obstruction","volume":"18","author":"Kocdor MA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Shock","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1073-2322","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(94)95953-6","article-title":"Adherent bacteria: breaching the mucosal barrier?","volume":"106","author":"Boedeker EC.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-5085","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.55.11.2689-2694.1987","article-title":"Role of anaerobic flora in the translocation of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic intestinal bacteria","volume":"55","author":"Wells CL","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infect Immun","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0019-9567","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.1.29","article-title":"Microbiology of bacterial translocation in humans","volume":"42","author":"O'Boyle CJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0017-5749","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1991.01410250037005","article-title":"Studies of the route, magnitude, and time course of bacterial translocation in a model of systemic inflammation","volume":"126","author":"Mainous MR","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0004-0010","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800800733","article-title":"Translocation of enteric bacteria in humans","volume":"80","author":"Brooks SG","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0007-1323","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199105000-00006","article-title":"Gut bacterial translocation via the portal vein: a clinical perspective with major torso trauma","volume":"31","author":"Moore FA","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Trauma","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-5282","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.2.223","article-title":"Gut origin of sepsis: a prospective study investigating associations between bacterial translocation, gastric microflora, and septic morbidity","volume":"45","author":"MacFie J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0017-5749","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199901000-00017","article-title":"Thoracic duct in patients with multiple organ failure: no major route of bacterial translocation","volume":"229","author":"Lemaire LC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0003-4932","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.111698","article-title":"Factors larger than 100 kd in post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph are toxic for endothelial cells","volume":"129","author":"Adams CA Jr","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surgery","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0039-6060","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199402000-00010","article-title":"Evidence favoring the role of the gut as a cytokine-generating organ in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock","volume":"1","author":"Deitch EA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Shock","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1073-2322","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01799.x","article-title":"Endotoxin, cytokines and lipid peroxides in children with intussusception","volume":"88","author":"Willetts IE","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0007-1323","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)00231-7","article-title":"The role of the gastrointestinal tract in postinjury multiple organ failure","volume":"178","author":"Moore FA.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9610","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["Acta Cirurgica Brasileira"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/acb\/v24n2\/05.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T05:08:03Z","timestamp":1633324083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-86502009000200005&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0102-86502009000200005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0102-86502009000200005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0102-8650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0102-8650","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}