{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:32:13Z","timestamp":1778279533445,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Cir. Bras."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PURPOSE: To compare the hemodynamic effects following a toxic dose of either agent after intravenous injection in swines, as might accidentally occur during regional anesthesia in humans. METHODS: Large White pigs were anesthetized with thiopental, tracheal intubation was performed and mechanical ventilation was instituted. Hemodynamic variables were recorded with invasive pressure monitoring and pulmonary artery catheterization. After a 30-minute resting period, the animals were randomly divided into two groups in a double-blinded fashion and received a bolus intravenous injection of 4 mg.kg-1 of either agent. Hemodynamic results were evaluated at rest and 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes after intoxication. RESULTS: Hemodynamic repressions of acute intoxication with levobupivacaine were more important and more prolonged than those of ropivaca\u00edna. CONCLUSION: In pigs, levobupivacaine was shown to be more toxic than ropivacaine when the same large doses are injected intravenously.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-86502009000400009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,20]],"date-time":"2009-08-20T21:07:55Z","timestamp":1250802475000},"page":"296-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hemodynamic effects of ropivacaine and levobupivacaine intravenous injection in swines"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Artur","family":"Udelsmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAMP,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William Adalberto","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAMP"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Cristina de","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAMP"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Dreyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAMP"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200101000-00008","article-title":"Cardiac resuscitation after incremental overdosage with lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in anesthetized dogs","volume":"92","author":"Groban L","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703858","article-title":"Direct cardiac effects of intracoronary bupivacaine, levobupivaciane and ropivacaine in the sheep","volume":"132","author":"Chang DH-T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197910000-00001","article-title":"Cardiac arrest following regional anesthesia with etidocaine or bupivacaine","volume":"51","author":"Albright GA","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200109000-00039","article-title":"Systemic toxicity and resuscitation in bupivaca\u00edna, levobupivaca\u00edna or ropivacaine-infused rats","volume":"93","author":"Ohmura S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1972.tb00683.x","article-title":"Toxicological and local anesthetic effects of optically active isomers of two local anesthetic compounds","volume":"31","author":"\u00c5berg G","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Toxicol."},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"359","article-title":"Optical isomers of mepivacaine and bupivacaine","volume":"200","author":"Luduena FP","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Int Pharmacodyn."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200301000-00002","article-title":"Central nervous system and cardiac effects from long-acting amide local anesthetic toxicity in the intact animal model","volume":"28","author":"Groban L","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200059030-00013","article-title":"Levobupivacaine: A review of its pharmacology and use as a local anesthetic","volume":"59","author":"Foster RH","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00775.x","article-title":"A comparison of the cardiovascular effects of levobupivacaine and rac-bupivacaine following intravenous administration to healthy volunteers","volume":"46","author":"Bardsley H","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/81.6.899","article-title":"Extradural pain relief in labour: potencies of levobupivacaine and racemic bupivacaine","volume":"81","author":"Lyons G","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1509","article-title":"The relative motor blocking potencies of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine in labour","volume":"97","author":"H\u00e9ctor JL","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia in laboratory animals","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012417570-9\/50017-9","volume-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia in swine","author":"Smith AC","year":"1997","edition":"1"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine","volume":"1","author":"Ettinger SJ","year":"1975","edition":"1"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200301000-00018","article-title":"Hemodynamic and cardiac electrophysiologic effects of lidocaine-bupivacaine mixture in anesthetized and ventilated piglets","volume":"98","author":"Lefrant JY","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198504000-00006","article-title":"Mechanism for bupivacaine depression of cardiac conduction: fast block of sodium channels during the action potential with slow recovery from block during diastole","volume":"62","author":"Clarkson CW","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199307000-00014","article-title":"Bupivacaine inhibits cyclic 3.5 adenosine monophosphate production: A possible contribution factor to cardiovascular toxicity","volume":"79","author":"Butherworth JF","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3014","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.10.3014","article-title":"Stereoselective block of cardiac sodium channels by bupivacaine in guinea pig ventricular myocytes","volume":"92","author":"Valenzuela C","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200208000-00029","article-title":"Drug chirality in anesthesia","volume":"97","author":"Nau C","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200312000-00017","article-title":"Relative analgesic potencies of levobupivacaine and ropivacaine for epidural analgesia in labor","volume":"99","author":"Polley LS","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2005.04380.x","article-title":"Minimum local anaesthetic dose (MLAD) of intrathecal levobupivacaine and ropivacaine for caesarean section","volume":"61","author":"Parpaglioni R","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anaesthesia."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-5172.2004.00393.x","article-title":"High-dose bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block","volume":"48","author":"Liisanantti O","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1053\/bean.2003.0275","article-title":"Toxicity of local anesthetics","volume":"17","author":"Cox B","year":"2003","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol."}],"container-title":["Acta Cirurgica Brasileira"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/acb\/v24n4\/09.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,26]],"date-time":"2017-05-26T06:10:57Z","timestamp":1495779057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-86502009000400009&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0102-86502009000400009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0102-86502009000400009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0102-8650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0102-8650","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}