{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:55:58Z","timestamp":1793451358901,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior","award":["2021\/12535-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/12535-2"]}]},{"name":"Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior","award":["88887.689454\/2022-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.689454\/2022-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo"],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT This study examines the prevalence of anti-Leishmania IgG antibodies and Leishmania spp. infections among Brazilian kidney transplant recipients and their living donors before and after transplantation. A total of 48 donor-recipient pairs were recruited from July 14, 2022, to December 18, 2023. ELISA was used to test donors and recipients with a crude antigen of Leishmania major-like (Lm-ELISA), along with recombinant Lb6H (rLb6H-ELISA) and K39 (rK39-ELISA). Additionally, PCR was used to test recipients. Of the 48 donors, 25 (52.1%, 95%CI: 38.3\u201365.5) tested positive with Lm-ELISA, 4 (8.3%, 95%CI: 2.8\u201320.1) with rLb6H-ELISA, and 2 (4.2%, 95%CI: 0.4\u201314.8) with rK39-ELISA. Before transplantation, 31 recipients (64.6%, 95%CI: 50.4\u201376.6) were positive with Lm-ELISA, 5 (10.4%, 95%CI: 4.1\u201322.6) with rLb6H-ELISA, 1 (2.1%, 95%CI: &lt;0.01\u201311.9) with rK39-ELISA, and 2 (4.2%, 95%CI: 0.4\u201314.8) with PCR. At 365 days post-transplant, 35 recipients underwent serological and molecular testing. Of these, 14 (40.0%, 95%CI: 25.5\u201356.5) tested positive with Lm-ELISA, 4 (11.4%, 95%CI: 3.9\u201326.5) with rLb6H-ELISA, 0 (0.0%, 95%CI: 0.0\u201311.8) with rK39-ELISA, and 2 (5.7%, 95%CI: 0.6\u201319.6) with PCR. Combining serological and molecular methods showed promising potential for early detection and ongoing monitoring of leishmaniasis in kidney transplant recipients and their donors. These findings highlight the urgent need for regulatory measures to implement Leishmania-specific donor screening and recipient monitoring using PCR and targeted serological tests, as well as close observation of signs and symptoms of leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946202567067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T15:06:08Z","timestamp":1759503968000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Screening for anti-Leishmania antibodies and Leishmania infections in kidney transplant recipients and donors from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9441-6933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Henrique","family":"Johanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4055-5556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmen Arroyo","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7650-9968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina Maia de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0815-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz Julieta","family":"Celeste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-8318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth Tamara","family":"Valencia-Portillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3310-0484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"David Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0216-3028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ligia Camera","family":"Pierrotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil; Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1245-9348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valdir Sabbaga","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil; Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-021-00232-7","article-title":"A review of leishmaniasis: current knowledge and future directions","volume":"8","author":"Mann S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar J","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"653","article-title":"Global leishmaniasis surveillance updates 2023: 3 years of the NTD road map","volume":"99","author":"Jain S","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012438","article-title":"VL-HIV co-infection with Leishmania containing skin lesions resembling para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis","volume":"18","author":"Alves NO","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-068679","article-title":"Clinical features, immunological interactions and household determinants of visceral leishmaniasis and malaria coinfections in West Pokot, Kenya: protocol for an observational study","volume":"13","author":"van Dijk N","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70043-4","article-title":"Leishmaniasis among organ transplant recipients","volume":"8","author":"Antinori S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006375","article-title":"New insights into leishmaniasis in the immunosuppressed","volume":"12","author":"Akuffo H","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw670","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH)","volume":"63","author":"Aronson N","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12556","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in immunosuppressed individuals","volume":"20","author":"van Griensven J","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821997000400005","article-title":"Evaluation of Leishmania antigens preparation and storage for use in enzyme immunoassays","volume":"30","author":"Celeste BJ","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0304268","article-title":"ELISA with recombinant antigen Lb6H validated for the diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis","volume":"19","author":"Valencia-Portillo RT","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282483","article-title":"Recombinant protein KR95 as an alternative for serological diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas","volume":"18","author":"Fujimori M","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2003.10.008","article-title":"PCR-RFLP to identify Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. 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