{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T17:25:34Z","timestamp":1749835534143},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Einstein (S\u00e3o Paulo)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the use of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with \u03b2-thalassemia and to compare T2* magnetic resonance imaging results with serum ferritin levels and the redox active fraction of labile plasma iron. Methods: We have retrospectively evaluated 115 chronically transfused patients (65 women). We tested serum ferritin with chemiluminescence, fraction of labile plasma iron by cellular fluorescence and used T2* MRI to assess iron content in the heart, liver, and pancreas. Hepatic iron concentration was determined in liver biopsies of 11 patients and the results were compared with liver T2* magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The mean serum ferritin was 2,676.5 +\/- 2,051.7 ng\/mL. A fraction of labile plasma iron was abnormal (&gt; 0,6 Units\/mL) in 48\/83 patients (57%). The mean liver T2* value was 3.91 \u00b1 3.95 ms, suggesting liver siderosis in most patients (92.1%). The mean myocardial T2* value was 24.96 \u00b1 14.17 ms and the incidence of cardiac siderosis (T2* &lt; 20 ms) was 36%, of which 19% (22\/115) were severe cases (T2* &lt; 10 ms). The mean pancreas T2* value was 11.12 \u00b1 11.20 ms, and 83.5% of patients had pancreatic iron deposition (T2* &lt; 21 ms). There was significant curvilinear and inverse correlation between liver T2* magnetic resonance imaging and hepatic iron concentration (r= \u22120.878; p &lt; 0.001) and moderate correlation between pancreas and myocardial T2* MRI (r = 0.546; p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: A high rate of hepatic, pancreatic and cardiac impairment by iron overload was demonstrated. Ferritin levels could not predict liver, heart or pancreas iron overload as measured by T2* magnetic resonance imaging. There was no correlation between liver, pancreas, liver and myocardial iron overload, neither between ferritin and fraction of labile plasma iron with liver, heart and pancreas T2* values<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1679-45082011ao1897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T22:53:25Z","timestamp":1443048805000},"page":"165-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Iron overload in Brazilian thalassemic patients"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Reijane Alves de","family":"Assis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando Uliana","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"La\u00e9rcio Alberto","family":"Rosemberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Henrique C.","family":"Parma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesar Higa","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra Regina","family":"Loggetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Hematologia de S\u00e3o Paulo - CHSP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aderson da Silva","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pernambuco Blood Center, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Fabron Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marilia Blood Center, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica Pinheiro de Almeida","family":"Ver\u00edssimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boldrini Children Center, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio Roberto","family":"Baldanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parana Blood Center - HEMEPAR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merula A.","family":"Steagal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Association of Thalassemia - ABRASTA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia Angela Galleni Di Sessa","family":"Velloso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Association of Thalassemia - ABRASTA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Breno Pannia","family":"Esp\u00f3sito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo - USP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra Saemi","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein - IIEPAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelli da Silva","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein - IIEPAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Tricta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Department Apotex, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo Hueb","family":"Baroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Buarque de Gusm\u00e3o","family":"Funari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, Estados Unidos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreza Alice Feitosa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Hamerschlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2073","article-title":"Transferrin therapy ameliorates disease in beta-thalassemic mice","volume":"16","author":"Li H","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"GeneReviews [Internet]","volume-title":"Beta-thalassemia","author":"Cao A","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3536(98)80069-3","article-title":"The population genetics of the haemoglobinopathies","volume":"11","author":"Flint J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Baillieres Clin Haematol"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira dos Talassemia [Internet]"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-10-42","article-title":"Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation 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