{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:36:36Z","timestamp":1763642196532},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. bras. pneumol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the proportional distribution of endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) subtypes and to evaluate the types of bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures that can prove granulomatous inflammation. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 18 HIV-negative patients with biopsy-proven EBTB treated between 2010 and 2014. Results: The most common EBTB subtypes, as classified by the bronchoscopic features, were tumorous and granular (in 22.2% for both). Sputum smear microscopy was performed in 11 patients and was positive for AFB in 4 (36.3%). Sputum culture was also performed in 11 patients and was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 10 (90.9%). Smear microscopy of BAL fluid (BALF) was performed in 16 patients and was positive for AFB in 10 (62.5%). Culture of BALF was also performed in 16 patients and was positive for M. tuberculosis in 15 (93.7%). Culture of BALF was positive for M. tuberculosis in 93.7% of the 16 patients tested. Among the 18 patients with EBTB, granulomatous inflammation was proven by the following bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures: bronchial mucosal biopsy, in 8 (44.4%); bronchial brushing, in 7 (38.8%); fine-needle aspiration biopsy, in 2 (11.1%); and BAL, in 2 (11.1%). Bronchial anthracofibrosis was observed in 5 (27.7%) of the 18 cases evaluated. Conclusions: In our sample of EBTB patients, the most common subtypes were the tumorous and granular subtypes. We recommend that sputum samples and BALF samples be evaluated by smear microscopy for AFB and by culture for M. tuberculosis, which could increase the rates of early diagnosis of EBTB. We also recommend that bronchial brushing be employed together with other bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures in patients suspected of having EBTB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1806-37562015000000134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]],"date-time":"2017-03-15T17:55:41Z","timestamp":1489600541000},"page":"191-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures and microbiological examinations in proving endobronchial tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Abdullah","family":"\u015eim\u015fek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. T\u00fcrkan Akyol Chest Diseases Hospital, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0130lhami","family":"Yap\u0131c\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. T\u00fcrkan Akyol Chest Diseases Hospital, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mesiha","family":"Babal\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. T\u00fcrkan Akyol Chest Diseases Hospital, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zekiye","family":"\u015eim\u015fek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bursa \u00c7ekirge Public Hospital, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Kolsuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prof. Dr. T\u00fcrkan Akyol Chest Diseases Hospital, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-0361.1994.tb00236.x","article-title":"Rurality and tuberculosis incidence trends in North and South Carolina, 1980 to 1992","volume":"10","author":"Millard PS","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011712","article-title":"Resurgence of tuberculosis and the impact of HIV infection","volume":"54","author":"Glynn JR","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.1.236","article-title":"Catching patients tuberculosis and detention in the 1990s","volume":"115","author":"Lerner BH","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","first-page":"990","article-title":"Endobronchial tuberculosis Clinical and bronchoscopic feature in 121 cases","volume":"102","author":"Lee JH","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199510000-00007","article-title":"Endobronchial tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients","volume":"9","author":"Calpe JL","year":"1995","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.159.5.1414809","article-title":"Bronchial stenosis due to endobronchial tuberculosis successful treatment with self-expanding metallic stent","volume":"159","author":"Han JK","year":"1992","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.1991.38.2.108","article-title":"Classification of endobronchial tuberculosis by the bronchoscopic features","volume":"38","author":"Chung HS","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.2.385","article-title":"Bronchoscopic assessment of the evolution of endobronchial tuberculosis","volume":"117","author":"Chung HS","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-6958-7-34","article-title":"Endobronchial tuberculosis histopathological subsets and microbiological results","volume":"7","author":"Ozkaya S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Multidiscip Respir Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783X-15-7-309","article-title":"Investigation of endobronchial tuberculosis diagnoses in 22 cases","volume":"15","author":"Qingliang X","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref11","first-page":"764","article-title":"Characteristics of endobronchial tuberculosis patients with negative sputum acid-fast bacillus","volume":"5","author":"Sahin F","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref12","first-page":"247","article-title":"Endobronchial tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Kashyap S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci"},{"issue":"27","key":"ref13","first-page":"396","article-title":"Clinical analysis of 90 cases with endobronchial tuberculosis [Article in Chinese] Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za","volume":"22","author":"Yu W","year":"1999","journal-title":"Zhi"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/00128594-199910000-00004","article-title":"Endobronchial involvement in tuberculosis a report of 24 cases diagnosed by fibreoptic bronchoscopy","volume":"6","author":"Aggarwal AN","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bronchol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.12.1010","article-title":"Induced sputum and bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"57","author":"McWilliams T","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.5.7582296","article-title":"Comparison of sputum induction with fiber-optic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of tuberculosis","volume":"1525","author":"Anderson C","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1159\/000196662","article-title":"50 endobronchial tuberculosis cases based on bronchoscopic diagnosis","volume":"64","author":"Altin S","year":"1997","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.11.011","article-title":"Biomass smoke induced bronchial anthracofibrosis presenting features and clinical course","volume":"103","author":"Kim YJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","first-page":"231","article-title":"Bronchial anthracofibrosis and tuberculosis in immigrants to Canada from the Indian subcontinent","volume":"14","author":"Hwang J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.2.344","article-title":"Bronchial stenosis due to anthracofibrosis","volume":"113","author":"Chung MP","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref21","first-page":"84","article-title":"Anthracosis of lung evaluation of potential underlying causes","volume":"12","author":"Mirsadraee M","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bronchol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref22","first-page":"441","article-title":"Cooking with biomass stoves and tuberculosis a case control study","volume":"5","author":"P\u00e9rez-Padilla R","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901032","article-title":"Tuberculosis and indoor biomass and kerosene use in Nepal a case-control study","volume":"118","author":"Pokhrel AK","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.109405","article-title":"Association between biomass fuel and pulmonary tuberculosis a nested case-control study","volume":"64","author":"Kolappan C","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1086\/322671","article-title":"Tuberculosis and aging a global health problem","volume":"33","author":"Rajagopalan S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2013.28.3.330","article-title":"Relationship between bronchial anthracofibrosis and endobronchial tuberculosis","volume":"28","author":"Kim HJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/jbpneu\/v42n3\/1806-3713-jbpneu-42-03-00191.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T10:28:56Z","timestamp":1658831336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-37132016000300191&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1806-37132016000300191"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1806-37562015000000134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1806-3713"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1806-3713","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}}}