{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T10:01:01Z","timestamp":1778234461303,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Concomitant infections by several parasitic genera are rare, very debilitating and often lethal to fish reared under commercial breeding conditions. Were describe a multiple and concurrent parasite infestation in cultured goldfish Carassius auratus with skin damage (nodules and\/or ulceration). Fish with skin lesions underwent necropsy, and the skin and gills were scraped and examined. Histopathological examination with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Giemsa stain, and an ultrastructure study using transmission and scanning electron microscopy were conducted. In the skin, we identified multiple-parasite infestations by Gyrodactylidae, Epistylis sp., Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Tetrahymena sp. and Ichthyobodo necator,associated with epithelial cell hyperplasia and epidermal sloughing. Although no gross lesions were observed, were identified a large number of parasites in the gills (Epistylis sp., Piscinoodinium sp., Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina sp., Apiosoma sp., Hexamitasp. and cysts of a trematode digenean). The observed trematodes were not identified. The associated microscopic lesions were epithelial hypertrophic and hyperplasic and exhibited fusion of secondary lamellae and epithelial cell detachment. This is the first description of a protozoan Vorticella sp. parasitizing goldfish in Brazil. Multiple ectoparasitism by protozoa and Platyhelminthes, with or without apparent tissue damage, can be fatal for goldfish raised on farms with poor management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612015054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:17:23Z","timestamp":1443572243000},"page":"283-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ectocommensal and ectoparasites in goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) in farmed in the State of S\u00e3o Paulo"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Carla Renata Serantoni","family":"Moyses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diva Denelle","family":"Spadacci-Morena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Butantan,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Guilherme","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Mataresio","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Anete","family":"Lallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Paulista,  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","first-page":"213","article-title":"A review of some basic parasite diseases in culture fisheries flagellids, dinoflagellides and ichthyophthriasis, ichtyobodiasis, coccidiosis trichodiniasis, heminthiasis, hirudinea infestation, crustacean parasite and ciliates","volume":"2","author":"Abowei JFN","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.09.001","article-title":"Fish welfare: current issues in aquaculture","volume":"104","author":"Ashley PJ","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref3","first-page":"363","article-title":"High mortality due to Tetrahymena sp. infection in laboratory-maintained zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio)","volume":"52","author":"Astrofsky KM","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.09.005","article-title":"Parasites, behaviour and welfare in fish","volume":"104","author":"Barber I","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2011.07.004","article-title":"Stress responses of the endemic freshwater cururu stingray (Potamotrygon cf. histrix) during transportation in the Amazon region of the Rio Negro","volume":"162","author":"Brinn RP","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-62252007000300013","article-title":"Histopathology of gills, kidney and liver of a Neotropical fish caged in an urban stream","volume":"5","author":"Camargo MMP","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neotrop Ichthyol"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"Clesceri LS","year":"1998","edition":"20th"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Fish diseases and disorders viral, bacterial and fungal infections","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Ichthyophthirius multifiliis","author":"Dickerson HW","year":"2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0932-4739(96)80063-0","article-title":"Light and electron microscopic descriptions of Sphaerospora coregoni EI-Matbouli, Hoffmann and Kern, 1995 (Myxosporea: Sphaerosporidae) from the kidney of Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus)","volume":"32","author":"El-Matbouli M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Protistol"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Flynn\u2019s parasites of laboratory animals","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Parasites of fishes","author":"Kent ML","year":"2007"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-007-0856-5","article-title":"Study of Apiosoma piscicola (Blanchard 1885) occurring on fry of freshwater fishes in Hongze, China with consideration of the genus Apiosoma","volume":"102","author":"Li M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Protozoan parasites of fishes - 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