{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T01:22:32Z","timestamp":1784769752030,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract A large number of Brazilian zoos keep many endangered species of deer, however, very few disease surveillance studies have been conducted among captive cervids. Blood samples from 32 Brazilian deer (Blastocerus dichotomus, Mazama nana and Mazama americana) kept in captivity at Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary (Foz do Igua\u00e7u, Brazil) were investigated for 10 ruminant pathogens, with the aims of monitoring deer health status and evaluating any potential zoonotic risk. Deer serum samples were tested for Brucella abortus, Leptospira (23 serovars), Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, western equine encephalitis virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Antibodies against T. gondii (15.6%), N. caninum (6.2%) and L. interrogans serogroup Serjoe (3.1%) were detected. The serological results for all other infectious agents were negative. The deer were considered to be clinically healthy and asymptomatic regarding any disease. Compared with studies on free-ranging deer, the prevalences of the same agents tested among the captive deer kept at the Sanctuary were lower, thus indicating good sanitary conditions and high-quality management practices at the zoo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612015065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,7]],"date-time":"2015-11-07T22:40:09Z","timestamp":1446936009000},"page":"482-487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Occurrence of antibodies anti -Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Cristina Kraemer","family":"Zimpel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Laura","family":"Grazziotin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan Roque de","family":"Barros Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Marcia de Sa","family":"Guimaraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonilda Correia dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanderlei de","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Brasil; Usina Hidrel\u00e9trica de Itaipu Binacional, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zalmir Silvino","family":"Cubas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Usina Hidrel\u00e9trica de Itaipu Binacional, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Jose de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Usina Hidrel\u00e9trica de Itaipu Binacional, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edviges Maristela","family":"Pituco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria do Carmo Cust\u00f3dio de Souza Hunold","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana Monteforte Cassaro","family":"Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edlia Marcia Paulin","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elenice Maria Sequetin","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Biol\u00f3gico de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander Welker","family":"Biondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Mazama nana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2","author":"April VV","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.2307\/3284508","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii in Vancouver Island cougars (Felis concolor vancouverensis): serology and oocyst shedding","volume":"84","author":"Aramini JJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.3.939","article-title":"Survey for foot-and-mouth disease in the endangered marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) from marshlands of the Parana River Basin, Brazil","volume":"46","author":"Ara\u00fajo Jr JP","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03547589","article-title":"The P 37\/24 modification of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus-serum neutralization test","volume":"19","author":"Bitsch V","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879300500412","article-title":"Detection of serum antibody responses in cattle with natural or experimental Neospora infections","volume":"5","author":"Conrad PA","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Blastocerus dichotomus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2","author":"Duarte JMB","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Mazama americana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2","author":"Duarte JMB","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.01.002","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Iowa and Minnesota using four serologic tests","volume":"161","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2-4","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.05.018","article-title":"Gray wolf (Canis lupus) is a natural definitive host for Neospora caninum","volume":"181","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.03.004","article-title":"Congenital transmission of Neospora caninum in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)","volume":"196","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3257.1","article-title":"Ante-mortem diagnosis, diarrhea, oocyst shedding, treatment, isolation, and genetic typing of Toxoplasma gondii associated with clinical toxoplasmosis in a naturally infected cat","volume":"99","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.9.1.486","article-title":"The diagnosis of bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease in cattle","volume":"9","author":"Edwards S","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1984.35069","article-title":"Leptospirosis associated with serovars hardjo and pomona in red deer calves (Cervus elaphus)","volume":"32","author":"Fairley RA","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-33.4.896","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis in naturally infected deer from Brazil","volume":"33","author":"Ferreira RA","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-84782004000100025","article-title":"Pesquisa de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em animais silvestres e em estado feral da regi\u00e3o de Nhecol\u00e2ndia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da t\u00e9cnica de imuno-histoqu\u00edmica para detec\u00e7\u00e3o do agente","volume":"34","author":"Girio RJS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cienc Rural"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-47.4.1005","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma ovis in selected free-ranging Brazilian deer populations","volume":"47","author":"Grazziotin AL","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.001","article-title":"Mycoplasma ovis in captive cervids: prevalence, molecular characterization and phylogeny","volume":"152","author":"Grazziotin AL","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref18","first-page":"364","article-title":"Investigation of pregnancy losses in beef cattle herds associated with Neospora sp. infection","volume":"37","author":"Hoar BR","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"issue":"S1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12206","article-title":"An assessment of zoonotic and production limiting pathogens in rusa deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius","volume":"61","author":"Jori F","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"issue":"31","key":"ref20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in dogs from rural and slum communities of Los Rios Region, Chile","volume":"11","author":"Lelu M","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.02.038","article-title":"Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in Brazilian marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus)","volume":"139","author":"Machado RZ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-35.1.112","article-title":"Serosurvey for antibodies against Brucella abortus and Leptospira interrogans in pampas deer from Brazil","volume":"35","author":"Mathias LA","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121207","article-title":"Foot-and-mouth disease: the agar gel diffusion precipitin test for antibody to virus-infection-associated (via) antigen as a tool for epizootiologic surveys","volume":"92","author":"McVicar JW","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.12.034","article-title":"Occurrence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in ovine and caprine abortions","volume":"187","author":"Moreno B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.85.23.636","article-title":"The rose bengal plate agglutination test in the diagnosis of brucellosis","volume":"85","author":"Morgan WJB","year":"1969","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612013000400018","article-title":"Assessment of experimental infection for dogs using Gallus gallus chorioallantoic membranes inoculated with Neospora caninum","volume":"22","author":"Munhoz AD","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Bras Parasitol Vet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1638\/2010-0043.1","article-title":"An outbreak of tuberculosis by Mycobacterium bovis in coatis (Nasua nasua)","volume":"43","author":"Murakami PS","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22363","article-title":"Crowding increases salivary cortisol but not self-directed behavior in captive baboons","volume":"77","author":"Pearson BL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Primatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2012.02.001","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Anaplasmataceae agents in free-ranging Brazilian marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus)","volume":"35","author":"Sacchi AB","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.044","article-title":"Detection of Theileria and Babesia in brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"177","author":"Silveira JA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.07.015","article-title":"Environmental effect on the occurrence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in pampas-deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus)","volume":"134","author":"Tiemann JC","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.12.016","article-title":"Occurrence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in Brazilian cervids kept in captivity","volume":"129","author":"Tiemann JC","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-010-1100-8","article-title":"Infection in the pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) by four serotypes of Leptospira interrogans.","volume":"20","author":"Tonin AA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comp Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.04.013","article-title":"Serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in captive Neotropical felids from Southern Brazil","volume":"172","author":"Ullmann LS","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1638\/2010-0091.1","article-title":"Serologic survey for Leptospira spp. in captive neotropical felids in Foz do Igua\u00e7u, Paran\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"43","author":"Ullmann LS","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"ref36","series-title":"Iguazu National Park","year":"2015"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762011000600019","article-title":"Survey of Leptospira spp. in pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) in the Pantanal wetlands of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil by serology and polymerase chain reaction","volume":"106","author":"Vieira AS","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref38","series-title":"Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals (mammals, birds and bees)","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/rbpv\/v24n4\/1984-2961-rbpv-S1984-29612015065.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T16:51:45Z","timestamp":1653497505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-29612015000400482&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1984-29612015000400482"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1984-29612015065","relation":{},"ISSN":["1984-2961","0103-846X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1984-2961","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0103-846X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]}}}