{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T14:12:09Z","timestamp":1758636729262,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected equids in northeastern Brazil. Serum samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules and 33 donkeys) were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associated factors. Among the 569 animals sampled, 118 (30.6%) living in rural areas and 14 (26.42%) in urban areas were seropositive (p&gt;0.05). Seropositive animals were observed on 95% of the farms and in all the municipalities. Donkeys\/mules as the host, presence of domestic cats and rats on the farm, ingestion of lagoon water and goat rearing remained in the final model as factors associated with infection. Preventive measures such as avoiding the presence of domestic cats close to rearing areas, pastures and sources of water for the animals should be adopted. The wide-ranging distribution of positive animals also indicated that infection in other domestic animals and in humans, through the contaminated environment, was possible. It should be highlighted that there was the possibility that donkeys and mules would continue to have detectable titers for longer, thus explaining the prevalence found. Further studies are needed to confirm this possibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612019035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T15:35:39Z","timestamp":1560353739000},"page":"283-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Factors associated with the distribution of natural Toxoplasma gondii infection among equids in Northeastern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9113-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Dias","family":"Munhoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monia Andrade","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia Carmen Lopo","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica de Souza","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A\u00edsla Nascimento da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana Carvalho","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebeca D\u00e1lety Santos","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George R\u00eago","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Julia Salim","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Toxoplasma antibodies in Polo Horses of Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"Aganga AO","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Zoonoses"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.2307\/3280181","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Horses","volume":"65","author":"Al-Khalidi NW","year":"1979","journal-title":"J 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