{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T15:41:59Z","timestamp":1760715719538,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["88887.080241\/2024-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.080241\/2024-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract The aim of this study was to report infection by Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging mammals from Pantanal, as well as to compare the laboratory methods used to detect this parasite among native wildlife species. Blood samples from ocelots, crab-eating foxes, and coatis were included for serological analysis and molecular testing. In addition, tissue samples from wild rodents and jaguarundi were collected for molecular analysis. Seropositivity for T. gondii was 100% (2\/2) in ocelots across all tests; ranged from 39.1% (9\/23) by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) to 47.8% (11\/23) by modified agglutination test (MAT) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) in crab-eating foxes; and from 12.5% (3\/24) by IHA to 20.8% (5\/24) by MAT in coatis. The level of agreement between the serological techniques ranged from fair to moderate (Kappa=0.353\u20130.516). Furthermore, PCR analysis revealed the presence of T. gondii DNA in 100% (2\/2 and 1\/1) of the ocelots\u2019 blood and jaguarundi\u2019s brain, 30.4% (7\/23) of the crab-eating foxes\u2019 blood, 45.8% (11\/24) of the coatis\u2019 blood, and 23.8% (10\/42) of the Thrichomys spp.\u2019s tissues. Potentially atypical strains (incomplete genotyping) of T. gondii were identified by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) from ocelot, jaguarundi, and coati. These findings indicate the circulation of T. gondii among wild mammals at the Nhumirim Farm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612025050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T15:00:58Z","timestamp":1760713258000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular and serological diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild animals in the Pantanal in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2946-2087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magyda Arabia Araji","family":"Dahroug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Dom Bosco,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1692-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Soares","family":"Juliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa em Agropecu\u00e1ria,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3317-195X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera L\u00facia Pereira","family":"Chioccola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Adolfo Lutz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2956-4460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Leonardo","family":"Nicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro Batista das","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0481-4373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor Falco","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5007-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alynne da Silva","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Universidade Federal Fluminense,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3234-4444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e2mela Castro","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8300-4191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme de Miranda","family":"Mour\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa em Agropecu\u00e1ria,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9694-9453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"La\u00eds Verdan","family":"Dib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Faculdade de Medicina de Campos,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0867-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Regina Reis","family":"Amendoeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil; Funda\u00e7\u00e3o T\u00e9cnico-Educacional Souza Marques,  Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-019-01405-7","article-title":"The one health approach to toxoplasmosis: epidemiology, control, and prevention strategies","volume":"16","author":"Aguirre AA","year":"2019","journal-title":"EcoHealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2018-0021","article-title":"Molecular and serological investigation of infectious diseases in captive and free-range crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous: Linnaeus, 1776) from northeastern Brazil","volume":"63","author":"Almeida JC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2502.1","article-title":"Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in captive neotropical and exotic wild canids and felids","volume":"96","author":"Andr\u00e9 MR","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.46357\/bcnaturais.v16i3.811","article-title":"Roedores da Bacia do Alto Paraguai: uma revis\u00e3o do conhecimento do planalto \u00e0 plan\u00edcie pantaneira","volume":"16","author":"Antunes PC","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bol Mus Para Em\u00edlio Goeldi Ci\u00eanc Nat"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2017-8","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii survey in cats from two environments of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by Modified Agglutination Test on sera and filter-paper","volume":"10","author":"Bolais PF","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760210302","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii in the faeces of wild felids from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil","volume":"117","author":"Bolais PF","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.8.1787-1792.1989","article-title":"Direct and sensitive detection of a pathogenic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"27","author":"Burg JL","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","first-page":"117","article-title":"Improved technique of indirect immunofluorescence for serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis","volume":"6","author":"Camargo ME","year":"1964","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.12.019","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania spp. infection in captive crab-eating foxes, Cerdocyon thous (Carnivora, Canidae) from Brazil","volume":"169","author":"Catenacci LS","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12050619","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis in zoo animals: a retrospective pathology review of 126 cases","volume":"12","author":"Denk D","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.11.6.562-568.1980","article-title":"Direct agglutination test for diagnosis of Toxoplasma infection: method for increasing sensitivity and specificity","volume":"11","author":"Desmonts G","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109145","article-title":"All about toxoplasmosis in cats: the last decade","volume":"283","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109337","article-title":"Recent epidemiologic and clinical Toxoplasma gondii infections in wild canids and other carnivores: 2009-2020","volume":"290","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","first-page":"182","article-title":"Epidemiological significance of Toxoplasma gondii infections in wild rodents: 2009-2020","volume":"107","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans.","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2021","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Clinical toxoplasmosis in zoo animals and its management","volume":"2","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2022","journal-title":"EAS"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Plano de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da fazenda Nhumirm.","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"GraphPad Prism","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Pantanal","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis JR","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0902-6","article-title":"Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii.","volume":"8","author":"Liu Q","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2016.11.014","article-title":"Seroprevalence and spatial distribution of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats, dogs, pigs and equines of the Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil","volume":"66","author":"Magalh\u00e3es FJR","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2016.111083","article-title":"Serological survey of toxoplamosis in South American coatis (Nasua nasua) in Tiet\u00ea Ecological Park, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","volume":"53","author":"Maia JF","year":"2016","journal-title":"Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.015","article-title":"Isolation and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii from a red-handed howler monkey (Alouatta belzebul), a jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi), and a black-eared opossum (Didelphis aurita) from Brazil","volume":"175","author":"Pena HFJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1638\/1042-7260-44.1.152","article-title":"Serologic survey of infectious diseases in populations of maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) from \u00c1guas Emendadas Ecological Station, Brazil","volume":"44","author":"Proen\u00e7a LM","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1678-9199-20-41","article-title":"Detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in wild animals in Brazil","volume":"20","author":"Silva RC","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2855.1","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in wild marsupials and rodents from the Atlantic forest of Pernambuco state, northeastern region, Brazil","volume":"99","author":"Siqueira DB","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991065","article-title":"Moving towards an integrated approach to molecular detection and identification of Toxoplasma gondii.","volume":"137","author":"Su C","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-39.2.456","article-title":"Ecologic correlates of Toxoplasma gondii exposure in free-ranging neotropical mammals","volume":"39","author":"Thois B","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011908","article-title":"The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally","volume":"20","author":"Wilson AG","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105681","article-title":"Isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in the Midwestern Brazil revealed high genetic diversity and new genotypes","volume":"212","author":"Witter R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop"}],"container-title":["Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria"],"original-title":["Diagn\u00f3stico molecular e sorol\u00f3gico da infec\u00e7\u00e3o por Toxoplasma gondii em animais silvestres do Pantanal, Brasil"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S1984-29612025000300410&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T15:01:02Z","timestamp":1760713262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-29612025000300410&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S1984-29612025000300410"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1984-29612025050","relation":{},"ISSN":["1984-2961","0103-846X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1984-2961","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0103-846X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e007425"}}